Volume-10 , Issue-3 , Sep 2022, ISSN 2321-905X Go Back
-
Open Access Article
Corporate Social Responsibility and Patient Loyalty in Private Healthcare Services
Asela R. Kumara, B.S. Habaragoda
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJM)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.1-8, Sep-2022
Abstract
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and customer loyalty play a vital role in firm performance and sustainability in any industry. This paper aims to examine the effects of CSR on patient loyalty and how it interacts with satisfaction and trust in affecting loyalty in the Sri Lankan private healthcare sector. A quantitative study was performed and data were collected through a well-structured online questionnaire, consisting of five demographic type questions and twenty-four Likert scale type questions. Structural equation modelling with AMOS was used to test the research hypotheses. The findings show a significant positive relationship between CSR and patient loyalty, patient satisfaction and patient trust. The findings also supports the claim that patient satisfaction strengthens the relationship between CSR and patient loyalty, however, there is no such significant mediation effect of patient trust. The study provides a set of findings relating to CSR initiatives and these findings provides important insights into how private health-care providers should incorporate CSR into their corporate strategic plans that would enhance patient satisfaction, consequently leading to patient loyalty.Key-Words / Index Term
Corporate Social Responsibility, Patient Loyalty, Patient Satisfaction, Patient Trust, Private Healthcare SectorReferences
[1] I. Perera, “Implementing Healthcare Information in Rural Communities in Sri Lanka: A Novel Approach with Mobile Communication,” Journal of Health Informatics in Developing Countries, Vol.3, Issue.2, pp.24–29, 2009.
[2] G.D. Dayaratne, “Private Hospital Health Care Delivery in Sri Lanka,” Working Paper Series, Vol.18, 2013.
[3] H.T. Tharanga, S.W.S.B. Dasanayaka, O.A. Serhan, G. Kuruppu, A.A. Alariki, R. Houjeir, “An Assessment of Service Quality in Private Healthcare Sector in Sri Lanka,” Amity Business Journal, Vol.7, Issue.September, pp.9–22, 2018.
[4] S.D.K Wanninayake, M.E. O’Donnell, S.Williamson, “ Caring with a Forced Smile: Emotional Labour among Private Hospital Nurses in Sri Lanla,” South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management, Vol.8, Issue.2, pp.219-239. 2021.
[5] C.B. Bhattacharya, S. Sen, “Doing Better at Doing Good: When, Why, and How Consumers Respond to Corporate Social Initiatives,” California Management Review, Vol.47, Issue. 1, pp.9–24, 2004.
[6] H. He, Y. Li, “CSR and Service Brand: The Mediating Effect of Brand Identification and Moderating Effect of Service Quality,” Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 100, Issue. 4, pp.673–688, 2011.
[7] H. T. Keh, Y. Xie, “Corporate Reputation and Customer Behavioral Intentions: The Roles of Trust, Identification and Commitment,” Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 38, Issue. 7, pp.732–742, 2009.
[8] R.E. Freeman, “Strategic Management?: A Stakeholder Approach,” Pitman, Boston, 1984.
[9] O. Hawn, I. Ioannou, “Mind the Gap: The Interplay Between External and Internal Actions in the Case of Corporate Social Responsibility,” Strategic Management Journal, Vol.37, pp.2569–2588, 2016.
[10] A. Calabrese, R. Costa, F. Rosati, “Gender Differences in Customer Expectations and Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility,” Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol.116, pp.35–149, 2016.
[11] A. Alvarado-Herrera, E. Bigne, J. Aldas-Manzano, R. Curras-Perez, “A Scale for Measuring Consumer Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility Following the Sustainable Development Paradigm,” Journal of Business Ethics, Vol.140. Issue.2, pp.243–262, 2017.
[12] E.H. Creyer, W.T. Ross, “Influence of Firm Behavior on Purchase Intention: Do Malaysian Consumers Really Care about Business Ethics?,” Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol.14, Issue.6, pp.421–432, 1997.
[13] Y. Pan, S. Sheng, F.T. Xie, “Antecedents of Customer Loyalty: An Empirical Synthesis and Reexamination,” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Vol.19, Issue.1, pp.150–158, 2011.
[14] A.B. Carroll, “A Three-dimensional Conceptual Model of Corporate Performance,” Acedemy of Management Review, Vol.4, pp.497–505, 1979.
[15] P. Martínez, I. Rodríguez del Bosque, “CSR and Customer Loyalty: The Roles of Trust, Customer Identification with the Company and Satisfaction,” International Journal of Hospitality Management, Vol.35, pp.89–99, 2013.
[16] T.J. Brown, P.A. Dacin, “The Company and the Product: Corporate Association and Consumer Product Responses,” Journal of Marketing, Vol.61, Issue.1, pp.68–84, 1997.
[17] V. Swaen, R.C. Chumpitaz, “Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Cconsumer Trust,” Recherche et Applications en Marketing (English Edition), Vol.23, Issue.4, pp.7–34, 2008.
[18] D.A. Aaker, “Measuring Brand Equity Across Products and Markets.California Management Review, Vol.38, Issue.3, pp.102–120, 1996.
[19] S.J. Yoo, W.H.D. Huang, S. Kwon, “Gender Still Matters: Employees’ Acceptance Levels towards E-learning in the Workplaces of South Korea,” Knowledge Management and E-Learning, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.334–34, 2015.
[20] M.W. Nyadzayo, S. Khajehzadeh, “The Antecedents of Customer Loyalty: A Moderated Mediation Model of Customer Relationship Management Quality and Brand Image,” Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Vol.30, Issue.262–270, 2016.
[21] I. Maignan, O.C. Ferrell, L. Ferrell, “A Stakeholder Model for Implementing Social Responsibility in Marketing,” European Journal of Marketing, Vol.39, Issue.9–10, pp.956–977, 2005.
[22] D. Sirdeshmukh, J. Singh, B. Sabol, “Consumer Trust , Value , and Loyalty,” Journal of Marketing, Vol.66, Issue.1, pp. 15–37, 2002.
[23] H.T. Keh, Y. Xie, “Corporate Reputation and Customer Behavioral Intentions: The Roles of Trust, Identification and Commitment,” Industrial Marketing Management, Vol.38, Issue.7, pp.732–742, 2009.
[24] H. Khlif , "Factors for Success in Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems", World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.9, Issue.1, pp.16-20, 2021.
[25] H. Han, Y. Kim, E.K. Kim, “Cognitive, Affective, Conative, and Action Loyalty: Testing the Impact of Inertia,” International Journal of Hospitality Management, Vol.30, Issue.4, pp.1008–1019, 2011.
[26] R.K. Srivastava, “How Differing Demographic Factors Impact upon Customer Loyalty towards National or International Fast-food Chains: A Comparative Study in Emerging Markets,” Journal of Food Products Marketing, Vol.23, Issue.8, pp.901–92, 2017.
[27] N. Vilkaite-Vaitone, I. Skackauskiene, “Service Customer Loyalty: An Evaluation Based on Loyalty Factors,” Sustainability (Switzerland), Vol.12, Issue.6, 2020
[28] K. Anderson, B. Sharp, “Do Growing Brands Win Younger Consumers?,” International Journal of Market Research, Vol.52, Issue.4, pp.1–7, 2010.
[29] P.G. Patterson, “Demographic Correlates of Loyalty in a Service Context,” Journal of Services Marketing, Vol.21, Issue.2, pp.112–121, 2007.
[30] L. Marin, S. Ruiz, A. Rubio, “The Role of Identity Salience in the Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility on Consumer Behavior,” Journal of Business Ethics, Vol.84, Issue.1, pp.65–78, 2009.
[31] M. Amsami, "Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Customer Loyalty in the Retail Banking of Nigeria: Gender as a moderator," World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.8, Issue.1, pp.9-17, 2020.
[32] R.M. Morgan, S.D. Hunt, “The Commitment-trust Theory of Relationship Marketing,” Journal of Marketing, Vol.58, Issue.July, pp.20–38, 1994.
[33] E. Park, K.J. Kim, “What Drives “Customer Loyalty”? The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility,” Sustainable Development, Vol.27, Issue.3, pp.304–311, 2019.
[34] O.A. Mascarenhas, R. Kesavan, M. Bernacchi, “Lasting Customer Loyalty: A Total Customer Experience Approach,” Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol.23, Issue.7, pp.397–405, 2006.
[35] J.E. Swan, M.R. Bowers, L.D. Richardson, “Customer Trust in the Salesperson: An Integrative Review and Meta-Analysis of the Empirical Literature,” Journal of Business Research, Vol.44, Issue.2, pp.93–107, 1999.
[36] F.F. Reichheld, P. Schefter, “E-loyalty Your Secret Weapon on the Web,” Harvard Business Review, Vol.78, Issue.4, pp.105–113, 2000.
[37] G.T. Lau, S.H. Lee, “Consumers’ Trust in a Brand and the Link to Brand Loyalty,” Journal of Market Focused Management, Vol.4, Issue.1999, pp.341–370, 1999.
[38] A.B. Carroll, “Evolution of a Definitional Construct,” Business & Society, Vol.38, Issue.3, pp.268–295, 1999.
[39] J.J. Cronin, M.K. Brady, G.T.M. Hult, “Assessing the Effects of Quality, Value, and Customer Satisfaction on Consumer Behavioral Intentions in Service Environments,” Journal of Retailing, Vol.76, Issue.2, Vol.193–218, 2000.
[40] V.A. Zethaml, L.L. Berry, A. Parasuraman, “The Behaviroral Consequences of Service Quality,” Journal of Marketing, Vol.60, Issue.2, pp.31–46, 1996.
[41] B.M. Byrne, “Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS. In: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming. Routledge, New York, 2010.
[42] J.C. Anderson, D.W. Gerbing, “Structural Equation Modeling in Practice?: A Review and Recommended Two Step Approach,” Psychological Bulletin, Vol.103, Issue.3, pp.411–423, 1988.
[43] J.F. Hair, W.C. Black, B. Black, B.J. Babin, R.E. Anderson, “Multivariate Data Analysis,” Pearson Education Limited, 2014.
[44] J.B.E.M. Steenkamp, H.C.M. van Trijp, “The Use of Iisrel in Validating Marketing Constructs,” International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol.8, Issue.4, pp.283–299, 1991.
[45] C. Fornell, D.F. Larcker, “Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and.Measurement Errors,” Journal of Marketing Research, Vol.XVIII, Issue.February, pp.39–50, 1981.
[46] R.P. Bagozzi, Y. Yi, “On the Evaluation of Structural Equation Models,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol.16, Issue.1, pp.74–94, 1988.
[47] J. Cohen, “Statistical Power Analysis,” Current Directions in Psychological Science, Vol.1, Issue.3, pp.98–101, 1992.
[48] S. Macho, T. Ledermann, “Estimating, Testing, and Comparing Specific Effects in Structural Equation Models: The Phantom Model Approach,” Psychological Methods, Vol.16, Issue.1, pp.34–43, 2011.Citation
Asela R. Kumara, B.S. Habaragoda, "Corporate Social Responsibility and Patient Loyalty in Private Healthcare Services," World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.1-8, 2022 -
Open Access Article
Thomas U. Omali, Gabriel O. Agada, Kebiru Umoru, Joseph Obera
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJM)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.9-15, Sep-2022
Abstract
Urban farming is a food production strategy that has existed since ancient times to secure supplementary food supplies, particularly for the urban populace. The increasing demand for sustenance and jobs among urban dwellers attracts many metropolitan residents towards urban farming for food, income and other household necessities. Nevertheless, enough recognition has not been given to urban agriculture in developing nations, especially at the policy level. Improving urban agronomic activities requires frequent monitoring in space and time. Thus, this research is focused on spatiotemporal appraisal of urban agriculture in Abuja Metropolitan area with an emphasis on crop area. We used time-series satellite data from the Landsat sensor for the classification of LULC over Abuja Municipal Area Council. We also used questionnaires to gather socioeconomic data about the location of the study. The outcomes from the study indicate an increase in urban agricultural practice in Abuja Municipal Area Council of the FCT, Abuja-Nigeria.Key-Words / Index Term
Crop area, farming, food security, satellite data, urbanizationReferences
[1] United Nations, “World Population to 2300,” Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, New York, 2004.
[2] United Nations, “World urbanization prospects: The 2014 revision,” United Nations, New York, 2014.
[3] A.P. Celik, R. Zyman, R. Mahdi (eds.), “Sustainable Urbanization in the Information Age,” Department of Economic and Social Affairs Division for Public Administration and Development Management, United Nations, ST/ESA/ PAD/SER.E/137, New York, 2009.
[4] K.C. Seto, B. G¨uneralp, L.R. Hutyra, “Global Forecasts of Urban Expansion to 2030 and Direct Impacts on Biodiversity and Carbon Pools,” Proc. Natl Acad. Sci., Vol.109, pp.16083–16088, 2012.
A. Metu, K. Okeyika, O. Maduka, “Achieving Sustainable Food Security in Nigeria: Challenges and Way Forward,” In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on African Development Issues (ICAD, 2016), Otta, Nigeria, pp.143-148, 2016.
[5] M. Ravallion, S. Chen, P. Sangraula, “New Evidence on the Urbanization of Global Poverty,” Popul. Dev. Rev., Vol.33, pp.667–701, 2007.
[6] I. Matuschke, “Rapid Urbanization and Food Security: Using Food Density Maps to Identify Future Food Security Hotspots Rapid Urbanization and Food Security.” Paper for the International Association of Agricultural Economists Conference (IAAEC), Beijing, China, 2009.
[7] H. Fudjumdjum, W.L. Filho, Y.A. Desalegn, “Assessment of Barriers to Food Security in North-Eastern Nigeria,” In: W.H. Filho (ed.). Handbook of Climate Change Resilience. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp.1019-1033, 2019. Available from https://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-319-93336-8_99
[8] K. Bohn, A. Viljoen, “The Edible City: Envisioning the Continuous Productive Urban Landscape (CPUL),” Field Journal, Vol.4, Issue.1, pp.149–161, 2011.
[9] A. Drescher, R. Holmer, R. Glaser, C. Richert, “Understanding Urban and Peri-urban Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems through GIS-based Community Food Mapping as Part of an Interactive Collaborative Research Environment in Southeast Asia—An outlook,” In SEAVEG 2012: High Value Vegetables in Southeast Asia: Production, Supply and Demand, The World vegetable Center: Chiang Mai, Thailand, p.272, 2013.
[10] R.O. Kareem, K. A. Raheem, “A Review of Urban Agriculture as a Tool for Building Food Security in Nigeria: Challenges and Policy Options,” J. Sust. Dev. Afr., Vol.14, Issue.3, pp.2012.
[11] H. De Zeeuw, “Cities, Climate Change and Urban Agriculture,” Urban Agriculture Magazine, Vol.25, pp.39–42, 2011.
[12] A.L. Thebo, P. Drechsel, E.F. Lambin, “Global Assessment of Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture: Irrigated and Rainfed Croplands,” Environ. Res. Lett., Vol.9, p.114002, 2014. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/114002
[13] A.J. Hamilton, K. Burry, H.-F. Mok, S.F. Barker, J.R. Grove, V.G. Williamson, “Give Peas a Chance? Urban Agriculture in Developing Countries: A Review,” Agron. Sust. Dev., Vol.34, pp.45–73, 2013.
[14] M.A. Altieri, N. Companioni, K. Cañizares, C. Murphy, P. Rosset, M. Bourque, C.I. Nicholls, “The Greening of the ‘Barrios’: Urban Agriculture for Food Security in Cuba,” Agric. Human Values, Vol.16, pp.131–40, 1999.
[15] E. Bryld, “Potentials, Problems, and Policy Implications for Urban Agriculture in Developing Countries,” Agric Human Values, Vol.20, pp.79–86, 2003.
[16] H.-F. Mok, V.G. Williamson, J.R. Grove, K. Burry, S.F. Barker, A.J. Hamilton, “Strawberry Fields Forever? Urban Agriculture in Developed Countries: A Review,” Agron. Sust. Dev., Vol.34, pp.21–43, 2013.
[17] F. Orsini, R. Kahane, R. Nono-Womdim, G. Gianquinto, “Urban Agriculture in the Developing World: A Review,” Agron. Sust. Dev., Vol.33, pp.695–720, 2013.
[18] FAO, “Growing Greener Cities in Latin America and the Caribbean:,” An FAO report on urban and peri-urban agriculture in the region. Rome, 2014. Available from http://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
[19] M.D. Houessou, M. van de Louw, B.G.J.S. Sonneveld, “What Constraints the Expansion of Urban Agriculture in Benin?,” Sustainability, Vol.12, pp.5774, 2020. doi:10.3390/su12145774
[20] R.A. Olawepo, “Food Security and Challenges of Urban Agriculture in the third World Countries,” In A. Aladjadjiyan (Ed.), Food Production - Approaches, Challenges and Tasks. InTech., 2012. Available from http://doi.org/10.5772/52807
[21] K.G.P.K. Weerakoon, “Suitability Analysis for Urban Agriculture Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Evaluation,” Int. J. Agric. Sci. Technol., Vol.2, Issue.2, 2014. doi: 10.14355/ijast.2014.0302.03
[22] A. Ola, “Building a Food-resilient City through Urban Agriculture: The Case of Ilorin, Nigeria. Town and Regional Planning, Vol.77, pp. 89-102, 2020. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18820/2415-0495/trp77i1.7
[23] G. Feola, M. Sahakian, C.R. Binder, “Sustainability Assessment of Urban Agriculture, ” In: C.R. Binder, R. Wyss, E. Massaro, (Eds.) Sustainability Assessment of Urban Systems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp.417-437, 2020.
[24] P. Clerino, A. Fargue-Lelièvre, “Formalizing Objectives and Criteria for Urban Agriculture Sustainability with a Participatory Approach,” Sustainability, Vol.12, pp.7503, 2020. doi:10.3390/su12187503
[25] I.N. Ngahdiman, R. Terano, Z. Mohamed, J. Sharifuddin, “Factors Affecting Urban Dwellers to Practice Urban Agriculture,” Int. J. Adv. Res, Vol.5, Issue.7, pp.1580-1587.
[26] C. Aubry, N. Manouchehri, “Urban Agriculture and Health: Assessing Risks and Overseeing Practices,” Field Actions Science Reports, Special Issue. 20, 2019. Available from http://journals.openedition.org/factsreports/5854
[27] T.U. Omali, “Ecological Evaluation of Urban Heat Island Impacts in Abuja Municipal Area of FCT Abuja, Nigeria,” World Academic Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.66-72, 2020.
[28] X. Chen, L. Vierling, D. Deering, “A Simple and Effective Radiometric Correction Method to Improve Landscape Change Detection across Sensors and across Time,” Remote Sens. Environ., Vol.98, Issue.1, pp.63–79, 2005.
[29] L. Cui, G. Li, H. Ren, L. He, H. Liao, N. Ouyang, Y. Zhang, “Assessment of atmospheric correction methods for Historical Landsat TM Images in the Coastal Zone: A Case Study in Jiangsu, China,” Euro. J. Remote Sens., Vol.47, pp.701–716, 2014.
[30] P. Fisher, “The Pixel: A Snare and a Delusion,” Int. J. Remote Sens., Vol.18, Issue.15, pp.679–685, 1997.
[31] J.R. Anderson, “Land Use Classification Schemes used in selected recent geographic applications of Remote Sensing,” Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, Vol.37, Issue.4, pp.379-387, 1971.
[32] B. Manisha, G. Chitra, N. Umrikar., “Image Classification Tool For Land Use/ Land Cover Analysis: A Comparative Study of Maximum Likelihood and Minimum Distance Method,” Int. J. Geo. Earth. Environ., Vol.6, pp.189-96, 2012.
[33] H.G. Lewis, M. Brown, “A Generalized Confusion Matrix for Assessing Area Estimates from Remotely Sensed Data,” Int. J. Remote Sens., Vol.22, pp.3223–3235, 2001.
[34] G.M. Foody, “Status of Land Cover Classification Accuracy Assessment,” Remote Sens. Environ., Vol.80, pp.185–201, 2002.
[35] P.S. Thenkabail, M. Schull, H. Turral, “Ganges and Indus River Basin Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) and Irrigated Area Mapping using Continuous Streams of MODIS data,” Remote Sens. Environ., Vol.95, pp.317–341, 2005.
[36] S.L.S. Lekha, S.S. Kumar, “Classification and Mapping of Land Use Land Cover Change in Kanyakumari District with Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques,” Int J Appl Eng Res., Vol.13, Issue.1, pp.158–66, 2018. Available from: http://www.ripublication.com
[37] M.A.Y. Rahji, S.A. Fakayode, “A Multinomial Logit Analysis of Agricultural Credit Rationing by Commercial Banks in Nigeria,’’ International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Vol.24, Issue.1, pp.91-92, 2009.
[38] S.I. Umar, M.A. Ndanitsa, S.R. Olaleye, “Adoption of Improved Rice Production Technologies Among Youth Farmers in Gbako Local Government Area, Niger State,’’ Journal of Agricultural Extension, Vol.13, Issue.1, pp.1-8, 2009.
[39] I.S. Umar, U. Mohammed, “Enhancing agricultural production through improved rice variety adoption in Niger State, Nigeria,’’ In: Gambari, A.I., Okwori, R.O., Umar, I.Y., Gana, C.S. and Koroka, M.U.S. (eds) Enhancing Science and Technology Education in a Dwindling Economy. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference of School of Science and Technology Education, held at Federal University of Technology Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. 3rd – 6th October, pp.83-88, 2017.
[40] P. Dennery, “Urban Agriculture in Informal Settlements: How can it contribute to poverty alleviation? ,’’ Agriculture and Rural Development, Vol.4, Issue.2, pp. 46-48, 1997.Citation
Thomas U. Omali, Gabriel O. Agada, Kebiru Umoru, Joseph Obera, "Spatial and Temporal Appraisal of Urban Agriculture in Abuja Metropolis using Biophysical and Socioeconomic Indicators," World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.9-15, 2022 -
Open Access Article
Exploring the Transformational Leadership Style in the Field of Nursing
Ana Luiza Ferreira Aydogdu
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJM)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.16-21, Sep-2022
Abstract
Nursing leadership directly affects the success of health institutions, as attitudes of nurse leaders will reflect on staff nurses’ job satisfaction and, consequently, on the quality of care. It is necessary to emphasize that care is the basic talent of nursing, therefore, when performing their duties as leaders; nurses must focus on their main objective, which is to guarantee the quality of care. Nurse managers can adopt several leadership styles while leading their teams, but transformational leadership seems to be the most suitable for nurses. The purpose of this study was to explore the transformational leadership style in the field of nursing. This is a bibliographical and descriptive study. Search for articles was conducted in the Scopus database using the descriptors: “Transformational leadership” and “Nursing” using the Boolean Operator “AND”. A total of 12 articles were included. Transformational leaders are innovative, creative, and visionary; they seek to empower their followers through personal and professional development. Staff nurses and nurse managers get more satisfied when transformational leadership is adopted. It was observed that nurses who received more training in leadership are more supporters of transformational leadership practices. Thus, nurses should receive adequate leadership training in nursing schools and the subject should also be addressed in continuing education programs in health institutions.Key-Words / Index Term
Nurse Managers, Nursing, Transformational Leadership, Health Institutions.References
[1] J. M. Ahmed, and S. Moosafintavida, “The role of leadership in an emergency: building and supporting believe in times of uncertainty – A review,” WAJM., Vol. 9, Issue. 1, pp. 31–34, 2021.
[2] F. Kiwanuka, R. C. Nayonga, N. Sak-Dankosky, P. A. Muwanguzi, and T. Kvist, “Nursing leadership styles and their impact on intensive care unit quality measures. An integrative review. J. Nurs. Mang., Vol. 29, Issue. 2, pp. 133–142, 2021.
[3] A. A. Moura, A., Bernardes, A. P. Balsanelli, A. C. B. Zanetti, and C. S. Gabriel. “Liderança e satisfação no trabalho da enfermagem: revisão integrativa (Leadership and nursing work satisfaction: an integrative review),” Acta Paul. Enferm., Vol. 30, Issue. 4, pp. 442–450, 2017.
[4] S. A. Fischer, “Transformational leadership in nursing: a concept analysis,” J. Adv. Nurs., Vol. 72, Issue. 11, pp. 2644–2653, 2016.
[5] M. L. Specchia et al., “Leadership styles and nurses’ job satisfaction. Results of a systematic review,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, Vol. 18, Issue. 4, p. 1552, 2021.
[6] T. S. Hariyatia, and S. Safril, “The relationship between nurses’ job satisfaction and continuing professional development,” Enferm. Clin., Vol. 27, Issue. Suppl. Part I, pp. 144–148, 2017.
[7] R. T. Perkins, S. Bamgbade, and L. Bourdeanu, “Nursing leadership roles and its influence on the millennial psychiatric nurses’ job satisfaction and intent to leave,” J. Am. Psychiatr. Nurses Assoc., p. 1078390320979615, 2020.
[8] S. Duygulu, and S. Basaran Acil. U. T. Baykal, and E. E. Turkmen (Eds.), “Hemsirelikte yonetim”, Akademi Publisher, Turkey, pp. 151–182, 2022. Turkish.
[9] O. Akanbi, “Leadership and the performance of Humanitarian Aid Organizations (HAOs) in North-East Nigeria,” WAJM., Vol. 9, Issue. 3, pp. 18–26, 2021.
[10] C. C. Silva, R. R. N. Ferraz, A. S. Barnabé, S. U. L. Fonseca, A. L. Ramos, A. A. Evengelista, A. A. Fornari, and D. P. Arçari, “A influência dos estilos de liderança no comportamento da equipe de enfermagem (The influence of leadership styles in the behavior of the nursing staff),” Gestão em Foco pp. 290–298, 2016.
[11] A. P. Balsanelli, and I. C. K. O. Cunha, “Ambiente de trabalho e a liderança do enfermeiro: uma revisão integrativa (The work environment and leadership in nursing: an integrative review),” Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP., Vol. 48, Issue. 5, pp. 938–943, 2014.
[12] L. J. Labrague, C. E. Nwafor, and K. Tsaras, “Influence of toxic and transformational leadership practices on nurses’ job satisfaction, job stress, absenteeism and turnover intention: A cross-sectional study,” J. Nurs. Manag., Vol. 28, Issue. 5, pp. 1104–1113, 2020.
[13] J. Lea, I. Doherty, L. Reede, and C. B. Mahoney, “Predictors of burnout, job satisfaction, and turnover among CRNAs during COVID-19 surging,” AANA J., Vol. 90, Issue. 2, pp. 141–147, 2022.
[14] A. Ngabonzima, D. Asingizwe, and K. Kouveliotis, “Influence of nurse and midwife managerial leadership styles on job satisfaction, intention to stay, and services provision in selected hospitals of Rwanda,” BMC Nurs., Vol. 19, Issue. 1, 2020.
[15] F. Uslu Sahan and F. Terzioglu, “Transformational leadership practices of nurse managers: the effects on the organizational commitment and job satisfaction of staff nurses,” Leadersh. Health Serv. (Bradf. Engl.), Vol. ahead-of-print, no. ahead-of-print, 2022.
[16] J. Buchan, S. H. Catton, and F. Shaffer, “Sustain and retain in 2022 and beyond: the global nursing workforce and the Covid-19 pandemic.” ICNM-International Centre on Nurse Migration, USA, pp. 13–29, 2022.
[17] E. A. Birnie, “Spiritual leaders can retain nurses,” J. Nurs. Manag., Vol. 27, Issue. 7, pp. 1563–1567, 2019.
[18] A. Dewanto and V. Wardhani, “Nurse turnover and perceived causes and consequences: a preliminary study at private hospitals in Indonesia,” BMC Nurs., Vol. 17, Issue. Suppl 2, p. 52, 2018.
[19]A. Parro Moreno et al., “Influence of socio-demographic, labour and professional factors on nursing perception concerning practice environment in Primary Health Care,” Aten. Primaria, Vol. 45, Issue. 9, pp. 476–485, 2013.
[20] P. D. Azevedo, V. D. Azevedo, E. M. Nunes, S. X. Oliveira, J. C. A. Camboim, and F. E. F. Camboim. “Aspectos de motivação na equipe de enfermagem e sua influência na qualidade da assistência (Motivational aspects in nursing teams and their influence on the quality of the service provided),” Temas em Saúde, Vol. 16, Issue. 2, pp. 498–517, 2016.
[21] N. Goktepe, B. Yalçin, E. Turkmen, U. Dirican, and M. Aydin, “The relationship between nurses’ work-related variables, colleague solidarity and job motivation,” J. Nurs. Manag., Vol. 28, Issue. 3, pp. 514–521, 2020.
[22] M. Silva. “A importância da motivação no trabalho da enfermagem: o papel do enfermeiro (The importance of nursing job motivation: nurse’s role,” Enfermagem Brasil, Vol. 12, Issue. 3, pp. 185-190, 2013.
[23] K. Iqbal, T. Fatima, and M. Naveed, “The impact of transformational leadership on nurses’ organizational commitment: a multiple mediation model,” Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ., Vol. 10, Issue. 1, pp. 262–275, 2019.
[24] A. S. Sousa, G. S. Oliveira, and L. H. Alves, “A pesquisa bibliográfica: princípios e fundamentos (Bibliographic research: principles and Fundamentals), Cadernos da Fucamp, Vol.20, Issue.43, pp.64–83, 2021.
[25] S. Sahin, and J. Mete, “A brief study on descriptive research: its nature and application in social science,” IJHAR., Vol. 1, Issue. 1, pp. 23–33, 2021.
[26] A. Bowles, and N. B. Bowles, “A comparative study of transformational leadership in nursing development units and conventional clinical settings,” J. Nurs. Manag., Vol. 8, pp. 69–76, 2000.
[27] J. T. Clavelle, K. Drenkard, S. Tullai-McGuinness, and J. J. Fitzpatrick, “Transformational leadership practices of chief nursing officers in Magnet Organizations,” JONA, Vol. 42, Issue. 4, pp. 195–201, 2012.
[28] S. Devi, M. Mistry, P. Yadav, M. Suli, and P. Kamble, “Transformational Leadership Educational Bundle for Nursing Supervisors and Nurses in-Charges and its Impact on Clinical Performances of the Nurses in the Labour Room,” Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Vol. 14, Issue. 4, pp. 3821–3829, 2020.
[29] V. B. Ferreira, S. C. Amestoy, G. T. R. da Silva, L. de L. Trindade, I. A. R. D. Santos, and P. A. G. Varanda, “Transformational leadership in nursing practice: challenges and strategies,” Rev. Bras. Enferm., Vol. 73, Issue. 6, p. e20190364, 2020.
[30] Z. Gong, and M. Li, “Relationship between nursing mentorship and transformational leadership of mentor: A cross-sectional study,” J. Nurs. Manag., vol. 30, Issue. 2, pp. 413–420, 2022.
[31] S. Herman, M. Gish, and R. Rosenblum, “Effects of nursing position on transformational leadership practices,” JONA, Vol. 45, Issue. 2, pp. 113–119, 2015.
[32] J. Jing, E. Niyomsilp, L. Xie, H. Jiang, and R. Li, “Effect of transformational leadership on nursing informatics competency of Chinese nurses: The intermediary function of innovation self-efficacy,” Stud. Health Technol. Inform., Vol. 284, pp. 275–279, 2021.
[33] P.-Y. Lin, S. MacLennan, N. Hunt, and T. Cox, “The influences of nursing transformational leadership style on the quality of nurses’ working lives in Taiwan: a cross-sectional quantitative study,” BMC Nurs., Vol. 14, Issue. 1, p. 33, 2015.
[34] S. E. Moon, P. J. Van Dam, and A. Kitsos, “Measuring transformational leadership in establishing nursing care excellence,” Healthcare (Basel), Vol. 7, Issue. 4, p. 132, 2019.
[35] E. J. Ross, J. J. Fitzpatrick, E. R. Click, H. J. Krouse, J. T. Clavelle, “Transformational leadership practices of nurse leaders in professional nursing associations,” JONA, Vol. 44, Issue. 4, pp. 201–206, 2014.
[36] X. Wu et al., “Positive spiritual climate supports transformational leadership as means to reduce nursing burnout and intent to leave,” J. Nurs. Manag., Vol. 28, Issue. 4, pp. 804–813, 2020.
[37] Y. Xie, D. Gu, C. Liang, S. Zhao, and Y. Ma, “How transformational leadership and clan culture influence nursing staff’s willingness to stay,” J. Nurs. Manag., Vol. 28, Issue. 7, pp. 1515–1524, 2020.
[38] J. C. O. Mattos, and A. P. Balsanelli, “A liderança do enfermeiro na atenção primária à saúde: revisão integrativa (Nurses’ leadership in primary health care: and integrative review), Enferm. Foco, Vol. 10, Issue. 4, pp. 164–171, 2019.
[39] E. Maxwell, “Good leadership in nursing: what is the most effective approach?” Nursing Times [online], Vol.113, Issue. 9, pp. 18–21, 2017.
[40] M. M. Pena and M. M. Melleiro, “Degree of satisfaction of users of a private hospital,” Acta Paul. Enferm., Vol. 25, Issue. 2, pp. 197–203, 2012.
[41] P. F. Levandovski, M. A. D. S. Lima, and A. M. Acosta, “Patient satisfaction with nursing care in an emergency service,” Invest. Educ. Enferm., Vol. 33, Issue. 3, pp. 473–481, 2015.
[42] S. Kumar, and P. Rinu, “Leadership skills for nurses,” JOJ Nursing e Health Care, Vol. 8, Issue. 5, p. 555747, 2018.
[43] B. G. Martins, L. M. C. e. Silva, B. R. B. dos S. Capaccioli, V. R. Neves, and A. P. Balsanelli, “Development and validation of a leadership training program for nurses,” Texto Contexto Enferm., Vol. 28, p. e20180048, 2019.
[44] S. C. Amestoy, L. de L. Trindade, G. T. R. da Silva, B. P. dos Santos, V. R. dos S. S. Reis, and V. B. Ferreira, “Leadership in nursing: from teaching to practice in a hospital environment,” Esc. Anna Nery, Vol. 21, Issue. 4, pp. 1–7, 2017.
[45] L. P. Souza e Souza et al., “Os desafios do recém-graduado em Enfermagem no mundo do trabalho (The challenges of newly-graduated in Nursing in the world of work)”, Rev. Cubana Enferm., Vol. 30, Issue. 1, pp. 4–18, 2015.
[46] H. Öztürk and I. Kahriman, “The opinions of nurse students regarding leadership in nursing,” Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci., Vol. 93, pp. 111–115, 2013.
[47] H. A. A. Tenório et al., “Gestão e gerenciamento de enfermagem: perspectivas de atuação do discente (Nursing management and administration perspectives of student performance),” Rev. Enferm. UFPE On Line, Vol. 13, 2019.Citation
Ana Luiza Ferreira Aydogdu, "Exploring the Transformational Leadership Style in the Field of Nursing," World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.16-21, 2022 -
Open Access Article
Hannatu Tsok Audu, Joshua Solomon Adeyele
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJM)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.22-27, Sep-2022
Abstract
Microfinance banks (MFBs) were created to provide credits to low-income workers, the poor, small businesses and household traders. This role has brought about credit risk exposure upon the MFBs which has led to financial distress and bankruptcy in most cases. As such, this study sought to contribute in addressing this issue by assessing the interaction of mitigation techniques of MFBs with optimum loan amount. Both primary (169 sampled staff) and secondary (credit default rates ranging 1-10 years) data were collected from MFBs in Plateau state to test three research hypotheses. These data were analyzed using multiple regression models and simple percentages on SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science). The results revealed that mitigation technique is positively and significantly related with microfinance risk exposure, and that optimum loan amount did not moderate mitigation technique and microfinance risk exposure relationship. It equally resolved that the credit risk of the few microfinance banks in Plateau state resulting in 16.17% is not better than the 6.02% earlier established for Nigeria by the World Bank in 2020. The study was found to strengthen the assumptions of asymmetric information theories, but did not align with the theory of optimum financial structure as optimum loan amount could not moderate the existing relationship. Nevertheless, practitioners were advised to take the issue of optimum loan amount serious and also use it as a mediator, since it shows the potential of reducing credit risk exposure in the model.Key-Words / Index Term
Mitigation Technique, Optimum Loan Amount, Microfinance Risk Exposure, Credit DefaultReferences
[1] K. Kil, R. Ciukaj, J. Chrzanoswska, “Scoring models and credit risk: The case of cooperative banks in Poland”, Risks, Vol. 9, No. 132, pp. 1-15, 2021.
[2] A. Shndula, S. Mazhar, “Credit risk mitigation techniques of banks”, Journal Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, Vol. 7, No., 2, pp. 404-406, 2020.
[3] E.A. Jackson, E. Tamuke, “Credit risk management and the financial performance of domiciled banks in Sierra Leone: an empirical analysis”, ?ktisat Politikas? Ara?t?rmalar? Dergisi - Journal of Economic Policy Researches, vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 139-164, 2022.
[4] O. Olabamiji, O. Michael, “Credit management practices and bank performance: Evidence from First Bank”, Vol. 1, No., 1, pp. 1-10, 2018.
[5] S. Otieno, M.O. Nyagol, A.A. Onditi, “Empirical analysis on relationship between Liquidity risk management and financial performance of microfinance banks in Kenya”, Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 7, pp. 129-151, 2016.
[6] D. Bulbul, H. Hakenes, C. Lambert, “What influences banks’ choice of credit risk management practice? Theory and Evidence”, Journal of Financial Stability, Vol. 40, No., 1, pp. 1-14, 2019.
[7] T.A. Kasali, F. Fashanu, “Nexus between credit management and financial performance in the financial institutions in Nigeria”, Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 11, No., 3, pp. 36-42, 2020.
[8] A. Kagoyire, J. Shukla, “Effect of credit management on performance of commercial banks in Rwanda (A case study of equity bank Rwanda Ltd)”, International Journal of Business and Management Review, Vol. 4, No. 4, pp.1-12, 2016.
[9] B.K. Gupt, M.I. Ahamed, M. Phukon, “Optimum stratification for an auxiliary variable optimum allocation under superpopulation model”, Advances and Application in Statistics, Vol. 27, No., 1, pp. 1-20, 2021.
[10]. J. Peng, Z. Zhou, “Working capital optimization in a supply chain perspective”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 277, pp. 846–56, 2019.
[11] A.O. Akinola, “The influence of credit control on non-performing loan in deposit money banks (A survey of First Bank, United Bank for Africa and Union Bank of Nigeria)”, Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, Vol. 9, No., 14, pp. 127-138, 2018.
[12] J.S. Adeyele, O.F. Osemene, “Small and medium enterprises` risk exposures and mitigation approaches in Nigeria”, The Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance, Vol. 20, Issue 1, pp. 21-42, 2018.
[13]. D.K. Kipyego, M. Wandera, “Effects of Credit Information Sharing on Nonperforming Loans: The Case of Kenya Commercial Bank, Kenya”, European Scientific Journal, Vol. 9, No. 13, 2013.
[14] I. Shahbaz, “The impact of global financial accounting crisis on the value relevance of accounting information”, World Academics Journal of Management, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 08-17, 2019.
[15] J.Y. Lin, X. Sun, Y. Jiang, “Towards a Theory of Optimum Financial Structure”, World Bank Policy Research Paper 5038 on Development Economic, pp. 1-29, 2009.
[16] A. AL-Zararee, N.A. Almasria, Q.A. Alawaqleh, “The effect of working capital management and credit management policy on Jordanian banks’ financial performance”, Banks and Bank Systems, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 229-239, 2021.
[17] J.M. Kamotho, C. Njoka, “Credit lending policies and financial performance of Islamic banks in Kenya”, International Academic Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 3, No. 7, pp. 488-510, 2022.
[18] E. Munangi, A.B. Sibindi, “An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Credit Risk on the Financial Performance of South African Banks”, Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies Journal, Vol. 24, pp. 1-15, 2020.
[19] H. Gambo, A.J. Bambale, M.A. Ibrahim, S.A. Sulaiman, “Credit Risk Management and Financial Performance of Quoted Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria”, Journal of Finance, Accounting and Management, Vol. 10, Issue 1, pp. 26-42, 2019.
[20] C.E. Nwude, C. Okeke, “Impact of credit risk management on the performance of selected Nigerian banks”, International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Vol. 8, No., 2, pp.287-297, 2018.
[21] D.P. McKinnon, “Integrating mediators and moderators in research design”, Res Soc Work Prac, Vol. 21, Issue, 6, pp. 675-681, 2011.
[22] J.W. Creswell, “Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach (4th ed.)”, SAGE Publications, Thousand Oaks, California, 2014.
[23] T. Yamane, “Statistics, an introduction analysis (2nd ed.)”, Hamper and Row, 1967.
[24] C.R. Kathori, “Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques (2nd ed.)”, New Age International Publishers, New Delhi, 2004.
[25] H. Al-Tamimi, F.M. Al-Mazrooei, “Banks` risk management: a comparison study of UAE national and foreign banks”, The Journal of Risk Finance, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 394-409, 2007.
[26] K.Y. Ibrahim, M. Usaini, S. Elijah, “Working capital management and business performance”, Nigerian Journal of Marketing, Vol. 7, No., 1, pp. 1-18, 2021.
[27] R.H. Setianto, R.S. Sipayung, W.N.W. Azman-Saini, “Working capital financing and corporate profitability in the ASEAN region: The role of financial development”, Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 51-64, 2022.
[28] H. Abu-Hussain, J. Al-Ajmi, “Risk management practices of conventional and Islamic banks in Bahrain”, The Journal of Risk Finance, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 215-239, 2012.
[29] J.F. Hair, W.C. Black, B.J. Babin, R.E. Anderson, “Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.)”, Pearson Education International publishers, Upper saddle River, New Jersey, 2010.
[30] A.F. Hayes, “Partial, conditional, and moderated-mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation,” Communication Monographs, Vol. 85, No., 1, pp. 4–40, 2018a.
[31] M. Usman, B. Balarebe, A.M. Maiwada, A.I. Bala, “The impact of cash management on profitability of the Nigerian oil and gas industry (downstream)”, World Academics Journal of Management, Vol. 7, Issue 2, pp. 18-24, 2019.Citation
Hannatu Tsok Audu, Joshua Solomon Adeyele, "Mitigation Technique and Microfinance Risk Exposure: The Role of Optimum Loan Amount in Plateau State – Nigeria," World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.22-27, 2022 -
Open Access Article
A Brief Comparison of Health Tourism in Brazil and Turkey
Ana Luiza Ferreira Aydogdu, Kamil Ahmet Kose
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJM)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.28-34, Sep-2022
Abstract
Since ancient times, human beings have migrated from one region to another. One of the reasons for this migration is tourism. Health tourism is among the various types of tourism and represents an important activity for the economy of several countries. Brazil and Turkey are examples of countries that have gained prominence in the sector in recent years. This study aimed to compare health tourism in Brazil and Turkey. This is a descriptive and analytical study written by the authors as a master’s dissertation. It is based on a large literature review about health tourism in Brazil and Turkey. Scientific articles and also documents prepared by the Brazilian and Turkish governments were used. The SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis was performed to comprehensively assess the situation of health tourism in the two countries. Subsequently, a SWOT analysis matrix was established and recommendations were provided to empower health tourism in Brazil and Turkey. The two countries have many similar points regarding positive and negative factors that influence health tourism. Brazil and Turkey are famous for their natural beauty; summer, cultural, and historical tourism. Both countries have the potential to grow in the health tourism sector, but for that, it is necessary to solve obstacles related mainly to the lack of organization and coordination between the services involved in health tourism activities, in addition, attention must be paid to barriers that arise due to the lack of knowledge of foreign languages and the negative image of both countries abroad.Key-Words / Index Term
Brazil, Health Facilities, Health Tourism, SWOT Analysis, Turkey.References
[1] S. Gumus, and N. Polat, “Saglik turizminde pazarlama degiskenlerine bir bakis ve Istanbul ornegi,” Hiperlink, Turkey, 2012. Turkish
[2] D. Tengilimoglu, “Saglik Turizmi,” Siyasal Kitabevi, Turkey, 2017. Turkish
[3] D. T. Mukonto, and C. Jian, “Study on the relationship between tourism and the performance of the Zimbabwean economy,” WAJM, Vol.8, Issue.2, pp.18–21, 2020
[4] J. Guimarães Santos, and G. Ataíde Cândido, “Atividades turísticas e indicadores de sustentabilidade: Um estudo em um destino turístico brasileiro [Tourism activities and sustainability indicators: a study in a Brazilian tourist destiny,” PASOS Rev. Tur. Patrim. Cult., Vol. 16, Issue. 1, pp. 37–54, 2018.
[5] C. Aksoy, and S. Yilmaz, “Saglik turistlerinin hastaneleri terchi etme kriterleri: yonetici gorusleri [Criteria of health tourists to choose hospitals: executive opinions],” Saglik ve Sosyal Refah Arastirmalari Dergisi., Vol. 1, Issue. 2, pp. 27–37, 2019.
[6] D. Kurçer, and M. Ci?velek, “The determination of the status of turkey in the medical tourism market in accordance with the demands of health tourists,” Uluslararas? Türk Dünyas? Turizm Ara?t?rmalar? Dergisi, Vol. 7, Issue. 1, pp. 27–42, 2022.
[7] A. Bulut and H. ?engül, “Dunyada ve Turkiye de saglik turizmi [Health Tourism in Turkey and The World],” J. bus. manag. econ. res., Vol. 3, Issue. 1, pp. 45–62, 2019.
[8] A. M. B. Castro, M. L. F. Villarraga, Á. L. R. Barreto, A. J. S. Victoria, and W. G. J. Barbosa, “Turismo en salud: una tendencia mundial que se abre paso en Colombia [Health tourism: a global trend making its way in Colombia],” Cienc. tecnol. para salud vis. ocul., Vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 125–137, 2011.
[9] H. Eris, and S. Barut. H. Eris (Ed.), “Saglik turizmi,” IKSAD Publishing House, Turkey, pp. 45 – 62, 2020. Turkish.
[10] U. Altin, G. Bektas, Z. Antep, and A. Irban, “Saglik turizmi ve uluslararas? hastalar için Turkiye pazari [Medical tourism and Turkish marketing for international patients],” Acibadem Univ. Saglik Bilim. Derg., Vol. 3, Issue. 3, pp. 157–163, 2012.
[11]C. Aktepe, “Saglik turizminde yeni firsatlar ve Turkiye’de yerlesik saglik isletmelerinin pazarlama cabalari [New opportunities and marketing efforts of healthcare companies in Turkey],” Isletme Arastirmalari Dergisi, Vol. 5. Issue. 1, pp. 170-188, 2013.
[12] H. O. Tontus, “Tum yonleriyle saglik turizm,” T.C. Saglik Bakanl???, Turkey, 2015. Turkish.
[13] M. Barca, E. Akdeve, and I. Gedik Balay, “Turkiye saglik turizm sektorunun analizi ve strateji onerileri [Strategic analysis of medical tourism in Turkey and strategy recommendations],” Isletme Arastirmalari Dergisi, Vol. 5, Issue. 3, pp. 64 – 92, 2013.
[14] V. D. Frozé, H. P. P. Gianotti, and P. S. P. Gianotti, “Considerações sobre o turismo de saúde na América Latina – serviços de primeiro mundo com preços de países emergentes? [Considerations of health tourism in Latin America – Services of first world prices of emerging countries],” Rev. Hosp., Vol. 7, Issue. 1, pp. 32–42, 2010.
[15] G. Kutlu, and T. Yildirim, “Brezilya saglik sisteminin degerlendirilmesi [Assessment of the Brazilian health System],” Pesa Int. J. Soc. Stud., Vol. 3, Issue. 2, pp. 148–171, 2017.
[16] OECD, “Country statistical profile: Brazil”, in Country statistical profiles: key tables from OECD, OECD Publishing, Paris, France, 2022.
[17] Brasil, “Turismo de sol e praia: orientações básicas,” Tourism Ministry, Brazil, 2010. Portuguese.
[18] O. P. Sales, A. F. B. Vieira, A. M. Martins, L. G. Garcia, and R. K. A. Ferreira, “O Sistema Unico de saúde: Desaf?os, avanços e debates em 30 anos de história [Brazilian Health System: Challenges, advances and discussions in 30 years of history],” Humanidades & Inovação, Vol. 6, Issue. 17, pp. 54–65, 2019.
[19] S. Sezgin, “Turkiye’de saglik turizminin uluslalarasi pazarlama temelinde incelenmesi [Investigation of health tourism on the basis of international marketing in Turkey],” Hitit Journal of Economics and Politics, Vol. 1, Issue. 1, pp. 32 – 53, 2021.
[20] H. Bostan and O. Sertkaya Dogan, “Turkiye’nin demografik donusumu ve nufus projeksiyonlarina gore firsatlar,” Dogu cograf. derg., Vol. 24, Issue. 41, pp. 61–90, 2019. Turkish.
[21] A. Kasapoglu, “Turkiye’de saglik hizmetlerinin donusumu [Transformation of health policies in Turkey],” JSR, Vol. 19, Issue. 2, p. 131, 2016.
[22] K. L. Ferreira, D. Schreiber, and D. P. Puffal, “Análise reflexiva do turismo em saúde à luz da inovação [Medical tourism analysis under the innovation perspective],” Rev. Bras. Pesqui. em Tur., vol. 10, Issue. 2, pp. 254–273, 2016.
[23] J. R. H. S. Soares, and A. C. V. Bezerra e Jan Bitoun, “Turismo de saúde no Brasil: aportes desde a produção acadêmica (2004-2020),” Metodologias e Aprendizado, Vol. 5, pp. 104–115, 2022. Portuguese.
[24] H. C. Ribeiro, and M. L. C. Baptista, “Porto alegre como cenário de turismo de saúde [Porto Alegre as health tourism scenario],” Temas em educ. saúde, Vol. 15, Issue. 2, pp. 291–312, 2019.
[25] A. S. M. Bessa, and K. Machado de Castro-simao, “Turismo de saúde e o empresariamento das metrópoles brasileiras [Health tour and brazilian metropolises’ entrepreneurialism],” Bitácora urbano territ., Vol. 27, Issue. 3, pp. 43–49, 2017.
[26] A. L. de M. Machado and M. A. Pontes Pinent, “O turismo de bem-estar como possibilidade de desenvolvimento de um cluster turístico: a proposta do Vale do Paranhana – Rio Grande do Sul [The tourism of welfare as a possibility of development of a tourist cluster: the proposal of the Paranhana Valley - Rio Grande do Sul],” Ágora, Vol. 19, Issue. 2, p. 54, 2017.
[27] U. Ustun, and Y. Demi?r Uslu, “Turkiye’nin saglik turizminde tercih edilme nedenleri uzerine bir calisma: medikal turizm endeksi, [A study on the reasons why turkey is preferred in health tourism: medical tourism index],” European Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 33, pp. 344-353, 2022.
[28] G. Kantar, and E. Isik, “Turkiye’de saglikk turizmi [Health tourism in Turkey],” Health Care Acad. J., Vol. 1, Issue. 1, pp. 15–20, 2014.
[29] H. O. Ari, “Turkiye’deki saglik turizmi politikalarinin, sektorel hedefler baglaminda mevcut durumunun degerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of the current situation of health tourism policies in turkey in the context of sectoral targets],” J. Tour. Gastron. Stud., Vol. 10, Issue. 1, pp. 571 – 588, 2022.
[30] S. Sahin, and J. Mete, “A brief study on descriptive research: its nature and application in social science,” IJHAR., Vol. 1, Issue. 1, pp. 23–33, 2021.
[31] L. P. Provost, “Analytical studies: a framework for quality improvement design and analysis,” BMJ Qual. Saf., Vol. 20, Issue. 1, pp. i92-6, 2011.
[32] E. Gurel, and M. Tat, “Swot analysis: a theoretical review,” J. Int. Soc. Res., Vol. 10, Issue. 51, pp. 994–1006, 2017.
[33] F. Colavitti, “Sombra água fresca e cirurgia: moradores de países ricos procuram tratamentos em nações pobres e impulsionam o turismo médico,” Revista Galileu, Vol. 169, 2005. Portuguese.
[34] Brasil, “Turismo de saúde: orientações básicas,” Tourism Ministry, Brazil, 2010. Portuguese.
[35] O. C. C. Dorneles, V. D. Frozé, M. A. Muzachi, and E. K. Wada (10-11 Sep 2009) “Reflexões sobre o Turismo de Saúde no Brasil e o Diferencial da Acreditação,” Presented at the VI Seminário da Associação Brasileira de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Turismo – Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, Brazil. Portuguese.
[36] O. Ozkan. Eris (Ed.), “Saglik turizmi,” IKSAD Publishing House, Turkey, pp. 431 – 484, 2020. Turkish.
[37] B. Burtan Dogan, and A. Aslan, “ Turkiye’de saglik turizminin mevcut durumu ve ulke ekonomisine katkilari [Current status of health tourism in Turkey and its impact on the economy of the country],” Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Vol. 9, Issue. 18, pp. 391 – 420, 2019.
[38] Uluslararas? Saglik Hizmetleri, “Saglik turizmi verileri,” USHAS, Turkey, 2022. Turkish.
[39] K. H. Sato, and S. N. Bahls, “Internacionalização do Brasil: uma análise da marca Brasil e do setor turístico brasileiro [Internationalization of Brazil: an analysis of Brazil and brand from the Brazilian tourism sector],” Revista Eletrônica dos Cursos de Administração e Ciências Contábeis, Vol. 8, 2013.
[40] A. Cakir, and A. R. Sandalcilar, “Turizmin bölgesel kalk?nmaya etkileri: Rize Ayder turizm bölgesi örne?i 1 [The effects of tourism on regional development: Rize Ayder tourism region example 1],” Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 8, pp. 342 – 360, 2018.
[41] S. N. Sulku, “Saglik turizminde Türkiye’nin dünyadaki yeri ve potansiyeli [Turkey’s world place and potential in health tourism],” Uluslararasi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Dergisi, Vol. Special, Issue. 2017, pp. 99 – 113, 2017.
[42] S. S. Goés Filho, “As fronteiras do Brasil,” Fundação Alexandre Gusmão, Brazil, 2013. Portuguese.
[43] O. Bilen, A. Okten, and F. Gokalp, “Istanbul’da sucun kentsel sorun algisindaki yerinin birliktelik kurallari ile incelenmesi [Urban crime investigation association rules in Istanbul location of the perception of the problem],” Megaron. Vol. 7, Issue. 1, pp. 26 – 35, 2012.
[44] A. S. Lopes, J. A. Ribeiro, and R. L. Grampa (30 Aug. – 01 Sep. 2012). “Abordagem conceitual do Turismo de Saúde no Brasil” Presented at the IX Seminário da Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Turismo – Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, Brazil. Portuguese.
[45] M. A. T. Silveira, (17-19 Jun 2009) “Turismo, ordenamento territorial e uso dos recursos hídricos: uma contribuição ao debate.” Presented at the III Fórum Internacional de Turismo do Iguassu, Paraná, Brazil. Portuguese.
[46] OECD, “Health at a glance 2021: OECD indicators,” OECD Publishing, France, 2021.
[47] Turkiye Raporu, “Turkiye’de doktorlarin yasam kalitesi”, Turkiye Raporu, May?s, 2022. Turkish.
[48] Joint Commission International, “Accredited Organizations”, JCI, USA, 2022.
[49] J. P. Mariño, G. Pinochet, and S. Flores, “Medical tourism as a way to strengthen the Health Sector and its implications in the Regional Economy, Case Study: City of Bucaramanga and its Metropolitan Área, Colombia,” Espacios, Vol. 41, Issue. 50, pp. 139–153, 2020.
[50] M. A. Santos, P. L. G. Santos, R. S. Correia, R. A. Santana, G. P. A. Felix (2019), “Mercosul: origem histórica, atuação e participação do Brasil no bloco” Presented at the 22. Semana de Mobilização Científica – Semoc – Universidade Católica de Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Portuguese.
[51] I. Unuvar, and H. Aktas, “Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de Covid-19 Pandemisinin Ekonomik Etkileri [Economic Effects of Covid-19 in the World and Turkey],” Selcuk Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yuksekokulu Dergisi, Vol. 25, Issue. 1, pp. 124 – 140, 2022.
[52] R. E. Mbah and D. Wasum, “Russian-Ukraine 2022 war: A review of the economic impact of Russian-Ukraine crisis on the USA, UK, Canada, and Europe,” Adv. Soc. Sci. Res. J., Vol. 9, Issue. 3, pp. 144–153, 2022.
[53] O. Bahar, and M. Kozak, “Turkiye turizminin Akdeniz ulkeleri ile rekabet gucu ac?s?ndan karsilastirilmasi [Comparions of Tourism Competitiveness Between Turkey and Mediterranean Countries],” Anatolia, Vol. 16, Issue. 2, pp. 139–152, 2005.
[54] I. J. de Renó Machado, “Um Poder envergonhado,” BCMID, Vol. 1, Issue. 1, pp. 18–25, 2021. Portuguese.
[55] K. O. Dauda, “Islamophobia and religious intolerance: Threats to global peace and harmonious co-existence,” QIJIS, Vol. 8, Issue. 2, p. 257, 2020.
[56] D. Çavmak and S. Çavmak, “Using AHP to prioritize barriers in developing medical tourism: Case of Turkey,” Int. j. travel med. glob. health, Vol. 8, Issue. 2, pp. 73–79, 2020
[57] B. A. Asaad. “The impact of Covid-19 (Coronavirus Pandemic) on the demand of health services in Syria (Analytical study in Lattakia),” WAJM, Vol. 8, Issue. 3, pp. 06 – 11, 2020.
[58]Johns Hopkins University, “Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center,” Johns Hopkins University, USA, 2022.
[59]S. Granemann, “Crise econômica e a Covid-19: rebatimentos na vida (e morte) da classe trabalhadora brasileira [Economic crisis and COVID-19: impact on the life (and death) of the Brazilian working class],” Trab. Educ. Saúde, Vol. 19, p. e00305137, 2021.Citation
Ana Luiza Ferreira Aydogdu, Kamil Ahmet Kose, "A Brief Comparison of Health Tourism in Brazil and Turkey," World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.28-34, 2022 -
Open Access Article
Evaluation of Financial Performance in Nigeria Cement Sector: A Case Study of Dangote and Bua Cement
B. Muhammad, A.M. Yamma, M.B. Babanumma
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJM)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.35-40, Sep-2022
Abstract
The present survey targeted 400 samples (Bua and Dangote cement workers). The respondents were chosen based on their knowledge and experience in cement sector. Stratified sampling approach was used followed by simple random sampling in this investigation. In this study, all of the elements in a given stratum are identical in terms of the relevant parameter. The questionnaire comprised of 11 questions including socio-demographic that described issues operationalized in the financial performance framework. The responses were graded on a five-point Likert scale ranging from strongly agrees to strongly disagree. The study used descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) as tools for data analysis. Three hundred and eighty-nine persons responded, resulting in a response rate of 97 percent. The result shows that, males account for 266(63.4%) of the respondents, while females account for 123(31.6 %). With 137 responses, the majority of those respondents are between the ages of 41-50 (35.2 %). The majority of respondents (30.1%) have earned a certificate from a tertiary institution, while 116, or 29.8%, have earned a secondary certificate, and only 78(20.1%), have earned a primary certificate. This study found that the degree of production in both Bua and Dangote cement can effect revenue generating. The respondents revealed that excellent accountability minimizes the level of bad financial performance among both Bua and Dangote cement enterprises, based on the data provided. The findings also suggest that implementing corporate governance in both production and non-production organizations boosts productivity, resulting in improved financial performance. Based on the findings, it was obvious that production companies were typically registered with multiple insurance companies in order to reduce the risk of losses that could occur at any time. Furthermore, the majority of respondents believed that profit realization by enterprises (both Dangote and Bua cements) was due to product developments rather than managerial styles, financial prudence, or worker incentives. Most of the respondents firmly agreed that both Dangote and Bua cement firms had held much of their working capital, allowing them to make more products, resulting in better sales and, as a result, improved financial performance. However, both Bua and Dangote practiced strong corporate governance by using financial indicators to assess how well their companies manage their debts. Also, when a company`s debts were correctly managed, the organization`s financial performance would improve.Key-Words / Index Term
Accountability, Bua, Dangote, financial, insurance, performanceReferences
[1] F. Naz, F. Ijaz, F. Naqvi, “Financial Performance of Firms: Evidence From Pakistan Cement Industry”. Journal of Teaching and Education, Vol. 5, Issue 1, pp. 81–94, 2016.
[2] P.J. Solomon, “Environmental disclosure and financial performance of listed oil and Gas companies in Nigeria”. Accounting and accountability Journal, Vol. 8, pp. 47-79, 2020.
[3] T.G. Okafor, “Environmental cost accounting and reporting on firm financial Performance: a survey of quoted Nigerian oil companies”. International Journal of Finance and Accounting, Vol. 7, Issue 1, pp. 1-6, 2018.
[4] R. Mayilsamy, S. Pradeep, “A Study on Financial Performance of Ultra Tech Cement Ltd”. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, Vol. 7, Issue 7, pp. 238-241, 2021.
[5] P. Aggarwal, “Impact of Corporate Governance on Corporate Financial Performance. Shri Ram College of Commerce, University of Delhi, India, 2013.
[6] F. Shahzad, N. Ahmed, Z. Fareed, “Corporate Governance Impact on Firm Performance. Evidence from Cement Industry of Pakistan”. European Researcher, Vol. 90, Issue 1, pp. 37-47, 2015.
[7] M. Ibrahim, “Corporate Governance and Financial Performance of Listed Non-financial Companies in Nigeria”. American Journal of Business Society, Vol. 4, Issue 3, pp. 2019.
[8] S. Mohammed, N. Sha, M.N. Alam, H. Qaouq, “Financial analysis of cement industry in Oman”. International Journal of Management and Applied Science, Vol. 4, Issue 10, pp. 29-31, 2018.
[9] V. Hajihassani, “A Comparison of Financial Performance in Cement Sector in Iran. Inventi Rapid”. Microfinance & Banking, Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp. 8-10, 2012.
[10] A.N.K. Mizan, M.M. Hossain, “Financial soundness of cement industry of Bangladesh”. American Journal of Trade and Policy, Vol. 1, Issue 1, pp. 16-22, 2014.
[11] S. Soni, “A study on the financial performance of JK cement”. International Journal of Research and Review, Vol. 1, Issue 5, pp. 115-119, 2018.
[12] R. Venkatacham, V. Kasthuri, “A study on the financial performance of the cement industry in India”. International Journal of Applied Research, Vol. 2, Issue 9, pp. 778-780, 2016.
[13] W.M. Daryanto, “Measuring financial performance of cement industry during infrastructure development in Indonesia”. South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, Vol. 16, Issue 1, pp. 44-56, 2018.
[14] K.T. Gopi, “The study on financial performance of cement industry in India”. Asian Journal of Managerial Science, Vol. 7, Issue 2, pp. 16-20, 2018.
[15] F.R. Khan, I.S. Al-Maktoumi, “Performance Evaluation of Commercial Banks in Oman Using Ratio Analyses”. International Journal of Research in Entrepreneurship & Business Studies, Vol. 2, Issue 1, pp. 10-21, 2021.
[16] H. Alami, A. El-Hajaji, K. Hilal, K. Mokhlis, “Social and Financial Performance in Moroccan Companies. In Recent Advances in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Logic Systems and Mathematics”, Springer. Chams, pp. 273-285, 2021.
[17] R. Kanakriyah, “Dividend Policy and Companies’ Financial Performance”. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, Vol. 7, Issue 10, pp. 531-541, 2020.
[18] M.M. Majeed, B. Ilyas, M. Nasir, “Analysis of financial progress of cement industry in Pakistan”. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, Vol. 8, Issue 19, pp. 7-12, 2017.Citation
B. Muhammad, A.M. Yamma, M.B. Babanumma, "Evaluation of Financial Performance in Nigeria Cement Sector: A Case Study of Dangote and Bua Cement," World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.35-40, 2022 -
Open Access Article
Entrepreneurship Impact in Improving Competitive Advantage in the Health Services Sector
Bassel Anwar Asaad, Rania Mohsen Hassan, Lama Muhammad Abdaljalil Minla
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJM)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.41-48, Sep-2022
Abstract
The study aimed at the following: Defining the concepts of entrepreneurship and competitive advantage in the health services sector. And studying the role of entrepreneurship in improving competitive advantage. The descriptive analytical method was used in the study by designing and distributing a questionnaire to a sample of 90 administrators in hospitals and government health centers in Syria. results of study: Entrepreneurship in the health services sector affects the competitive advantage in Lattakia., there is a statistically significant relationship between dimensions of entrepreneurship and competitive advantage in the health services sector.Key-Words / Index Term
competitive advantage, entrepreneurship, creativity, independence, competitive offensive, proactivityReferences
[1]. Priambodo IT, Sasmoko S, Abdinagoro SB, Bandur A. E-Commerce readiness of creative industry during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business.;8(3):865-73.2021
[2]. Rebba, V. and D. Rizzi. "Measuring Hospital Efficiency through Data Envelopment Analysis when Policy-Makers` Preferences Matter: An Application to a Sample of Italian NHS Hospitals." University Ca`Foscari of Venice, Dept. of Economics Research Paper Series (13/06).2006.
[3]. AHMED, HOSSAM KORANY - The Impact of Talent Management on the Competitive Advantage in the Organizations, Proceedings of 37th ISERD International Conference, Abu Dhabi, UAE, 6th June 2016.
[4]. Ibrahim,,Shirley Nagy Adel Zayed- The Impact of the Integrated Talent Management on the Competitive Advantage in Multinational Corporations, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Vol. 8, No. 7, p2-11.2018.
[5]. Murniati Murniati, Ghozali Maski, Iswan Noor, Marlina Ekawaty, Entrepreneurship in the Tourism Industry: Implication on Sustainable Economic Development, Publisher,Emerald Publishing Limited, P55.2021.
[6]. Murniati Murniati, Ghozali Maski, Iswan Noor, Marlina Ekawaty, Entrepreneurship in the Tourism Industry: Implication on Sustainable Economic Development, Publisher,Emerald Publishing Limited, P55.2021.
[7]. Devonish, D., Alleyne, P., Charles-Soverall, W., Marshall, A.Y. & Pounder, P Explaining enttrepreneurial intentions in the Caribbean, 16(2): 149-171, 2010.
[8]. Vrontis D, El Chaarani H, El Abiad Z, El Nemar S, Haddad AY. Managerial innovative capabilities, competitive advantage and performance of healthcare sector during Covid-19 pandemic period. foresight. P6-11.2021
[9]. Kareen,S.A, hospital building implementation in south India,journal of desighn and building, (2)3, p22-23, 2011.
[10]. Duren, A. Nurturing the Leader: Talent Management in Organizations. Journal of Naval Science and Engineering, 6(2), 89-99, 2021.
[11]. Ania, H.. The influence of training and motivation on the performance of EMPLOYEES of PT Asuransi XYZ. [Thesis]. Bogor: Bogor Agricultural Institute. 2018.
[12]. Rathore, N. Rural tourism impact, challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Business Economics and Management Research, 2 (2): 252-260, 2012.
[13]. Bassel Asaad ,Habeeb mahmod,Measuring the quality of health service in latakia province patient (failed study of health centers in jahble city) ,Journal of Social Economics Research, Vol.3, Issue4. P4-7, 2016.
[14]. Ashford C. Chea, Exemplary Strategy for Corporate Competitiveness and Wealth Creation: Implications for sub-Saharan African Business Leaders and Managers, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences April, Vol. 2, No. 4 pp.388, 2012.
[15]. Baumol, W.J. Entrepreneurship: Productive, unproductive and destructive. The Journal of Political Economy, 98, (5), pp. 893 – 921, 1990.
[16]. Ashford C. Chea, Exemplary Strategy for Corporate Competitiveness and Wealth Creation: Implications for sub-Saharan African Business Leaders and Managers, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences April, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp.388, 2012.
[17]. Ilinova A, Dmitrieva D, Kraslawski A. Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on fertilizer companies: The role of competitive advantages. Resources Policy. 2021 Jun 1;71:10, 2019.
[18]. Madeira A, Palrão T, Mendes AS. The impact of pandemic crisis on the restaurant business. Sustainability. 2020 Dec 23;13(1):40, 2020.
[19]. Bassel Asaad ,The Impact of Covid-19 (Coronavirus Pandemic) on the Demand of Health Services in Syria (Analytical Study in Lattakia), World Academics Journal of Management ,Vol 8,Issue 2.P2-5, 2020.
[20]. Mmonimah, Harry Deinibiteim, the Centrality of Human Capital Development to the Attainment of Nigeria vision 202020 Development Program " Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa , Clarion: : Clarion University of Pennsylvania , vol .12 , No5.p9-11, 2010.
[21]. Drucker, F.P. Innovation and entrepreneurship. New York: Harper Perennal,p12, 1985.
[22]. Wheelen. Thomas L., Hunger. J. David, Hoffman. Alan N., & Bamford. Chales E. Strategic management and buisness policy: glpbalization, innovation, and sustainability (14th ed.). England: Pearson Education Limited.P3-9, 2015.
[23]. Samo, A.H., Öztürk, ?., Mahar, F., Yaqoob, S, The way followers fathom: Exploring the nexus among women leadership styles, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Journal of Organizational Behavior Research, 4(1), 17-32, 2019.
[24]. Taofik Hidayat , Syamsul Maarif, Alla Asmara ,Employee Performance Management Scenarios in the Era of Work from Home, International Journal of Research and Review,P1-9, 2022.Citation
Bassel Anwar Asaad, Rania Mohsen Hassan, Lama Muhammad Abdaljalil Minla, "Entrepreneurship Impact in Improving Competitive Advantage in the Health Services Sector," World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.41-48, 2022 -
Open Access Article
Adil Khan, Arun Kumar Singh
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJM)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.49-53, Sep-2022
Abstract
The study is based on the small-scale manufacturing industry while selecting bakery and dairy product manufacturing firms from the Prayagraj district. An inter-industrial comparison is made in terms of capital employed and capital intensity in the production to determine the magnitude of capital efficiency in these industries. The concerned food processing firms are analysed and evaluated by focusing on key factors such as variable cost, fixed cost and capital-output ratio. The results show that a lower amount of capital is required for setting up a dairy processing plant and operating on a small scale. On the other hand, bakery firms are capital-intensive but fail to use capital effectively, thus generating a lower amount of sales revenue relative to the amount of input used up. While considering the limited sources of finance in the region and the presence of surplus labourers as well as growing consumer demand, dairy production is a much more desirable mode of occupation. The efficiency of capital could be raised in small firms through imparting proper knowledge and training to workers.Key-Words / Index Term
Fixed asset, Variable cost, Capital intensive, Labour productivity, Technological upgradationReferences
[1] R. Venkatesh and M. Suryakumar, “Impact of New Development Options for small and Medium Enterprises in India,” International Journal of Innovative Research & Studies, Vol. 8, Issue.4, pp.108-117, 2018.
[2] A. K. Sharma and S. K. Rai, “An empirical evidence of structural change in production parameters of MSMEs under economic reforms in India.” International journal of. Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Vol.10, Issue.1, pp.1-10, 2022.
[3] V. Kovelskiy, “Comparative analysis of working capital management of MSMEs in India.” WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, Vol.12, Issue.1, pp.289-305, 2015.
[4] M. I. Hossain, M. S Azam, M. R. Uddin and M. K. H. Shovon, “Capital Structure and Financial Performance of Food Industry: An Agro-Based Emerging Economy Perspective.” International Journal of Accounting & Finance Review, Vol.10, Issue.1, pp.53-60, 2022.
[5] S. J. Shroff, “Determinants of Working Capital of Indian MSMEs,” Ample Opportunities and Growth Prospects in India, 2019.
[6] S. Ganguly, “Is small beautiful? A critical evaluation of MSME policy and performance in India.” Ideas for India, pp.1-5, 2017.
[7] P. Rao, S. Kumar and V. Madhavan A study on factors driving the capital structure decisions of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in India. IIMB Management Review, Vol.31, Issue.1, pp.37-50, 2019.
[8] R. Vaidya and P. Patel, “Determinants of profitability of capital-intensive firms in the Indian capital market: A static and dynamic panel approach.” IUP Journal of Accounting Research & Audit Practices, Vol.18, Issue.4, pp.33-51, 2019.
[9] D. Chandrashekar, M. B Subrahmanya, K. Joshi and T. Priyadarshi, “Effect of innovation on firm performance—The case of a technology intensive manufacturing cluster in India.” International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, Vol.16, Issue.7, pp.1-16. 2019.
[10] S. K. Rout, and R. Behera, “Income Inequality and its Important Determinants in India.” Saudi Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol.6, Issue.5, pp.171-187, 2022.
[11] P. K Sahoo and B. N. Rath, “The Determinants of Firm Competitiveness: Evidence from the Indian Manufacturing Sector”. International Journal of the Economics of Business, pp.1-21, 2021.
[12] M. A Malik, T. Masood and M. A. Sheikh, “Econometric analysis of total factor productivity in India.” The Indian Economic Journal, Vol.69, Issue.1, pp.88-104, 2021.
[13] P. Singh, and C. Kaur, “Factors determining financial constraint of SMEs: a study of unorganized manufacturing enterprises in India.” Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, Vol.33, Issue.3, pp.269-288, 2021.
[14] Muhammad Usman, Bishir Balarabe, Amina Mujitafa Maiwada, Abdulrahman Ibrahim Bala, "The Impact of Cash Management on Profitability of the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry (Downstream)," World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.18-24, 2019.
[15] Adekunle Oluwatosin Alade, Joy Ofure Ehigbochie, "Understanding the Effects of Strategic Business Management on Small and Medium Scale Enterprises for Enhanced Productivity in Nigeria," World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.60-67, 2019.Citation
Adil Khan, Arun Kumar Singh, "A Comparative Analysis of Capital Efficiency between Bakery and Dairy Based Enterprises Found in Prayagraj District," World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.49-53, 2022 -
Open Access Article
Bassel Anwar Asaad, Loura Mohammad Abbas, Madline Mohamad Jonbolat
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJM)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.54-61, Sep-2022
Abstract
Study aims to: Explaining electronic soft skills in hotels. Measuring dimensions of electronic soft skills and quality. Study the relationship between electronic soft skills and quality.. The descriptive analytical approach was relied on in the study. The data were analyzed by using SPSS and SMARTPLS programs, and the results were as follows: There is impact of electronic soft skills on the quality of services provided in 5-star hotels of the Syrian coast during the period of the Corona pandemic. There is effect of electronic communication skills on the quality of services provided in 5-star hotels of the Syrian coast during the period of the Corona pandemic. There is impact of the electronic leadership skill on the quality of services provided in 5-star hotels of the Syrian coast during the Corona pandemic period. There is impact of electronic decision-making skill on the quality of services provided in 5-star hotels of the Syrian coast during the period of the Corona pandemic. There is impact of the electronic time management skill on the quality of services provided in 5-star hotels of the Syrian coast during the Corona pandemic period.Key-Words / Index Term
soft skills, communication skill, hotel service quality, response, tangibility.References
[1]. Kalischko, T. & Riedl, R. Electronic Performance Monitoring in the Digital Workplace: Conceptualization, Review of Effects and Moderators, and Future Research Opportunities. P12-26, 2021.
[2]. Ntounis N, Parker C, Skinner H, Steadman C, Warnaby G. Tourism and Hospitality industry resilience during the Covid-19 pandemic: Evidence from England. Current Issues in Tourism. 2;25(1):46-59, 2022
[3]. Vijayalakshmi, V. Soft Skills- The Need of the Hour for Profssional competence: A Rview on Interpersonal skills and Intrapersonal skills Theories. Volume. 11, Number 4, PP. 2859-2864. international Joural of Applied Engineering Research, 2016.
[4]. V?rzaru AA, Bocean CG, Cazacu M. Rethinking tourism industry in pandemic COVID-19 period. Sustainability. 21;13(12):6956, 2021
[5]. Bassel Asaad The importance of using artificial intelligence models in economic forecasting during a crisis period (Using the NARX model to predict demand for hospital health services),World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.8, Issue3, P2-5, 2020.
[6]. Stankov U, Filimonau V, Vuji?i? MD. A mindful shift: an opportunity for mindfulness-driven tourism in a post-pandemic world. Tourism Geographies. 26;22(3):703-12, 2020.
[7]. Taylor, E. Investigating the perception of stakeholders on Soft Skills development of Students; Evidence frrom south Africa. Interdisciiplinary Journal of e-Skills and life Long Learning, 12, 1-18, 2016.
[8]. Matters, G., & Curtis, D. A Study Into The Assessment And Reporting Of Employability Skills Of Senior Secondary Students. Assessment and Reporting Projects.P12-16, 2008.
[9]. Laker, D. R., & Powell, J. L. The differences between hard and soft skills and their relative impact on training transfer. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 22(1), 111-122, 2011.
[10]. Syed , A. A., Gale, T. L., Richard , K., Ali, k., & Mehmood, A. The implrtance of soft Skills in comples projects. Vol.3, Iss.3, PP.387-401. International Journalof Managing Projects in Business.2010.
[11]. Mohapatra. Monalisa & Mishra. Sasmita, The Employee Empowerment as a Key Factor Defining Organizational Performance in Emerging Market, IJBIT, p. 69, 2019.
[12]. Seetha , S. Necessity of Soft Skills Training for Students and professionals. 4(2) March-may , India: International Journal of Engineering, Business and Enterprise Applications, PP.171-174, 2013.
[13]. Curtis, D. The assessment of generic skills. In J. Gibb (Ed.), Generic Skills in Vocational Education and Training: Research Readings (pp. 136-156). Adelaide, Australia: National Centre for Vocational Education Research Ltd. 2004.
[14]. Massoudi, A. & Hamdi, S. Reciprocal Leadership Influence on Organizational Change. Cihan University-Erbil Journal of Humanity and Social Science, 3(1), 20-26, 2019.
[15]. Schulz, B. The Importance of Soft Skills: Education beyond academic knowledge. NAWA Journal of Language and communiction Polytechnic of Namibia .P2-22, P2008.
[16]. shaheen, M., Zhang , L., Shen, T., & Siti, R.. Importance of Soft Skills for Education and Career Success. Volume 2, Issue 2. Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, International journal for Cros-disciplinary Subjects in Education (IJCDSE), special.p6-18, 2012.
[17]. Kotler, P. Marketing Management: Analysis Planning?Implement and Control, India, Prntice Hall, Inc.p53, 2001.
[18]. Alvin , hung ,Duarte. Morais , garry .chich, service quality in tourism ,acase study of the 2001 study tour of Taiwan , north astern recreation research Symposium , p.319, 2005.
[19]. Mohammed . Aleraql, Tourism services quality in Egypt , the view points of external and internal customers, bench marketing on international journal ,Vol.13, No.4, p.478, 2006.
[20]. Philip,G; Shirley, H.The measurement of service quality. a new P-C-P attributes model-Ireland, UK-.P55, 1995.
[21]. Bassel Asaad ,Habeeb mahmod(,Measuring the quality of health service in latakia province patient (failed study of health centers in jahble city) ,Journal of Social Economics Research, Vol.3, Issue 4, P3-8, 2016.
[22]. Aisha, Aisha Atiq, Syed Ahmed Siti, and Buzayen Al-Ajal. Testing the median effect of both satisfaction and confidence in the relationship of brand identity to consumer loyalty. Al-Bashaer Economic Journal, Vol.5, Issue 1, p.226, 2016.
[23]. Hassan Atallah, and Abdul Razzaq bin Habib. Studying the direct and indirect impact of the brand`s experience on customer satisfaction and trust, using Pls Smart and the importance-performance map. Journal of the Economic Researcher, p8-16, 2021.Citation
Bassel Anwar Asaad, Loura Mohammad Abbas, Madline Mohamad Jonbolat, "Relationship between Quality of Services and Electronic Soft Skills in Tourism Sector during the Corona Pandemic," World Academics Journal of Management, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.54-61, 2022
You do not have rights to view the full text article.
Please contact administration for subscription to Journal or individual article.
Mail us at support@isroset.org or view contact page for more details.
