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• Open Access   Article

  3D structure prediction of OCT 4, an important Reprogramming Factor of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs)

  P.Chauhan, N. Wal

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp.1-6, Apr-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i2.16

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  Abstract
  Oct 4 is one of the transcription factors among six reprogramming factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, C-MYC, NANOG, and LIN28) selected by Takahashi and Yamanaka to induce somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).Stem cell research is used in treatment of a number of diseases including genetic disorders. Several questions regarding reprogramming factors of stem cells are remaining unanswerable due to limited experimental availability and ehilical issues. Proteomic analysis of OCT 4 is still remaining unpredicted as protein structure is not available in PDB. The aim of this study was prediction of the tertiary structure of OCT4 protein using homology modeling approach through MODELLER program. Quality and reliability assessments were performed on predicted model and found the model reliable.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  iPSCs, therapeutic targets, homology modeling, template, reprogramming factors, OCT 4

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  Citation
  P.Chauhan, N. Wal, "3D structure prediction of OCT 4, an important Reprogramming Factor of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs)," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.2, pp.1-6, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Antibacterial activities of wild rhizomatous plants - Curcuma aromatica, Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) and synergistic effects of both collected from southern Western Ghats, India

  R. Suresh, S. Thampiraj, and A. Stephen

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp.7-13, Apr-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i2.713

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  Abstract
  Rhizome extracts of Curcuma aromatica and Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) from southern Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India were investigated for their antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion method against bacterial human pathogens such as Escherichia coli, β-haemo streptococci, Klebsiella penumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The study revealed that except Pseudomonas aeruginosa, all the pathogens were inhibited by various extracts (Methanol, Ethanol, n-Butanol and Acetone) of Curcuma spp. sometimes far better than the control antibiotic Amoxicillin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was inhibited by n-Butanol extract of C. longa as equal as standard antibiotic. These results clearly elucidates that Curcuma aromatica and Curcuma longa collected from wild have higher antibacterial activity than that of standard antibiotic.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Antibacterial activity, Curcuma aromatica, Curcuma longa, Western Ghats

  References
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  Citation
  R. Suresh, S. Thampiraj, and A. Stephen, "Antibacterial activities of wild rhizomatous plants - Curcuma aromatica, Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) and synergistic effects of both collected from southern Western Ghats, India," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.2, pp.7-13, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Antibacterial effects of Citrus limon peel extract on human pathogenic bacteria with special reference to Urinary Tract Infection

  Neha Sharma, D.S. Rathore

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp.14-17, Apr-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i2.1417

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  Abstract
  Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common pathogenic infections, specially found in working ladies as well as seen in men and lead to many difficult problems. As the microorganism are resistant day by day from antibiotics. The main objective of this study is evaluated the antimicrobial activity and future prophylactic potential of the Citrus limon peel against strains of human pathogenic bacteria. Phytochemical analysis of citrus fruits shows that they are rich source of flavanones and many polymethoxylated flavones, which are found very rare in other plants, have very strong antibacterial activity. Antimicrobial analysis was done by using agar well diffusion method. The result was found that, the peel extract of lemon were inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as well as Bacillus substilis which show the resistance against nalidixic acid, co-trimoxazole and nitrofuranation antibiotics. On the basis of the present finding lemon peel extract might be a good candidate in the search for a natural antimicrobial agent and can be considered to be as equally potent as the antibiotics, such as, ciprofloxacin.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Citrus limon, Human pathogens, UTI, antimicrobial agent

  References
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  Citation
  Neha Sharma, D.S. Rathore, "Antibacterial effects of Citrus limon peel extract on human pathogenic bacteria with special reference to Urinary Tract Infection," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.2, pp.14-17, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Outcome of Cadmium on Aminergic System and Protective Function of Vitamin-C

  Jyostna.V, Anuhya.G, Ushakiranmayi. Managamuri, Srinuvasulu K, Sudhakar. Poda

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp.18-23, Apr-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i2.1823

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  Abstract
  Cadmium (Cd) is an extremely toxic metal and has a long biological half-life in humans, it enters the brain parenchyma and neurons causing neurological alterations in humans and animal models, leading to lower attention, hyper nociception, olfactory dysfunction and memory deficits. Rats were exposed to low (2mg/kg bw) and high dose (5mg/kg bw) of Cd through subcutaneous injections. The activity levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine contents were studied in discrete brain areas of the young rats such as hippocampus, cerebral cortex and cerebellum. Hippocampal levels of catecholamines were significantly reduced in rats exposed to Cd. Our data suggest that Cd exposure disturbs aminergic system in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex and cerebellum and may contribute to the alterations in neurotransmitters.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Dopamine, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Cadmium, Vitamin-C

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  Citation
  Jyostna.V, Anuhya.G, Ushakiranmayi. Managamuri, Srinuvasulu K, Sudhakar. Poda, "Outcome of Cadmium on Aminergic System and Protective Function of Vitamin-C," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.2, pp.18-23, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Nutritional Quality of Three Cobitid Fishes of Manipur, India: With Special Reference to Essential Mineral Elements

  M. Shantosh and Ch. Sarojnalini

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp.24-33, Apr-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i2.2433

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  The study were carried out to determine the proximate composition and essential mineral elements of three Cobitid fish species of Manipur, India viz. Lepidochephalichthys guntea, Pangio pangia and Syncrossus berdmorei. Moisture (76.12±0.05 %) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in Pangio pangia. In Syncrossus berdmorei, significantly (p<0.05) higher protein (22.57±0.00 %) and lipid (12.93±0.66 %) were recorded. Whereas, ash (3.23±0.07 %) was significantly higher in Lepidochephalichthys guntea. Macro elements Ca, Mg, K and Na were abundantly found in all the fish studied and micro elements Mg, Ni Cu, Zn, and Fe were also found in adequate amount. Results from the analysis revealed that macro elements viz. Ca (2150±8.71 mg/100g) and Mg (131.7±2.05 mg/100g) and micro elements viz. Na (112.5±0.06 mg/100g), Ni (2.25±0.02 mg/100g), Cu (0.47±0.007 mg/100g) and Zn (3.05±0.014 mg/100g) were found significantly (p<0.05) higher in Lepidochephalichthys guntea. Whereas K (90.81±1.14 mg/100g) and Mn (1.26±0.01 mg/100g) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in Syncrossus berdmorei among the fishes studied. Fe content was recorded significantly (p<0.05) higher than other micro elements and found highest in Syncrossus berdmorei (28.61±0.10 mg/100g) amoung the fish studied. From the above analysis it has been reveal that all the fishes were good sources of protein, lipid, ash and mineral contents which can provide high nutritive value for human diet.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Proximate, macro and micro elements, nutritive value, human diet

  References
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  Citation
  M. Shantosh and Ch. Sarojnalini, "Nutritional Quality of Three Cobitid Fishes of Manipur, India: With Special Reference to Essential Mineral Elements," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.2, pp.24-33, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Effect of Storage condition and period on seed germination of some leguminous seeds

  Anupama Modi, Anand Kandya

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp.34-37, Apr-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i2.3437

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  Abstract
  If the seeds are not to be used immediately they can be stored for long durations, if optimum suitable conditions of moisture temperature, aeration, light etc. are provided to the seeds. Beyond the atmosphere ic humidity, moisture of the seeds is also an important factor as seeds are normally hygroscopic and loosing or gaining of the moisture content depends upon the equilibrium between the moisture status of both the atmosphere and the seeds. Such moisture level is called the equilibrium moisture content which differs from species to species.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Moisture Content, Temperature, equilibrium, durations, atmospheric humidity & Condition

  References
  [1] Bass, L.N. (1963a). Effect of maturity, drying rate and storage conditions on logevity of Kentucky blue grass (Poa pratonisis) seed. AOSA fifty fifth Annual Meeting : 43-46.
  [2] Bass, L.N. (1980(. Floower seed storage. Seed Sci. & Tefchnol., 8 : 591-599.
  [3] Chin, H.F. (1988). Seed storage and vigour. Seed Sci. & Technol, 16 : 1-4/
  [4] Heit. C.E. (1961. Shorter germination test duration for tree seeds. Proc. Int. Seed Test. Ass., 26 : 428-436.
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  [6] Gupta, B.N. and O.P. Sood (1978). Storage of Dendrocalanus and vigour. Indian Forester, 104 (10) : 688-695.
  [7] Holmes, G.D. and G. Buszewicz (1958). The storage of seed of temperate forest tree species. Indian Forest Abstr., 19 : 313-322.
  [8] Jones, L.R. (1966). Storing Pine seed : What are best moisture and temperature conditions? Georgia Forest Res. Counc., Georgia Forest Res. Counc., Georgia Forest Res., Pap,. 42 : 8p.
  [9] Koranski, M.D.S. Hannapel (1991). Storage-protein degradation and aminopeptidase activity during germination of stressed and nonstressed Impatiens (Impatiens wallerana) seeds. seed sci. & Technol. 19 : 403-412..
  [10] Repina, N.I. (1973). Effect of method of storage on the quality of Betula verrucosa seed. N. Kazakhstan Lennol zhurnal 16(1) : 165-166..
  [11] Simak, M. (1980a). Germination adn storage of Salix Capreal and Populus tremula L. Seeds, Proc. IUFRO Int. symp. on Forest Tree seed storage, PNFI, Ontario (Canada), 142-160. (S.U.S.).
  

  Citation
  Anupama Modi, Anand Kandya, "Effect of Storage condition and period on seed germination of some leguminous seeds," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.2, pp.34-37, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Purification and Electrophoretic analysis of Extracellular Alkaline Phosphatase from bulb extracts of Urginea species

  Banani Misra, M.N. Shiva Kameshwari

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp.38-45, Apr-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i2.3845

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  Abstract
  Alkaline phosphatase was purified from three species of Urginea collected from different regions of India, Urginea wightii (Yediyur), Urginea indica(Karwar) and Urginea polyphylla (Castle rock Poona). The procedure followed for purification were Salt precipitation, Dialysis, ion exchange and Gel filtration method. Lowry’s method was used to estimate the Protein concentrations. The purified enzyme was subjected to 12.5% SDS-PAGE for molecular determination of Urginea species. The molecular weight of the protein band obtained was nearly 46 kDa in Urginea indica but Urginea wightii and Urginea polyphylla the protein band obtained was approximately 43kDa. The enzyme activity in these three-species varied. In Urginea indica it was found to be more about 0.152 U/ml while in Urginea wightii showed 0.05U/ml enzyme activity and 0.106 U/ml. in Urginea polyphylla.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Urginea, Alkaline Phosphatase, Purification, SDS-PAGE

  References
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  [14]. Lorena Morales et al. “Purification and Characterization of an Alkaline Phosphatase Induced by Phosphorus Starvation in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Roots”, J. Mex. Chem. Soc, Volume 56, Issue 1, pp. 80-84, 2012.
  [15]. M. Mahesh, R. somashekhar, Preenon Bagchi and E.T. Puttaiah, “Optimization for the production of Extracellular Alkaline Phosphatase from Proteus mirabilis”, Bioprocessing and Biotechniques, Volume 5, Issue 3, pp.1-5,2015.
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  AUTHOR PROFILE
  Banani Misra pursed M.Sc. Botany and currently pursuing Ph.D. in Botany from Bengaluru University, Bengaluru, India. She has published 3 research papers in reputed international journals. Her main research work focuses on Biochemical and Enzyme studies. She has 2+ years of teaching experience and 3+ years of research experience.
  
  
  

  Citation
  Banani Misra, M.N. Shiva Kameshwari, "Purification and Electrophoretic analysis of Extracellular Alkaline Phosphatase from bulb extracts of Urginea species," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.2, pp.38-45, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Isolation of Mycobacteriophage: Novel tool to treat Mycobacterium spp

  R. Satish, A. Desouza

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp.46-50, Apr-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i2.4650

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  Abstract
  Mycobacteriophages are viruses that infect Mycobacterium spp. To date,9666 mycobacteriophages have been isolated and 1519 mycobacteriophage genomes have been sequenced(phagesdb.org). The aim of this study was to isolate mycobacteriophages from different soil samples using Mycobacterium smegmatis as host. In this study mycobacteriophages have been isolated from 10 different soil samples. Presence of these phages was confirmed by qualitative plaque formation on plates. These 10 different phages were further tested for host diversity using M. fortuitum subsp. fortuitum MTCC993, Mycobacterium kansasiiMTCC3058, Mycobacterium aviumsubsp. avium MTCC1723 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis MTCC300. Three among these 10 phages, were found to infect all the 4 different species of Mycobacterium besides the host Mycobacterium smegmatis that was used for isolation of the phages. This truly reflects the host diversity of the phages and their ability to rapidly adapt to new hosts. These phages could also hold a great potential to be used as tools of genetic manipulation to study Mycobacteria. Their potential for the treatment and eradication of M. tuberculosis can also be studied further.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Mycobacteriophages, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium smegmatis, MDR-TB, Host diversity

  References
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  Citation
  R. Satish, A. Desouza, "Isolation of Mycobacteriophage: Novel tool to treat Mycobacterium spp," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.2, pp.46-50, 2018