Volume-3 , Issue-6 , Dec 2016, ISSN 2455-3174 (Online) Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  Impact of Coal Mine Waste Discharge on Water Quality of River Damodar with Special Reference to Zinc as Contaminant

  Shirin Imam

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRCS)

  Vol.3 , Issue.6 , pp.1-4, Dec-2016

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  Abstract
  Almighty provided us pure water and air for all creatures on this earth, because these are essential for sustaining life. With the rapid increase in population, developmental works and industries, the environment is bound to get polluted. The increase in population has resulted in unplanned habitations giving rise to cuttings of forests, extensive mining, and waste water discharge without any treatment into the rivers / streams. Studies have shown that one of the causes of heavy metal pollution is activity like mining. The most toxic among the trace metals are heavy metals. These have great affinity for sulphur and attack the S-H bond in enzymes resulting in decreased efficiency of the later. Protein and amino acids may also be attacked by heavy metal ions. Heavy metals include lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), silver (Ag) chromium (Cr), copper (Cu) iron (Fe). The present study was undertaken to find out the extent of heavy metal pollution in water of river Damodar due to coal mining. Coal has significant quantities of impurities in the form of ash. Washing – also known as coal beneficiation it is a method to reduce these impurities. A typical washing process starts with the crushing of coal to reduce it to a suitable size when water is mixed with impure coal a dense liquid is formed due mixing of water and magnetite the clean coal floats on this liquid while impurities sink. This water from washeries along with impurities forms slurry and is contaminating river Damodar. Water pollution by heavy metals is very prominent in areas of mining and old mine. These metals are leached out and in sloppy areas, are carried along with slurry to river. This slurry is also known as coal sludge. Coal sludge also contains many heavy metals. Small amounts of heavy metals can be necessary for health, but too much may cause acute or chronic toxicity (poisoning). Many of the heavy metals released in the mining and burning of coal are environmentally and biologically toxic elements, such as lead, mercury, nickel, tin, cadmium, antimony, and arsenic, Zinc Chromium as well as radio isotopes of thorium and strontium. During the present study author tried to find out concentration of Zinc, Nickel, and chromium present in coal sludge/ slurry. Samples were collected and analyzed in laboratory.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Mining, Pollution, Coal Slurry, Beneficiation, Zinc, Toxicity, Dithizone

  References
  [1]. Sadiq M.,” Toxic metal chemistry in marine environments”, New York, Marcel Dekkar
  [2]. Alloway B. J. and Ayres D. C., “Chemical principles of environment pollution”, Blackie. Academic and Professional London
  [3]. Santucci B et al. (1988) Nickel sensitivity: effects of prolonged oral intake of the element contact dermatitis
  [4]. Sarkar B (1984) Nickel metabolism. In: Sunderman FW Jr, ed. Nickel in the human environment.
  [5]. Smith MK et al. (1993) Perinatal toxicity associated with nickel chloride exposure.
  [6]. Davis, Gary A. et al. “The Product Side of Pollution Prevention: Evaluating Potential Safe Substitutes”Cincinnati,Ohio: Risk Reduction Laboratory, Office of Research and Development
  [7]. Trivedi R. K., Hand book of Environmental Laws, Rules and Guide lines, Compliance and standard. Vol I and II
  [8]. Landis W. G. and Yu. M. H., “Introduction to environmental toxicology: impacts of chemical upon ecological system”, 2nd edition. USA Lewis Publishers
  [9]. Marcus, Jerrold J. (1997). Mining Environmental Handbook: Effects of Mining on the Environment and American Environmental Controls on Mining. London: Imperial College Press.
  [10]. A Review: Nano Science For Environmental Remediation Lamine Aoudjit a*, Aicha Sebtia , Hafida Lebika , Farid Madjenea , Belgassim Boutraa , Sadek Igouda journal of Scientific Research and Management Studies (IJSRMS) ISSN: 2349-3771 Volume 1 Issue 6, pg: 242-247
  
  

  Citation
  Shirin Imam , "Impact of Coal Mine Waste Discharge on Water Quality of River Damodar with Special Reference to Zinc as Contaminant," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.3, Issue.6, pp.1-4, 2016

• Open Access   Article

  Cyclic Voltammetric and Polarographic Study of Conducting Properties of Poly Methyl Aniline (PMA) and its Complex with Zn

  Anubha Vijay Pandya

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRCS)

  Vol.3 , Issue.6 , pp.5-7, Dec-2016

  Abstract

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  Abstract
  The development of the field of conducting polymers has continued to accelerate at an unexpectedly rapid rate. in this development there have been contributions from a wide spectrum of scientists such as chemists ,physicists, polymer materials scientists ,spectroscopists, electronic and electrical engineers ,thereby making this field as one of the most interdisciplinary fields of science today . by now these polymers are showing commercial promise in such areas as power equipment , light weight and rechargeable batteries ,micro machines, adhesives and many more applications have been proposed using these exciting systems. In this paper Cyclic Voltammetric parameters and Polarographic parameters for PMA i.e. Poly Methyl Aniline and its Complex formation with Zn have been presented. To find out the number of electrons involved in the electrode process cyclic voltammetric studies have been performed. Sets of solutions containing varying concentration of each of the polymers in 0.1 M potassium chloride (overall concentration) were prepared and the pH was adjusted to 8.0 ± 1 and scan rate was 40 mVs-1 ,similar sets of poly methyl aniline –Zn complex of Various concentration were prepared Cyclic voltammograms of these sets were recorded on the Pulse polarograph CL90 . Fig- 2.2and 2.7 show the cyclic voltammogramms of PMA, Zn –PMA complexes respectively. The cyclic voltammetric data for these species have been tabulated in tables.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Cyclic voltammetry, PMA, half wave potential, diffusion current dropping mercury electrode

  References
  [1]. V.R. Gwariker, N.V. Vishwanathan, Jaydev shridhar, polymer Science Willey Eastern Ltd.(New Delhi),(1990)
  [2]. C.A. Vincent, Progress in solid state Chemistry, 17, 145,(1987)
  [3]. Youn Chaol on, Park yong Woo. Hanguk Multi.Hakh-oechl, Ungyong Mulli, 2(3), 256- 60(Korean) (1989).
  [4]. C. Herold, R.Yazami, D.Billaud, Terre (France)
  [5]. W.John Albery, Zheng Chem., Benjamin R.Horrocks, Andrew R. Mount and Peter. J.Wilson, David Bloor Andew T. Monkmann ,C.Michal Elliot ,Fabradar Chem. Soc. 88, 247-259(1989)
  [6]. Bruno Scrosati, solid state ionic devices, 18-23 July 131-133(1988).
  
  

  Citation
  Anubha Vijay Pandya, "Cyclic Voltammetric and Polarographic Study of Conducting Properties of Poly Methyl Aniline (PMA) and its Complex with Zn," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.3, Issue.6, pp.5-7, 2016