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• Open Access   Article

  Phycoremediation of Rice Parboiling Industry Wastewater by Micro Algae and Utilization of Treated Water for Crop Production

  N. Gandhi, M. Madhan Obul Reddy, D. Madhusudhan Reddy

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp.63-75, Feb-2022

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  Abstract
  The screening of freshwater microalgae which is grown in the outdoor paddy fields for phycoremediation of rice parboiling industries wastewater is investigated in the current project. Diluted sample of wastewater with distilled water in 1:1 ratio is denoted as Raw and Distilled Water (RDW) sample and diluted sample with tap water in 1:1 ratio is denoted as Raw and Tap Water (RTW) were allowed for phycoremediation. The highest growth of microalgae biomass has increased and shown great biomass in RDW sample of rice parboiling industries wastewater. At Day 15 approximately 13.72×106 cell/mL with the highest removal of nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, phosphate and total organic carbon (BOD and COD) are 82.62%, 98.23%, 87.66%, 76.26, 93.32% and 95.32% respectively. RTW wastewater was able to reach maximum growth by Day 18 where cell concentration was approximately 19.7×105 cell/mL. Significantly reduction for some nutrients such as nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, phosphate and total organic carbon (BOD and COD) were observed. These findings provide good indication of microalgae growth and phycoremediation of rice parboiling industries wastewater. The information from these findings could be of potential use for biotechnology industries, for further development of bio-based product from microalgae biomass. The current study is extended to know the impact of raw undiluted rice parboiling industries wastewater and treated i.e., phycoremediation by RDW and RTW on Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum) for germination, growth, physiological and biochemical response. Plant growth is measured using growth analysis parameters such as, % germination, germination index, mean germination time, relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area ratio (LAR), leaf weight ratio (LWR), specific leaf area (SLA), specific leaf weight (SLW), leaf area duration (LAD). The physiological response of crop irrigated with undiluted raw rice parboiling industry wastewater, treated RDW and treated RTW are calculated by measuring % phytotoxicity, % inhibition, tolerance indices, seed vigor index. The biochemical response of seedlings irrigated with RRW, RDW and RTW are calculated by measuring total carbohydrates, total protein, chlorophyll pigment concentrations and peroxidase enzyme activity. The obtained results concluded that phycoremediation by RDW and RTW has shown positive growth and increased biochemical response of Cicer arietinum.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Phycoremediation, Micro algae, Wastewater treatment, Parboiled rice industry wastewater, Agricultural reuse, Bengal gram, Physiological response, Biochemical response

  References
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  Citation
  N. Gandhi, M. Madhan Obul Reddy, D. Madhusudhan Reddy, "Phycoremediation of Rice Parboiling Industry Wastewater by Micro Algae and Utilization of Treated Water for Crop Production," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.1, pp.63-75, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  Prediction of physic-chemical property/ Biological Activity and ADMET (absorption, distribution, mechanism, excretion, and toxicity) parameters of approved HIV Medications

  I.V. Ferrari, M. Di Mario

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp.76-83, Feb-2022

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  Abstract
  The purpose of this short study is to estimate the main chemical-physical properties, pharmacokinetics, and biological activity of the main anti-HIV drugs. The ADMETlab, pkCSM server, and The Pass Online Server were used to complete this computational investigation. The canonical SMILES strings of these compounds were retrieved from PubChem (http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) using their CAS registry number or chemical name(s). Regarding the in Silico toxicity study, between all the HIV antivirals investigated, “Lamivudine/Zidovudine”, sold under the brand name “Combivir”, reported good overall values, indicating that it is potentially the least toxic, except for the Minnow toxicity parameter (LC50 with a value of about 7.025 (log mM). Furthermore, Lopinavir also reported overall acceptable values against the various toxicity tests, except that of the Max. tolerated dose (human) with a value of -0.297 (log mg / kg / day in units ), compared to Combivir of 0.684 log mg / kg / day in units. From this evaluation, Combivir is one of the best drugs, manly in terms of toxicity parameters and also it would be useful to focus on discovering similar chemical structures, based on their structure.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  HIV, Drug –likeness analysis, toxicity estimation and ADME/T evaluation

  References
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  Citation
  I.V. Ferrari, M. Di Mario, "Prediction of physic-chemical property/ Biological Activity and ADMET (absorption, distribution, mechanism, excretion, and toxicity) parameters of approved HIV Medications," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.1, pp.76-83, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  Seasonal Variation in Avian Fauna of Sarsuna Satellite Township Area – A Case Study

  Indraneel Saha, Suvajit Dey, Swagata Palit

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp.84-91, Feb-2022

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  Abstract
  Birds are considered as one of the most significant indicators of the environment. Because they are very much sensitive to habitat change. Changes in bird populations are an important indication of environmental problems. During the time of urbanization, the population of birds has been particularly affected mainly in urban and suburban areas. The area of our study – Sarsuna Satellite Township is mainly a suburban region where the bird population is also likely to be affected. However, our study mainly focuses on the analysis of these bird populations and to compare their diversity indices in pre and post monsoon season. The study reveals a wide range of birds according to their feeding habits and their family. A comparative study summarizes that there is no significant difference in bird diversity between two seasons but however the total bird count irrespective of the seasons are alarmingly low and therefore need special attention.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Sarsuna Satellite Township Area, Avian fauna, Seasonal Variance, Diversity Indices

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  Citation
  Indraneel Saha, Suvajit Dey, Swagata Palit, "Seasonal Variation in Avian Fauna of Sarsuna Satellite Township Area – A Case Study," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.1, pp.84-91, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  Monitoring the Ecological Component of Sustainable Development Goals using Geospatial Information Tools: A Review

  Thomas U. Omali

  Review Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp.92-99, Feb-2022

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  Abstract
  The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) comprising 17 goals and 169 targets is a global strategy for guiding all nations in the course of changing and managing the social, economic, and ecological dimensions of the world. Quantifying a set of measurable indicators for all the goals is essential for monitoring the progress in accomplishing the SDGs. In this regards, geospatial technology is of great importance. Yet, there is less awareness and understanding specifically at the strategic or decision-making level, of the vital and integrative role of geospatial information in implementing the SDGs. Thus, this article focuses on the role of geospatial information tools in monitoring the ecological component of SDGs. The study is guided by parts of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A thorough search was conducted in reputable electronic databases using specific search keywords. A total of 2,192 papers were gathered, which were subjected to exclusion and inclusion criteria resulting into the selection of 104 papers for review. Furthermore, the topical and methodological trends of geospatial technology studies relating to SDGs were discussed. In the conclusion, limitations were identified and future scope was provided.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  environmental, GIS, GPS, remote sensing, SDGs, socioeconomic, technology, United Nation

  References
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  Citation
  Thomas U. Omali , "Monitoring the Ecological Component of Sustainable Development Goals using Geospatial Information Tools: A Review," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.1, pp.92-99, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  Using the Linear Programming in Mediterranean Forest Management : A Study Case from the North of Morocco

  Tayeb El Maadidi, Ahmed El Aboudi, Hlal El Aid

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp.100-106, Feb-2022

  Abstract

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  Citation

  Abstract
  The multiple uses of Moroccan forest, the social context, and the limitation of traditional management methods makes it necessary to develop a new management method for forest management in Morocco. Therefore, the forest needs to be managed efficiently for multiple purposes. The present study consists of developing a new management approach for Moroccan forests. This approach will be based on a linear programming model to provide an optimal solution to the current forest management problems. The relevance of the approach and its various components requires a prerequisite for the computerization of forest management in Morocco. This method will be applied to the pine forests in the Oued Laou watershed. The forest is located in the North of Morocco and contains three artificial plantations that are Aleppo pine, Maritime pine, and Monterey pine. They occupy 104 Hectares, 41 Hectares, and 349 Hectares, respectively. To solve the linear programming model, 28 scenarios will be defined for all forests based on harvesting age, silviculture, and a planning horizon for the next 100 years, divided into 20 planning periods of 5 years. The new model should satisfy a maximum of timber production while respecting various management constraints, including land availability, forest normality, sustainable timber volume, and the legal right of grazing. The optimal solution guarantees a volume of wood production equal to 105.753 m3 while preserving the legal right of grazing. The irregular structure of forests will then be converted into a regular one.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  management; forest; linear; programming; model; pine; maritime; Aleppo; Monterey; wood; constraints; solution.

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  Citation
  Tayeb El Maadidi, Ahmed El Aboudi, Hlal El Aid, "Using the Linear Programming in Mediterranean Forest Management : A Study Case from the North of Morocco," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.1, pp.100-106, 2022