Volume-11 , Issue-6 , Dec 2024, ISSN 2347-7520 (Online)

• Open Access   Article

  Integrative Study of Traditional Medicinal Flora in Jorhat West

  Akash Jyoti Boruah, Khusboo Agarwal

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp.1-17, Dec-2024

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  Abstract
  The project examines the various use of these traditional medicinal plants in different fields and societies. For centuries, these plants have been used in traditional medicine, which is strongly influenced by cultural heritage, to heal various illnesses. These plants are essential for the primary healthcare systems in several parts of the world, particularly in countries such as India, Africa, and China. The research emphasizes how ethnobotany combines traditional knowledge with modern science, demonstrating its interdisciplinary nature and providing understanding on the creation of innovative pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, it explores the cultural importance and conservation of indigenous herbal remedies, stressing the need to uphold this ancestral knowledge for upcoming generations. For centuries, medicinal plants from traditional sources have been essential in healthcare for various cultures, serving as both remedies and key elements of cultural identity. These plants play a crucial role in the customs of native medicinal traditions such as Ayurveda, traditional Chinese medicine, and African traditional medicine. Preserving and documenting this knowledge is crucial, as it helps with biodiversity conservation and protecting cultural heritage.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Medicinal, Flora, Traditional, disease, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cultural practices

  References
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  Citation
  Akash Jyoti Boruah, Khusboo Agarwal, "Integrative Study of Traditional Medicinal Flora in Jorhat West," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.6, pp.1-17, 2024

• Open Access   Article

  Effect of Different Temperatures on Germination Parameters of (Coral Trees), Erythrina Lysistemon Seeds From Al-Bayda City, Libya

  Sami Mohammed Salih, Ahmed Amrajaa Abdulrraziq

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp.18-23, Dec-2024

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  Abstract
  In Libya, there are no papers on the effects of temperature on the germination of imported tree seed. So, this study aimed to determine the optimal temperature for Erythrina lysistemon seed germination. Over 10 days, germination tests were performed under five constant temperatures (5, 10, 20, 30 and 40°C), and two alternating temperatures (20-25 °C and 25-30 °C 12 h/ temperature) during the dark period after soaking the scratched seeds in distilled water for 24 hours. Results indicated that different temperatures significantly affected germination at (p < 0.05), in the reduction of germination percentage, mean germination time, mean daily germination, radical, plumule and seedling length, seedling vigor index, and fresh seedling weight. The results showed no seed germination occurred under the lowest temperature 5°C, or the highest one 40°C. On the contrary, the germination tests revealed that the optimum temperature was alternating temperature (25-30°C), Followed by constant temperature (30 °C), compared to other temperatures.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Erythrina lysistemon, Optimum temperature, Germination parameters, Al-Bayda City

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  Citation
  Sami Mohammed Salih, Ahmed Amrajaa Abdulrraziq, "Effect of Different Temperatures on Germination Parameters of (Coral Trees), Erythrina Lysistemon Seeds From Al-Bayda City, Libya," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.6, pp.18-23, 2024

• Open Access   Article

  Phenotypic Characterisation of Selected Cultivars of Manihot esculenta Crantz (Cassava)

  Otebe J.A., Jayeola A.A., Olawuyi O.J.

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp.24-33, Dec-2024

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  Abstract
  Various accessions of Manihot esculenta Crantz (cassava) exhibit notable morphological similarities in their stems, leaves, and root systems. The genetic enhancement of cassava relies heavily on the crop`s diversity and variability. This study focused on the characterisation of eleven cassava cultivars through morphological methods. The experiment, structured in a complete randomised design each with three replicates, underwent detailed statistical analysis using SAS version 2010. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences in the performance of the cultivars across all traits at p ? 0.05. Among the cultivars, Agric (White), Nwator, Allimeme (Brown), and Vitamin A (Brown) demonstrated superior growth characteristics. The trait with the highest heritability was the number of branches per plant, with an estimate of 99.79%, while the number of leaf lobes per plant showed the lowest heritability at 95.04%. At 327.37 and 327.71, respectively, the highest values of the Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) and Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) were found for the number of branches per plant. Conversely, the number of leaf lobes per plant accounted for the lowest GCV (9.24) and PCV (9.48). The most significant genetic advance was noted in the number of branches per plant (674.68), whereas the least was in the number of leaf lobes per plant (18.58). Plant height displayed a strong positive correlation with leaf area (r = 0.69) and a moderate positive correlation with stem girth (r = 0.51). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that Prin. 1 accounted for the largest proportion of variance, contributing 32.02% with an eigenvalue of 7.36. Consequently, Agric (White), Nwator, Allimeme (Brown), and Vitamin A (Brown) are promising cassava cultivars that merit documentation, hybridisation and conservation for the improvement of cassava germplasm.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Genetic variability, Manihot esculenta, Variance components, Heritability, Conservation

  References
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  Citation
  Otebe J.A., Jayeola A.A., Olawuyi O.J., "Phenotypic Characterisation of Selected Cultivars of Manihot esculenta Crantz (Cassava)," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.6, pp.24-33, 2024

• Open Access   Article

  Botanical Field Notes from Rajasthan with Records of New Plant Species

  Satish Kumar Sharma, Anil Sarsavan

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp.34-41, Dec-2024

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  Abstract
  This study explores the flora of Rajasthan, India, with a specific focus on documenting the species records new to flora of Rajasthan and the naturalization of some garden species in the wild. We identified several species exhibiting the phenomenon of naturalization, including Iochroma arborescens, Dysphania pumilio, Opuntia cylindrica, Cyperus alternifolius and Alternanthera philoxeroides. These five species are new also to the flora of Rajasthan. Additionally, the naturalization of cultivated species like Dodonaea angustifolia, Nerium oleander, and Tithonia diversifolia is also documented. The findings highlight the importance of continuous monitoring and updating of flora to reflect changes in the plant composition of a region. The study also reports interesting plant species occurrence in the gorges of Shahabad Tehsil area in Baran District which were earlier not reported for this region. New locations of occurrence of Borassus flabellifer is also listed in the present paper.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Flora of Rajasthan, Garden species, Naturalization, New Species records

  References
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  [8] Nampy, S., D.K. Venugopal, D. Fransis and V. Mohan, “New record of Iochroma arborescens (Solanaceae) for India, a potential invasive plant from America with notes of its typification”, Rheedea Vol. 29 Issue 3, pp. 222-226, 2019.
  [9] Prasad, V.P., D. Mason, J.E. Marburger and C.R. Ajith Kumar, “Illustrated Flora of Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur, Rajasthan”, Bombay Natural History Society & Oxford University Press, Mumbai, India, pp. 1-435, 1996.
  [10] Sharma, N., “The flora of Rajasthan”, Aavishkar Publishers, Jaipur, India, pp. 1-280, 2002.
  [11] Sharma, S. and B. Tiagi, “Flora of North-east Rajasthan”, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi & Ludhiana, India, pp. 1-540, 1979.
  [12] Sharma, S.K. and F. Banu, “Addition to the flora of Rajasthan”, Indian Journal of Environmental Science, Vol. 21, Issue 1, pp. 46-48, 2017.
  [13] Sharma, S.K., “Biodiversity of Baran District, Rajasthan”, Unpublished report submitted to Collector Baran, Rajasthan, pp. 1-94, 2016.
  [14] Shetty, B.V. and V. Singh, “Flora of Rajasthan”, Vol. I, II & III. Botanical Survey of India, pp. 1-1246, 1987,’91,’93.
  [15] Singh, V. and A.K. Shrivastava, “Biodiversity of Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan”, Scientific Publishers Jodhpur, India, pp. 1-415, 2007.
  [16] Sushilkumar, S. Sondhia and K. Vishwakarma, “Occurrence of alien alligator weed in India with special reference to its infestation in some districts of Madhya Pradesh”, Indian Journal of Weed Science, Vol. 41, Issue 3&4, pp. 185-187, 2009.
  [17] Suthari, S., B.R. Kiran and M.N.V. Prasad, “Health risks of leafy vegetable Alternanthera philoxeroides (Alligator weed) rich in phytochemicals and minerals”, The EuroBiotech Journal, Vol. 1, Issue, 4, pp. 393-302, 2017.
  [18] Tiagi, Y.D. and N.C. Aery, “Flora of Rajasthan (South and South-East Rajasthan)”, Himanshu Publications Udaipur and New Delhi, India, pp. 1-725, 2007.
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  Citation
  Satish Kumar Sharma, Anil Sarsavan, "Botanical Field Notes from Rajasthan with Records of New Plant Species," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.6, pp.34-41, 2024

• Open Access   Article

  Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Extracts From Sesame Leaves and Root on the Germination and Seedlings Growth of Maize and Sorghum

  Bilkisu Abdulaziz, A.J. Nayaya, M.N. Yakubu

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp.42-47, Dec-2024

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  Abstract
  A laboratory and screen house experiment was carried out to investigate the allelopathic impacts of sesame (Sesamum indicum) leaf and root extracts at concentrations of 0%, 5%, 25%, 50%, and 75% on the germination, root and shoot development, seedling growth, plant height, leaf count, fresh and dry weight, germination rate, germination percentage, and photosynthetically active radiation in maize and sorghum seedlings. The findings revealed that the highest germination rates occurred at 5% and 25% concentrations, as well as in the control plants, showing statistically significant differences at (P<0.05). Conversely, germination was reduced at 50% concentration and completely inhibited at 75% concentration in root extract treatments. Measurements of plumule and radicle length, along with fresh and dry weights, demonstrated notable differences in maize when compared to sorghum. Moreover, root growth exhibited greater sensitivity to the allelopathic effects than shoot growth, a pattern similarly reflected in plant height and leaf numbers. The vigor index, germination rate index, and germination percentage were highest in the 5%, 25%, and control treatments for both maize and sorghum, while these parameters were lowest at 50% and 75% concentrations. These results indicate that lower concentrations of leaf or root extracts exert minimal effects on germination and seedling development in both maize and sorghum, with the intensity of the impact being concentration-dependent.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Allelopathic, Aqueous, Sesame, Leaves, Root, Germination, Seedlings, Growth, Maize, Sorghum

  References
  [1] Dhanu U., Sheeja K. R, Shalini P.R., Ameena1, M., Jacob, D. and Atul J. “Stimulatory effect of sesame on the germination and seedling growth of Melochia corchorifolia L”. Indian Journal of Weed Science, Vol. 54, Issue 3, pp. 341–344, 2022.
  [2] Alam,S.M, S.A Ala, A.R. Azmi, M.R. Khan and R. Ansari, 2001. “Allelopathy and its role in agriculture”. Online journal of Biological Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue 2, pp. 308-315, 2001.
  [3] Dana ED and Domingo F. “Inhibituary effects of aqueous extract of Acacia retinodes Schltdl., Euphorbia serpens L. and Nicotiana glauca Graham on weeds and crops”. Allelopathy journal,Vol. 18, Issue 2, pp. 323-330, 2006.
  [4] Tesfay, A. Allelopathic Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Parthenium (Parthenium Hysterophorus L.) Parts on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Journal of Agriculture and Crops, Vol. 4, Issue 12, pp. 157-163, 2018.
  [5] Farooq, M., Jabran, K. Cheema, Z. A., Wahid, A. and Siddique, K.H.M. “Exploiting allelopathy for sustainable agriculture”. Pest Management Science. Vol. 67, Issue 23, pp. 493-506, 2011.
  [6] Jabran, K., and Farooq, M. “Implications of potential allelopathic crops in agricultural systems”. In Allelopathy. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Vol. 2, Issue 5, pp. 349-385, 2013)
  [7] Olajire, A. A. and Azeez, L. “Total antioxidant activity, phenolic, flavonoid and ascorbic acid contents of Nigerian vegetables”. African Journal of Food Science and Technology. Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp. 22-29, 2011.
  [8] Rice, E. L.. “Allelopathy 2nd Ed.Academia press”, New York, 421p. 1984.
  [9] Sheeja K. Raj “Ascorbic acid contents of Nigerian Vegetables”, Journal of weed science, Vol. 54, Issue 3, pp. 341-344, 2022.
  [10] ISTA. “International seed Testing Association. International rules for seed testing”. Seed Science and Technology,Vol. 13, Issue 2, pp. 322-326, 1995.
  [12] Bhadoria, P. B. S. “Allelopathy: a natural way towards weed management”. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, Vol. 1, Issue, 3, pp. 7–20, 2011.
  [13] Devi, O. I. and Dutta, B. K., “Allelopathic effect of the aqueous extract of parthenium hysterophorus and chromolaena odorata on the seed germination and seedling vigour of zea mays l”. Academic Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue. 4, pp. 110-113, 2012.
  [14] Kruse, M., Strandberg, M and Strandberg, B. “Ecological effects of allelopathic plants”. a review National Environmental Research Institute Suleborg, Denmark, Vol. 6, Issue 10, pp. 234-254, 2000.
  [15] Akpan, E. N., Denise, E. M., Ezendiokwelu, E. L., et al.. “Growth response of seedlings of Zea mays (L.) to aqueous extract of Lycopodium clavatum (L.)”. MOJ Biol Med. Vol. 2, Issue 4, pp. 287?289, 2017.

  Citation
  Bilkisu Abdulaziz, A.J. Nayaya, M.N. Yakubu, "Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Extracts From Sesame Leaves and Root on the Germination and Seedlings Growth of Maize and Sorghum," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.6, pp.42-47, 2024

• Open Access   Article

  Fish Species Alburnus filippii (Kessler, 1877) (Carpiformes: Cyprinidae) in Fresh Water Body, Hama Governorate- Syria (First Record)

  R.H. Balloul, M.Y. Galiya, A.A. Mansour

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp.48-50, Dec-2024

  Abstract

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  Abstract
  The research was carried out from November 2022 to November 2023 to study the fish fauna in fresh water body of Al-Bireh Dam. Fish samples were collected using gill nets and hooks. The results showed the presence of the species Alburnus filippii (Kessler, 1877); one specimen measuring 9.7 cm long and weighing 150 g, was recorded for the first time in Syrian fresh waters. This species is characterized by eye locating on the upper side of the head, and the presence of a black line on both sides of the body extending from the edge of the eye to the front of the caudal fin. The ventral region with a black spot in the front of the abdomen, while the dorsal color is dark. The scales are firmly attached to the skin.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Biodiversity; Alburnus filippii; Hama: Syrian fresh water: Cyprinidae; Pharyngial teeth

  References
  [1] Joseph. C. Terry C and M. Wilson“Fishes of the world,” Polished sinultan,cously , Canada,pp.751-755, 2016.
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  [3] National Study Biodiversity in the Syrian Arab Republic , “Publications of the Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs,” Biodiversity Unit, pp.107, 2016.
  [4] B.A. Issa, S. Adeeb, A. Abd Allatif, Sh. Tahar , “Specific Composition of Fauna Fishes in the Lower part of Alkabir Alshemali River (Latakia). Syrian”, Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.351-366, 2020.
  [5] G.A. Mohammad, H. Mohammad, H. Battoul A ,”A Contribution To The Study Of The Qualitative and Quantitative Composition of Fish Fauna in The 16 Tishreen Dam Lake (Al-Kabir Al-Shamali River - Syria)”, Tishreen University Journal for Studies and Scientific Research Basic Sciences Series, Vol.36, Issue.2, pp.276-261, 2015.
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  [7] K. Khalil ,” Study of the Qualitative and Quantitative Composition of Fish in the African river and the nutritional spectrum of some economic species”,Ph.D thesis, Aleppo University, pp.55-70, 2012.
  [8] Alkhalaf Ahmad,,H. Karbaj, k. Mohammad,” A study of qualitative Composition Relative Storage assessment food spectrum of Fish in Tishreen Lake.Aleppo” Ph.D thesis, Dept. Science, Aleppo Univ, Syria, 2015.
  [9] G.A. Mohammad, F.l Iqbal,” A Contribution to the Study of the Biodiversity of Young Freshwater Fish in Some Aquatic Environments of the Syrian Coast”, Tishreen University Journal Basic Sciences Series, Vol.26, No.1, pp.224-205, 2004.
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  [12] W. Beckman,” The freshwater fishes of Syria and their generabiolgic and management” FAO Fishery Biology, Roma, pp.297, 1962.
  [13] J. Vesilave ,” Guide to taxonomy of freshwater fish in fauna USSR”, Prosveni, Moscow, pp.238, 1977.
  [14] V. Sokolov ,” Dictionary of animal names in five languages Fishes”. Russ Kyazyk Publishers. Moscow, pp.733-736,1989.
  [15] E. Mark,” Britain`s Freshwater Fishes”, Princeton University, USA, pp.144, 2016.
  [16] A. Jouladeh, H. Ghanavi, I. Doadrio,” Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment”, Zoological Studies, Vol.59, Issus.21, pp303, 2020

  Citation
  R.H. Balloul, M.Y. Galiya, A.A. Mansour, "Fish Species Alburnus filippii (Kessler, 1877) (Carpiformes: Cyprinidae) in Fresh Water Body, Hama Governorate- Syria (First Record)," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.6, pp.48-50, 2024