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  Molecular Cytogenetic Analyses and Sequencing in jute Corchorus species: An Amalgamation of Recent Advances and Research

  Neelabh Datta

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp.67-75, Apr-2022

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  Abstract
  Genomic DNA (gDNA) from Corchorus olitorius O four was used for the High Throughput Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) podiums. About 50-fold coverage of Jute`s genome sequencing data was intended for the recombination assignment. Molecular analysis of repetitive DNA sequences, which account for a large percentage of plant genomes, has not been conducted in jute, but it may be useful for studying chromosome long-range organization. Several open-source and industrial-grade genome assemblage and annotation conduits were used for accumulating and appraise raw statistics. For authenticating the genome project, a transcriptome genome and proteome assessment were additionally also implemented for which evaluated data is assessed by exceptional computing resources, ranging from an overall high- performance cluster server to Dell servers, were used. The jute plant is well adapted to grow in hot and humid climates; however, it is typically grown in a wide range of climatic conditions. Abiotic stress can limit its growth, yield, and quality and affects the metabolism, growth, physiology, and fiber yield of the plant. Despite jute`s adaptedness to grow.in hot and humid climates, its growth can be adapted to a wide range of climates and it is relatively resistant to some environmental stresses. However, abiotic stress hinders both jute`s growth, yield, and quality significantly. Jute is restricted in its growth, yield, and quality significantly by abiotic stress. Abiotic stress directly affects jute`s metabolism, growth, physiology, and fiber yield. However, the utmost proficient array of 858 EST was deposited in the Gene Bank database. Ostensibly, the communal record is far from satisfactory to apprehend the molecular machinery of filamentous biosynthesis. In this review I will cite some of the recent information in the field of sequencing and analysis of Jute (Corchous species) plant by which we can develop jute varieties that are highly productive, saline-tolerant, and produce good quality fibre, including strength and color.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Corchorus olitorius, Corchorus capsularis, OsNHX1 antiporter, oxidative stress, fibro biogenesis, jute, karyotype, EST, transgenic plant

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  Citation
  Neelabh Datta, "Molecular Cytogenetic Analyses and Sequencing in jute Corchorus species: An Amalgamation of Recent Advances and Research," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.2, pp.67-75, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  Microwave Heat Treatment Effects on the Microbial Profile of Some Ready-To-Eat Street Vended Snacks

  Oleghe P.O., Orhewere R.D.A., Orhewere V.A., Oboh J.E.

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp.76-83, Apr-2022

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  Abstract
  The effect of heat treatments on the microbial population of plantain chips and roasted groundnut using microwave sterilization was carried out with the aim of improving food safety of various ready-to-eat street vended Nigerian snack foods. The samples were purchased from different food snacks vendors within Auchi Metropolis and immediately taken to the laboratory for analysis. The samples were divided into four parts and subjected to microwave heat treatments at 72oC for 10, 20 and 30 minutes with the control not treated with any form of heat. Thereafter, each sample were analysed for their microbial density and quality using standard microbiological procedures. The results revealed a reduction in the microbial density of the samples as heat treatment time increased especially among the bacteria population, but the fungal load was not as linear. The microbial quality analysis showed that plantain chips contained some microorganisms which survived the heat treatment and could be of public health importance, although their numbers were within the recommended tolerable limits for ready- to-eat foods. It is therefore imperative to educate and sensitize food producers especially ready-to-eat street vended snack food handlers on the necessary sanitary protocols needed to assure food safety during food preparations.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Microwave heat treatment, Microbial profile, Ready-to-eat foods, Street vended snacks

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  Citation
  Oleghe P.O., Orhewere R.D.A., Orhewere V.A., Oboh J.E., "Microwave Heat Treatment Effects on the Microbial Profile of Some Ready-To-Eat Street Vended Snacks," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.2, pp.76-83, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  Benthic Macroinvertebrates as Indicators of Water Quality in Asejire Reservoir, Southwest Nigeria

  Godwin I. Asibor, Israel F. Adeniyi

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp.84-90, Apr-2022

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  Abstract
  The water quality assessment of Asejire reservoir was carried out using benthic macroinvertebrates. Ten sampling stations were selected based on the reaches, vegetation pattern and impact of human activities on the reservoir using a Van Veen grab sampler. Collection and identifications was done using standard identification keys. Physicochemical parameters were determined using standard methods. The mean range of physicochemical parameters studied were; electrical conductivity 108±4.01µS/cm, pH 7.78±0.26, water temperature 26.19±0.38 0C, water transparency 1.46±0.13mg/L, TDS 85.0±4.32mg/L), turbidity 11.2±0.45 NTU, dissolved oxygen 4.57±0.27mg/L, biological oxygen demand 0.77±0.29 mg/L, with low values for phosphate, nitrate, sulpgate and chloride. There was no significant difference between the sampling sites in physicochemical parameters (p<0.05). Thirty-six (36) species belonging to Class Insecta, Arachnida, Malacostraca, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Hirudinea and Gordiodea were identified and accounted for 8545 individuals. Increasing dominance of benthic macroinvertebrates followed: Insecta (50%), Gastropoda (27.8%), Bivalvia (8.3%), Malacostraca (5.6%), Arachnida (2.8%), Hirudinea (2.8%) and Gordiodea (2.8%). Correlation analysis between physicochemical parameters and macroinvertebrates showed a strong positive relationship (P<0.05). Presence of pollution intolerant species in most of the stations and accounting for more than 20% of the recorded individuals indicates a near-pristine ecosystem. However, the presence of pollution tolerant macroinvertebrates notably Chironomus sp. and Hirudo sp. in the Reservoir is a cause of concern and this indicate that the reservoir may not be totally free from pollution and therefore there is the need to have a robust monitoring plan in place to control anthropogenic pollutants and put measures in place to halt the introduction of more pollutant tolerant species into the Reservoir.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  reservoir, benthic macroinvertebrates, physico-chemical, pollution, water quality

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  Citation
  Godwin I. Asibor, Israel F. Adeniyi, "Benthic Macroinvertebrates as Indicators of Water Quality in Asejire Reservoir, Southwest Nigeria," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.2, pp.84-90, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  Evaluation of Antitrypanosomal Activity of Tetracycline in Animal Model

  F.A. Rufa’i, M.D. Mukhtar

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.2 , pp.91-96, Apr-2022

  Abstract

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  Citation

  Abstract
  Trypanosomiasis remains a disease with unsatisfactory medical control. To date, its chemotherapy relies on suramin, pentamidine, melarsoprol and eflornithine. Each of these drugs is expensive, laborious to administer, lacks efficacy against some trypanosomes species and lead to some significant side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the Antitrypanosomal activity of Tetracycline in animal model. A total of 12 adult rats, 7 weeks old of both sexes were randomly divided into six groups (1, 2,3,4,5 and 6) of 2 animals each. All the Groups (1-6) were intraperitoneally infected with 0.1 ml of blood containing the parasites. Groups 1-4 received the tetracycline intraperitoneally at daily doses of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10mg/ml/kg body weight respectively, while Group 5 received standard Trypanosomal drug of 7.86mg/kg (suramin dose) which served as the Positive control and Group 6 was infected without any treatment (Negative control). Physiological, Physical and Behavioral Changes as well as Hematological parameters were all evaluated. There was decreased in the level of parasitaemia, decrease from higher to normal body temperature, increases in body weight and survival rate, as well as low pallor of the mucus membrane, loss of condition, pyrexia, lacrimation and aggression with high food consumption in all the tetracycline treated groups. More so, a significant decrease in mean PCV, Hgb, RBC, MCV, MCH and MCHC in all the treated groups often comparing with suramin treated group P-value <0.05. It was concluded that, Tetracycline can be considered as potent Antitrypanosomal agent and can be used in the treatment of trypanosomiasis.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  eflornithine, melarsoprol, parasitaemia, pentamidine, suramin

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  Citation
  F.A. Rufa’i, M.D. Mukhtar, "Evaluation of Antitrypanosomal Activity of Tetracycline in Animal Model," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.2, pp.91-96, 2022