Antibacterial Activity of Fungal Endophytes Isolated from Wattakaka volubilis (Linn.f.), A medicinal plant from Telangana, India.

A. Aruna¹ , M. Abhinesh² , V. Bhavani³ , V. Krishna Reddy⁴

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Isroset-Journal
Vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp.75-83, Feb-2019

CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v6i1.7583

Online published on Feb 28, 2019

Copyright © A. Aruna, M. Abhinesh, V. Bhavani , V. Krishna Reddy . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

View this paper at   Google Scholar | DPI Digital Library

XML View     PDF Download

How to Cite this Paper

814 Views    403 Downloads    101 Downloads

Abstract :
Endophytic fungi are known to produce a wide range of metabolites of pharmacological importance. Endophytes associated with medicinal plants are targets for intensive research. This research paper deals with the endophytic fungi isolated from Wattakaka volubili also known as Dudipala, a high valued medicinal plant in traditional medicine. A total of 39 fungal species representing mostly imperfect fungi were isolated from different plant parts. The fungal species varied with geographic and environmental conditions of the same host species. Among different genera, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Phoma and mycelia sterilia were dominant. Solvent extracts of five endophytic fungi viz Aspergillus oryzae, Diplodia andamanensis, Fusarium graminearum, Penicillium rubrum and Rhizoctonia bataticola were tested against four human pathogenic bacteria, Antibacterial activity varied with the fungus as well as solvent. The inhibitory activity is very prominent on E.coli. Hexanol and chloroform extracts activity is very close to streptomycin. In light of these observations it is recommended that the pure extracts need to further test for antibacterial activity.

Key-Words / Index Term :
Wattakaka volubilis, endophytic fungi; antibacterial activity

References :
[01]. G.F. Bill. “Isolation and analysis of endophytic fungal communities from woody plants”. See Ref. 126, pp. 31-65, 1996.
[02]. O. Petrini . ̋Fungal endophytes of tree leaves”. See Ref. 4a, pp. 179-97, 1991.
[03]. S.C. Redlin and L.M. Carris LM. “Endophytic Fungi in Grasses and Woody Plants. Systematics, Ecology and Evolution”. St. Paul: APS. pp.216, 1996.
[04]. D. Todd “The effects of host geno- type, growth rate, and needle age on the distribution of a mutualistic, endophytic fungus in
Douglas-fir plantations”. Can. J. For. Res.,18: pp.601-605, 1988.
[05]. B. Widler and E. Muller . “Untersuchun- gen uber endophytische Pilze von Arc- tostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Sprengel (Eri- caceae)”.
Bot. Helv. 94: pp. 307-337, 1984.
[06]. K.E. Hammon and S.H. Faeth . “Ecology of plant-herbivore communities”: a fun- gal component. Nat. 1: pp.197-208, 1992.
[07]. K.A. Salim , E. E1Beih AA, Abd , A. Rahman TM and Diwany. “Biology of endophyticfungi C”. Research in Envi. and Applied
Mycology 2 (1): pp.31- 82, 2012.
[08]. M. Thomas, P.T.A. Hepsibah , N.B.R. Prasad , and P. Sanjeev kumar. “Pharmacognostical and clinical Studies on Wattakaka
volubilis (Linn.f.)”. Ancient Science of life 4: pp. 277-281, 1996.
[09]. S. Najafi . “Studies on Wattakaka volubilis (L.F.) stap”. A medicinally important plant. Research journal of pharmaceutical,
biological and chemical sciences. ISSN: 0975-8585, vol2, 2011.
[10]. K.M. Nadkarni . Indian materia medica. Popular Prakashan Pvt Ltd: Mumbai 1: pp. 465, 2009.
[11]. K.R. Kirtikar and B.D. Basu. Indian Medicinal plants Periodical experts book agency, Delhi, III, pp: 1635-1636, 2006.
[12]. Anonymou, “The wealth of India, raw materials. National Institute of Science”,Communication Information Resources, New Delhi, X: Sp-W, pp. 564-565, 2003.
[13]. A. Alvin , K.I. Miller and B.A. Neilan. ,“Exploring the potential of endophytes frommedicinal plants as sources of antimicrobial
compounds”. Microbial Res, 169 (7): pp. 483-495, 2014.
[14]. R.K. Bhagobaty , S.R. Joshi and R. Kumar . “Penicillium verruculosum RS7PF: a root fungal endophyte associated with an
ethno-medicinal plant of the indigenous tribes ofeastern India”, African Journal Microbiological Research, vol.4, pp.766-770,
2010.
[15]. A. Nath, S.R. Chattopadhyay and Joshi SR. “Biological activity of endophytic fungi of Rauwolfia serpentina Benth: A ethno
medicinal plant used in folk medicines in Northeast India”, Proceedings of National Academy Sciences, India, Biological sciences, DOI 10.1007/s40011-013-0184-8, 2013.
[16]. N.L. Owen and N. Hundle. “Endophytes the chemical synthesizers inside plants”. Sci pro.87 (2): pp. 79-99, 2004.
[17]. J.M.A. Blair, M.A. Webber, A.J. Baylay , D.O. Ogbolu DO and L.J.V. Piddock . Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance.
Nat Rev Microbial, 13: pp. 42-51, 2015.
[18]. S. Selvanathan , I. Indrakumar and M. Johnpaul. “Biodiversity of the endophytic fungi Isolated from Calotropis gigantea (L.)”
R .Br. R. Research in Sci and Techno3: pp. 94-100, 2011.
[19]. J.K. Dobranic , L.A. Johnson and Q.R. Alikhan . “Isolation of endophytic fungi from eastern larch (Larix laricina) leaves from
New Brunswich”, Canadian .Journal of Botany. 41: pp. 194-198, 1995.
[20]. J.P. Marcellano , S. Alyssa ,R. collanto and G.Fuentes . “Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic fungi Isolated from the Bark of Cinnamomum mercadoi”. Pharmacogn j. 9 (3): pp. 405-409, 2017.
[21]. P.J. Fisher, O Petrini and B.C. Sutton. “A comparative study of fungal endophytes in leaves xylem and bark of Eucalyptus nitens
in Australia and England”. Sydowia, 45: pp.338-345, 1993.
[22]. P.J. Fisher, O. Petrini , L.E. Petrini, and B.C. Sutton. “Fungal endophytes from the leaves and twigs of Quercus ilex L. from
England Majorea and Switzerland”. New Phytol. 127: pp. 133-137, 1994.
[23]. T.S. Suryanarayanan, G. Venkatesan and T.S. Murali TS. “Endophytic fungal communities in leaves of tropical forest trees: Diversity and distribution patterns”, Current Science 85 (4): pp.486 – 492, 2003.

[24]. K. Singh, J.C. Frisvad , U. Thrane and S. Mathur S. “An illustrated manual on identification of some seed-borne Aspergilli,
Fusaria, Penicillia”. pp. 31-69, 1991.
[25]. H. Barnett and B. Hunter. “Descriptions and illustrations of genera. Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi” (4th ed.) American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 1998.
[26]. M.Radji,A.Sumiati,R. Rachmayani and B.Elya.’Isolated antibacterial activity’ African journal of Bioticnology 10 (1): pp. 103- 107, 2011.
[27]. G.A. Li JY, Strobel , R. Sidhu , W.M. Hess and E. Ford . “Endophytic taxol producing fungi from Bald Cypress Taxodium distichum”. Microbiology 142, pp. 2223-2224, 1996.
[28]. B. Paulus, J. Kanowski , P. Gadek andK.D. Hyde KD. “Diversity and Distribution of saprobic microfungi in leaf litter of on
Australian tropical rainforest”. Mycological Research 110: pp.1441 -1454, 2006.
[29]. C.W. Bacon and J.F. White. Microbial Endophytes. Marcel Deker, NewYork, USA, 2000.
[30]. Y. Huang, J. Wang, Z. Li, G Zheng,W. Su . “Antitumor and antifungal activities in endophytic fungi isolated from pharmaceutical plants Taxus mairei, Cephalataxus fortunei and Torreya grandis”. FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology 31, pp.163– 167, 2001.
[31]. A.E. Arnold, “Understanding the diversity of foliar endophytic fungi: progress, challenges, and frontiers”. Fungal Biology Reviews 21, pp.51–66, 2007.
[32]. W.Y. Huang,Y.Z. Cai , J. Xing , H. Corke and M. Sun “.Potential antioxidant resource: endophytic fungi isolated from
traditional Chinese medicinal plants”. Economic Botany 61, pp.14–30, 2007.
[33]. D. Zhou and K.D. Hyde KD. “Host-specificity, host-exclusivity, and host-recurrence in saprobec fungi”. Mycological Research
105, pp.1449–1457, 2001.
[34]. S.D. Cohen. “Host selectivity and genetic variation of Discula umbrinella isolates from two oak species: analyses of intergenic
spacer region sequences of ribosomal DNA”. Microbial Ecology 52, pp.463–469, 2006.
[35]. G. Strobel . “Endophytes as sources of bioactive products”. Microbes and Infection 5, pp. 535–544, 2003.
[36]. G. Strobel and B. Daisy. “Bioprospecting for microbial endophytes and their natural products”. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 67, pp.491–502, 2003.
[37]. R.X. Tan and W.X. Zou WX. “Endophytes: a rich source of functional metabolites”. Natural Product Reports 18, pp. 448–459, 2001.
[38]. B. Schulz, C. Boyl , S. Draeger and A.K. Römmert AK. “Endophytic fungi: a source of novel biologically active secondary metabolites”. Mycological Research 106, pp.996–1004, 2002.
[39]. B. Schulz, A.K. Römmert , U. Dammann ,D. Aust HJ and Strack . “The endophytehost interaction: a balanced antagonism”?
Mycological Research 103, pp. 1275–1283, 1999.
[40]. A. Garcia, S.A. Rhoden, J. Bernardi-Wenzel, R.C. Orlandelli , J.L. Azevedo and J.A. Pamphile,. “Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extracts of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Medicinal Plant Sapindus saponaria L”. J. of applied Pharma Sci 2 (10): pp.035-040, 2012.
[41]. Gu, Y. Wang, X. Sun and K.Tang. “Bioactive Natural Products from Endophytes”: A Review1. Applied Biochemistry and
Microbiology 44: pp. 136–142, 2008.
[42]. L. Yu H, Zhan, C. Li L, Zheng, L. Guo, L. Li W, P. Sun and L. Qin “Recent developments and future prospects of antimicrobial metabolites produced by endophytes”. Microbiological Research 165: pp.437–449, 2010.
[43]. C. Li, H. Qing, Y. Zhang and Z. Zhao. “Screening for endophytic fungi with antitumor and antifungal activities from Chinese medicinal plants”. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 21: pp. 1515–1519, 2005.