Physicochemical and analytical characterization of biosurfactant produced by Serratia rubidaea KAP

Anuradha S. Pendse¹ , K. Aruna²

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp.25-40, Apr-2020

Online published on Apr 30, 2020

Copyright © Anuradha S. Pendse, K. Aruna . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

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Abstract :
In an attempt to replace the chemical compounds that may potentially disrupt the environment, biological sources has been exploited extensively for characteristic recovery of their metabolic products. The present study was carried out with a similar attempt to characterize the biosurfactant produced by Serratia rubidaea KAP isolated from oil polluted soil sample. The biosurfactant sample was analyzed qualitatively by the Thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) technique which indicated the presence of proteins, carbohydrates (with rhamnose as major sugar) and lipids. This was further confirmed by High Performance-TLC technique. The concentration of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids were also quantified using suitable colorimetric and gravimetric techniques. They were estimated to be 11%, 37% and 51.09% respectively in the biosurfactant sample. It was further characterized to be ionic in nature, on the basis of agar double diffusion method. The analytical tests including Fourier Transformed Infra-Red spectrum and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy confirmed the presence of rhamnolipids. The biosurfactant further showed a critical micelle concentration of 62%. Moreover, the stability studies indicated considerable biosurfactant activity at a wide range of temperature (from 4°C -100°C), alkaline pH and in an environment of salinity up to 12%. Thus, these results strongly suggest that the biosurfactant produced by S. rubidaea KAP can be useful in industries which operate at extreme conditions of pH, temperature and salinity e.g., pharmaceutical, cosmetics, food industries, and for bioremediation in the marine environment.

Key-Words / Index Term :
Biosurfactant, TLC, Rhamnolipid, Serratia rubidaea, Stability

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