Diversity, Distribution, Nativity and Indigenous Uses of Crop Wild Relative of District Mandi Himachal Pradesh and Their Potential in Crop Improvement Programme

Tara Devi¹

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp.108-121, Feb-2021

Online published on Feb 28, 2021

Copyright © Tara Devi . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

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Abstract :
63 crop wild relatives (CWRs) 34 herbs, 12 Shrub and 17 trees, belonging to 25 Families and 42 genera has been documented from Mandi district (31°42` 29.4" N latitudes and 76° 55` 52.92" E longitudes) of Himachal Pradesh, North West Himalaya covering approximately 3,950 km2 area, comprising 469 panchayats and 3374 villages with 2, 19, 145 households. The total human populations of study area is 9, 99,777 and livestock population is 67355.Altitudinal range of study area varies from 500-4034 m. In this study family Rosaceae has been found dominant represented by 13 spp. followed by Fabaceae (5 spp.) among genera Rosa is found dominant represented by 5 spp. These plant resources are utilized as a source of food, fodder, fuel, oil, medicine, material and root stock for improvement of cultivated plants by local people, but their use and tradition knowledge of utilizing is on sharp decline. Due to population explosion and shrinking of agriculture land due to urbanisation, industrialization and modernization major challenge before researcher at present is to feed day by day growing population and ensure food security for coming generation. Further adverse environmental conditions followed by emergence of new pathogens and pest future crops have to thrive in a drier, warmer and more variable climatic conditions. All this necessity the production of novel crop varieties which are resistant to various biotic and abiotic stresses and also maintain natural biodiversity. CWRs are important source of the genes for breeding program because these have been evolving for thousands of years in adverse environmental conditions and possess a much higher degree of adaptability. They can provide germplasm for hybridisation and rootstock for grafting of commercial crops. To ensure food security CWRs need to be utilized efficiently in crop improvement and breeding programme for better outcome.

Key-Words / Index Term :
Crop wild relatives (CWRs), Breeding program, Crop improvement, Food security

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