Toxicity of Solanum surattense against freshwater host snail Indoplanorbis exustus

Pradeep Kumar¹

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp.5-8, Jun-2021

Online published on Jun 30, 2021

Copyright © Pradeep Kumar . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

View this paper at   Google Scholar | DPI Digital Library

XML View     PDF Download

How to Cite this Paper

Abstract :
Fascioliasis is a serious parasitic zoonotic disease caused by Fasciola. The carrier of Fasciola is a freshwater host snail Indoplanorbis exustus. The population of snail control is may be an effective technique for the control of fascioliasis infections. Synthetic molluscicides are effective for control of snail population but their cause’s adverse effect on non-target organisms and aquatic environment. Some plant families are potent sources of molluscicides. The present studies were designed for the evaluation of the molluscicidal efficacy of the medicinal plant Solanum surattense against snail I. exustus. Toxicity experiment of dried leaf powder of S. surattense and their organic extracts (ether, chloroform, methanol, acetone, and ethanol) and column purified was exposed against I. exustus and observed up to 96 hours (96h) at different concentrations of the treatments. Toxicity against I. exustus was noted at 24h interval up to 96h exposure and calculates lethal values and different parameters. Lethal Concentrations (LC50) of leaf powder of S. surattense were 24h exposure 185.26mg/l and at 96h 180.30 mg/l. The ethanolic extracts of dried leaf powder of S. surattense were more toxic against I. exustus among all the extracts. The present study shows that the S. surattense is a potent source of molluscicides and their different preparations revealed the new approaches that how the active components of this plant perform mode of action in the snail body.

Key-Words / Index Term :
Solanum surattense, Indoplanorbis exustus, Molluscicides, Liver fluke, Fascioliasis

References :
[1]. Z. M. Kuchai, M. M. Chishti, R. A. Zaki, S. T. Darmuzffer, J. Ahmad, H. Tak, “Some Epidemiological aspects of Fascioliasis among cattle of Ladakh”, Global Veterinarian, Vol. 7, Issue., 4, pp. 342-346, 2011.
[2]. E. Eshetu, N. Thomas, A. Awukew, A. Goa, B. Butako, “Study on the prevalence of Bovine Fasciolosis and Estimated financial losses due to liver condemnation: Incase of Angacha Woreda, Kambata Tembaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia”, J. Biology Agriculture and Healthcare, Vol. 7, Issue., 7, pp. 78-83, 2017.
[3]. P. Kumar, “Effect of Medicinal plant Potentilla fulgens against fecundity, hatchability and survival of Fasciola host snail Indoplanorbis exustus”, Indian Journal of Scientific Research, Vol. 11, Issue., 2, pp. 19-24, 2021.
[4]. S. Mas-Coma, M. D. Bargues, M. A. Valero, “Diagnosis of human fascioliasis by stool and blood techniques: update for the present global scenario”, Parasitology, Vol. 141, Issue., 1, pp. 1918-1946, 2014.
[5]. K. Cwiklinski, S. M. O’Neill, S. Donnelly, J. P. Dalton, “A prospective view of animal and human Fasciolosis”, Parasite Immunology, Vol. 38, pp. 558-568, 2016.
[6]. M. A. Caravedo, M. M. Cabada, “Human Fascioliasis: Current epidemiological status and strategies for Diagnosis, Treatment, and control”, Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine, Vol. 11, pp. 149-158, 2020.
[7]. S. Mas-Coma, M. D. Bargues, M. A. Valero, “Fascioliasis and other plant borne trematode zoonosis”, International Journal of Parasitology, Vol. 35, pp. 1255-1278, 2005.
[8]. O. Singh, R. A. Agarwal, “Toxicity of certain pesticides to two economic species of snails in northern India”, Journal of Economic Entomology, Vol. 74, pp. 568-571, 1981.
[9]. P. Kumar, D. K. Singh, “Molluscicidal activity of Ferula asafoetida, Syzygium aromaticum and Carum carvi and their active components against the snail Lymnaea acuminata”, Chemosphere, Vol. 63, pp. 1568-1574, 2006.
[10]. J. P. Dalton, “Fasciolosis”, CAB International Publishing, Wallingford, Oxon, UK. 1999.
[11]. P. Kumar, V. K. Singh, D. K. Singh, “Bait formulation of molluscicides with attractants amino acids against the snail Indoplanorbis exustus”, Pharmacologyonline, Vol. 3, pp. 536-542, 2011.
[12]. P. Kumar, V. K. Singh, D. K. Singh, “Attractant food pellets containing molluscicides against the fresh water snail Indoplanorbis exustus”, Global Veterinaria, Vol. 8, Issue., 2, pp. 105-110, 2012.
[13]. P. Kumar, K. Sunita, V. K. Singh, D. K. Singh, “Fecundity, hatchability and survival of Indoplanorbis exustus fed to bait containing attractant and molluscicides”, New York Sci. J, Vol. 7, Issue., 3, pp. 1-5, 2014.
[14]. P. Kumar, K. Sunita, V. K. Singh, D. K. Singh, “Feeding of bait containing attractant and sublethal dose of different molluscicides and the reproduction of snail Indoplanorbis exustus”, Eur. J. Biol. Res, Vol. 6, Issue., 1, pp. 50-55, 2016.
[15]. P. Kumar, K. Sunita, D. K. Singh, “Molluscicidal activity of different organic root extract of Potentilla fulgens against liver fluke vector snail Indoplanorbis exustus”, Asian J. Anim. Sci, Vol. 12, pp. 30-35, 2018.
[16]. P. Kumar, “A Review-On Molluscs as an Agricultural Pest and their control”, International Journal of Food Science and Agriculture, Vol. 4, Issue., 4, pp. 383-389, 2020.
[17]. A. Singh, D. K. Singh, T. N. Mishra, R. A. Agarwal, “Molluscicide of Plant origin”, Bio. Agric. And Horti, Vol. 13, pp. 205-252, 1996.
[18]. R. N. Singh, P. Kumar, N. Kumar, D. K. Singh, “Efficacy of binary combination of deltamethrin+MGK-264 on level of biochemical changes in the snail Lymnaea acuminata”, Int. J. of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. 12, Issue., 8, pp. 111-116, 2020.
[19]. P. Kumar, D. K. Singh, “Molluscicidal activity of some common spices against Indoplanorbis exustus”, Environmental Pollution and Toxicology, APH Publishing, Chapter XII: 105-114, 2008.
[20]. P. Kumar, V. K. Singh, D. K. Singh, “Kinetics of enzyme inhibition by active molluscicidal agent ferulic acid, umbelliferone, eugenol and limonene in the nervous tissues of snail Lymnaea acuminata”, Phytotherapy Research, Vol. 23, Issue., 2, pp. 172-177, 2009.
[21]. C. P. Khare, “Indian Medicinal Plants, an Illustrated Dictionary”, Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, New Delhi, India, pp. 615, 2007.
[22]. M. P. Singh, S. B. Malla, S. B. Rajbhandari, A. Manandhar, “Medicinal plants of Nepal-retrospects and prospects”, Econ. Bot, Vol. 33, pp.185-198, 1979.
[23]. P. V. Vaidyaratnam, “Indian medicinal plants: a compendium of 500 species”, Madras: Orient Longman Ltd, pp. 59-64, 1994.
[24]. A. U. Khan, A. W. Khan, “Antidepressant effect of Solanum surattense Burm. F”, The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, Vol. 29, Issue., 4, pp.1188-1192, 2019.
[25]. L. V. Amirtharaj, N. Srinivasan, S. Abburi, K. Karthikeyan, S. Mahalaxmi, “Evaluating the Analgesic Efficacy of Solanum surattense (Herbal Seed Extract) in Relieving Pulpal Pain- An in vivo study”, Dentistry, Vol. 5, pp. 1, 2015.
[26]. K. Ramar, V. Nandagopalan, “Rapid in vitro propagation of medicinally important plant Solanum surattense”, Int. J. Pharm. Life Sci, Vol. 2, pp. 499-501, 2011.
[27]. K. Muthalik, K. Paridhavi, M. U. N. Rao, “Antipyretic and analgestic effect of leaves of Solanum surattense Linn in rodents”, Indian Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 35, pp. 312-315, 2003.
[28]. P. K. Pawar, V. L. Maheshwari, “Agarobacterium rhizogene mediated hairy toot induction in two medicinally important members of family Solanaceae”, Indian Journal of Biotechnology, Vol. 3, pp. 414-417, 2003.
[29]. J. L. Robertson, R. M. Russell, H. K. Preciter, N. E. Savin, “Bioassay with arthropods data”, 2nd Eds. Taylar and Francis, CRC press, pp. 1-224, 2007.
[30]. Y. Garedaghi, A. Khaki, “Evaluation of the effectiveness of ethanolic extract of Solanum surattense against Plasmodium Berghei in comparison with chloroquine in Sourian Mice using in vivo tests”, Crescent Journal of Mecical and Biologcal Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue., 3, pp. 76-79, 2014.
[31]. P. Suhas, J. Vijaya, S. Prasanna, S. Sudhir, “Screening of whole plant extract of Solanum surattense for antibacterial activity”, Int. J. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. 1, Issue., 1, pp.110-114, 2009.
[32]. P. Debey, P. C. Gupta, “A new flavonol glycosides from the flowers of Solanum xanthocarpum”, Phytochemistry, Vol. 17, pp. 613, 1936.
[33]. S. Siddiqui, S. Faizi, “Studies in the chemical constituents of the fresh berries of Solanum xanthocarpus”, Journal of Chemical Society of Pakistan, Vol. 5, pp. 99-101, 1983.
[34]. S. V. Tupkari, A. N. Saoji, V. K. Deshmukh, “Phytochemical study of Solanum xanthocarpum”, Planta Med, Vol. 22, pp. 184-187, 1972.
[35]. G. Kusano, J. Beisler, Y. Sato, “Steroidal constituents of Solanum xanthocarpum”, Phytochemistry, Vol. 12, pp. 397-401, 1973.
[36]. E. Sheeba, “Antibacterial activity of Solanum surattense Burm. F”, Kathmandu University Journal of Science Engineering and Technology, Vol. 6, pp. 1-4, 2010.
[37]. K. P. Mahesh, K. Murugan K, K. Kovendan, C. Panneerselvam, K. K. Prasanna, D. Amerasan, J. Subramaniam, K. Kalimuthu, T. Nataraj, “Mosquitocidal activity of Solanum xanthocarpum fruit extract and copepod Mesocyclops thermocyclopoides for the control of dengue vector Aedes aegypti”, Parasitol Res, Vol. 111, Issue., 2, pp.609-18, 2012.
[38]. S. M. H. Ayoub, L. K. Yankov, “The molluscicidal factor of tannin-bearing plants”, Int. J. Crude Drug. Res, Vol. 24, pp.16-18, 1986.
[39]. Y. Bahuguna, V. Juyal, K. Gusain, “Pharmacological evaluation of Solanum surattense leaves for antiulcer activity”, International Journal of Pharmacy Research, Vol. 1, Issue., 2, pp. 253-259, 2008.
[40]. S. Kumar, A. K. Pandey, “Medicinal attributes of Solanum xanthocarpum fruit consumed by several tribal communities as food: an in-vitro antioxidant, anticancer and anti HIV perspective”, BMC Complement Altern Med, Vol. 14, pp. 112, 2014.
[41]. D. Mathur, R. C. Agrawal, “Withania coagulans: A review on the morphological and pharmacological properties of the shrub”, World Journal of Science and Technology, Vol.1, Issue., 10, pp. 30-37, 2011.
[42]. K. R. Kiritikar, B. D. Basu, “Indian Medicinal Plant’, 2nd ed. Dehradun: Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, pp.1759-1762, 2005.
[43]. R. K. Gupta, T. Hussain, G. Panigrahi, A. Das, G. N. Singh, K. Sweety, M. Faiyazuddin, C. V. Rao, “Hepatoprotective effect of Solanum xanthocarpum fruit extract against CCl4 induced acute liver toxicity in experimental animals”, Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, Vol. 4, Issue., 12, pp. 964-968, 2011.
[44]. K. K. Bhutani, A. T. Paul, W. Fayad, S. Linder, “Apoptosis inducing activity of steroidal constituents from Solanum xanthocarpum and Asparagus racemosus”, Phytomedicine, Vol. 17. Issue., 10, pp. 789-793, 2010.