Characterization, Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Properties of stem bark extract of Theobroma cacao (Cocoa)

Timilehin Francis Olaleye¹ , Oluwagbenga John Ogunbiyi²

1. Dept. of Industrial Chemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria & Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna, Nigeria.
2. Biology Unit, Faculty of Science, Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna, Nigeria.

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp.20-25, Dec-2022

Online published on Dec 31, 2022

Copyright © Timilehin Francis Olaleye, Oluwagbenga John Ogunbiyi . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

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Abstract :
Theobroma cacao (cocoa) is one of the medicinal plants that most of its properties is yet to be fully unravel as it is underutilized in most part of the countries. Several reports have focused on few of its uses in the area of ethno-medicine and folk medicine. The aim of this study is to characterize the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial properties of Theobroma cacao stem bark extract. The phytochemicals were extracted from dried milled stem bark of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) using solvent extraction method. The results showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, phenols, carboxylic acids and flavonoids. Antimicrobial acid metabolite indicates the presence of micro-organisms such as Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while the neutral and basic metabolites activities indicates nil-potential towards same micro-organisms. The proximate analysis of cocoa stem bark extract was also evaluated and the antimicrobial activities of the extract were compared with standard antibiotics.

Key-Words / Index Term :
Cocoa, Stem bark, Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, Metabolites, Characterization

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