MicroRNA Biogenesis, Mechanisms of Function, Circulation and Application Role in Human Diseases

Zahraa Isam Jameel¹

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp.71-80, Oct-2023

Online published on Oct 31, 2023

Copyright © Zahraa Isam Jameel . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

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Abstract :
The field of microRNA research has shown significant growth during the past decade. MicroRNA (miRNA) profiles have been identified as indicative of pathological conditions and have shown potential as biomarkers for diagnosing and evaluating human diseases. The mammalian genome encompasses a collection of more than 2200 miRNA genes, of which more than 1000 are attributed to the human genome. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as regulators of essential cellular functions, such as development, differentiation, growth, and metabolism. The influence of gene proximity within the genome and their positioning within introns of coding genes, noncoding genes, and exons has significantly impacted gene expression levels in eukaryotic cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit substantial conservation throughout eukaryotic creatures, suggesting their enduring importance as a component of gene regulation networks. In this study, we want to elucidate fundamental inquiries about the role of microRNAs in human disease and the consequential clinical implications of these molecules. This discussion focuses on micro-RNAs` role in epigenetics, cancer, and metabolic illnesses. Illustrative instances are drawn from cholangiocarcinoma and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Key-Words / Index Term :
miRNA, human disease, biogenesis, canonical pathway, epigenetics

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