Volume-4 , Issue-3 , Jun 2017, ISSN 2455-3174 (Online) Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  Solvent Extraction of Non Ferrous Metal using Calix(6)Arene

  Shirin Imam

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRCS)

  Vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp.1-3, Jun-2017

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  Abstract
  Calix(6) arenes are macrocyclic polyethers and supermolecular compounds having three dimensional structure of 4-8 bridged phenolic units with varying annular space in which metals can be trapped due to ionic interaction. The beauty of calix(6) arenes is that it is cone shaped with varying annular space ranging from 1.0-2.4. There is good possibility to change the annular space by varying *n* i.e. number of phenyl rings attached to the structure by having conformation as 1,3 or 1,2 alternate favoring the stereochemistry for the formation of complexes with metal with varying coordination number. Cobalt(II) was extracted at varying pH. At the pH range of 7-8 maximum extraction of cobalt is found. A stock solution of cobalt was prepared by dissolving cobalt chloride in distill water. A UV-visible spectrophotometer and digital pH meter was used in the experiment. It was seen that among various diluents toluene shows better separation. Cobalt(II) complex, was stripped by using 0.05 M nitric acid. The above method is simple, selective, fast and useful.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Cobalt, spectrophotometer, calix(6)arene, pH, supermolecule

  References
  [1]. Burusco Goñi KK, Cardiel J. “Methodological approach to conformational search”. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona,; 2009.
  [2]. Mathew VJ, Khopkar SM. “Hexaacetato calix (6) arene as the novel extractant for palladium”. Talanta, Vol.44, Issue.10, pp.1699-703, 1997.
  [3]. A. J. Petrella and C. L. Raston, “Calixarenes as platforms for the construction of multimetallic complexes,” Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, vol. 689, no. 24, pp. 4125–4136, 2004.
  [4]. C. D. Gutsche, “Calixarenes: An Introduction,” Royal Society of Chemistry Cambridge UK 2008.
  [5]. S. Shinkai, H. Koreishi, K. Ueda, T. Arimura, and O. Manabe, “Molecular design of calixarene-based uranophiles which exhibit remarkably high stability and selectivity,” Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 109, No. 21, pp. 6371–6376,Oct 2012.
  [6]. Kanamathareddy, S.; Gutsche, C. D. “Approaches to poly metallated calixarene derivatives,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115,6572
  

  Citation
  Shirin Imam, "Solvent Extraction of Non Ferrous Metal using Calix(6)Arene," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.4, Issue.3, pp.1-3, 2017

• Open Access   Article

  Synthesis and Characterisation of a Hydrophilic Support for Solid Phase Organic Reactions.

  K.C. Rohini, V.D. John, K.P. Subhashchandran

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRCS)

  Vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp.4-7, Jun-2017

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  Abstract
  Glycerol dimethacrylate cross-linked 4-vinyl pyridine (GDMA-4-VP) support with optimum hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance has been introduced as a new class of polymer support in manual solid phase organic synthesis. The synthesis of GDMA-4-VP resin is based on the crosslinking of GDMA with 4-VP (in various cross linking densities) using free radical polymerization, affording a polymer containing secondary hydroxyl groups in great yield and purity. Benzoyl peroxide was used as initiator for the synthesis of polymer either via bulk polymerization or via suspension polymerization in polyvinyl alcohol, the latter yielding a beaded resin. Characterization was done by SEM and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The resin was found to undergo good swelling in various solvents, polar and non- polar. The synthetic utility of GDMA-4-VP resin was demonstrated by preparing biologically active Angiotensin II. The purity of the peptide was checked by HPLC.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Solid phase synthesis, GDMA-4VP resin, suspension polymerization

  References
  [1]. F. Albericio ,F. G.Martin, “ Solid supports for the synthesis of peptides. From the first resin used to the most sophisticated in the market”,Chimica oggi,vol .26, Issue.4,pp.29-34,2008.
  [2]. P.C.Hodge ,D.CSherrington,”Polymer supported reactions in Organic Chemistry”,Wiley:Chichester,1998.
  [3]. M.Medal,”Solid phase peptide synthesis;Fields G.Ed,Academi press:New York, pp.83-104,1997.
  [4]. S.Zalipzky,J.L.Chang,F.Albercio and G.Barany,React.polym.,22,243,1994.
  [5]. H.Hellerman,H.W.Lucas,J.maul,V.N.R.pillai, M.Mutter, “Poly(ethylene glycol)s grafted onto cross-linked polystyrenes,2 multidetachably anchored polymer systems for the synthesis of solubilised peprtides”, Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics”Vol.184,Issue12,pp.2603-2617,1983.
  [6]. R.C.Sheppered,Peptides 1971,Proc.of the 11 th Europ.pept.Symp,Nesvadba H,Eds,`3vfc j3jNorth Holland,Amsterdam 1973.
  [7]. E.L.Boulpaep,W.F. Boron,” Medical Physiology: a Cellular and Molecular Approach”, St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders. pp. 771,2005.
  [8]. N. Basso , N.A.Terragno, "History about the discovery of the renin-angiotensin system". Hypertension,Vol38, Issue6,pp1246–9,2001.
  [9]. E. Atherton,R.C. Shepard, "Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis- A Practical Approach using the Fmoc-Polyamide Techinique" IRL Press, Oxford, 1984.
  [10]. M.Bodanszky, "Principles of Peptide Synthesis", Springer Verlag: New York, 1984.
  [11]. B. Merrifield,”Solid phase synthesis”, Science 232, pp.341-347,1986.
  

  Citation
  K.C. Rohini, V.D. John, K.P. Subhashchandran, "Synthesis and Characterisation of a Hydrophilic Support for Solid Phase Organic Reactions.," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.4, Issue.3, pp.4-7, 2017

• Open Access   Article

  Parthenium Hysterophorus (Carrot Grass) as the Raw Material for the Bio Polythene in the Future Prospect

  Snehlata Hada

  Review Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRCS)

  Vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp.8-9, Jun-2017

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  Present paper is related to green chemistry, also known as sustainable chemistry, is that branch of chemistry which focused on the designing of products and processes that minimize the utilization and production of harmful substances Green chemistry overlaps with all sub disciplines of chemistry but with a particular focus on chemical synthesis, process chemistry, and chemical engineering, in industrial applications. The rapid multiply of parthenium has been a threat to the biodiversity, sustainable production of many crops, human being strength and livestock. Control of parthenium is therefore critical to improve output of many crops as well as to conquer the loss of biodiversity. The parthenium can be kept control by enhancing its use in diverse aspect. Over exploitation of the weed for the beneficial use should be promoted for the propagation of the P. hysterophorus. Research should be encouraged for the potential utilization of this weed. Parthenium as the raw material for the bio polythene is the future prospect. The increased utilization of weed as, insecticide, pesticide, composite and the raw material for enzyme production can change the weed from a curse to a boon for civilization.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  parthenium,Bio polythene,Toxin,Carboxylic acid,Ethenol

  References
  [1]. Lomniczi de Upton, J.R. de la Fuentes, J.S.Esteve-Romaro;, “Chromatographic detection of sesquiterpene lactones in Parthenium plants from Northwest Argentina”, Journal of Liquid Chromatography, Vol.22, Issue.6, pp.909-921, 1999.
  [2]. Lijun Wang and Curtis L. Weller, “Recent Advances in extraction of nutraceuticals from plants”, Trends in Food Science and Technology, Vol.17, pp.300-312, 2006.
  [3]. Chen, G.; Patel, M., "Plastics derived from biological sources: Present and future: P technical and environmental review". Chemical Reviews, Vol.112, Issue.4, pp.2082–2099 ,2012.
  [4]. Werner Herz, Hiroshi Watanabe, Mokoto Miyazaki and Yukichi Kishida, “The Structures of Parthenin and Ambrosin”, Vol.8, pp. 2601-2610, 1962.
  [5]. Nitin T. Satao and N. H. Shinde, “Extraction of Parthenin from Parthenium Hysterophorus”, IJCPS, Vol. 3, No. 5, Sep-Oct 2014 ISSN:2319-6602.
  [6]. R. H. Myers, D. C. Montgomery, and C. M., “Anderson-Cook, Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments”, Wiley, New York, NY, USA, 3rd edition, 2009
  [7]. Aneja KR, Dhawan SR, Sharma AB, “Deadly weed, Parthenium hysterophorus L. - and its distribution”, Indian Journal of Weed Science, 23:14-18.
  [8]. Annapurna C, Singh JS, “Variation of Parthenium hysterophorus in response to soil quality: implications for invasiveness”, Weed Research (Oxford), Vol.43, Issue.3, pp.190-198; 2003.
  [9]. K. Pandiyan, R. Tiwari, S. Rana, “Comparative efficiency of different pretreatment methods on enzymatic digestibility of Parthenium sp”, ” World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 55–64, 2014.
  

  Citation
  Snehlata Hada, "Parthenium Hysterophorus (Carrot Grass) as the Raw Material for the Bio Polythene in the Future Prospect," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.4, Issue.3, pp.8-9, 2017