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• Open Access   Article

  The Process Optimization of Furostanol Saponins Extraction from the Aerial Part of Tribulus Terrestris

  Temurbek Khajibaev Atakhanovich, Ravshanjon Khalilov Murodjonovich

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)

  Vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp.1-7, Dec-2023

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  Abstract
  Data on the research of the selection of parameters of influencing factors to the stage extraction of furostanol saponins from Tribulus terrestris in the literature are not enough. This article presents the results of research on the stage of extraction of furostanol saponins from the aerial part of Tribulis terrestris. In this study, the optimal conditions for the extraction process were used technological methods, such as studying the effect of alcohol concentration, the degree of comminuting of raw materials, temperature, and process dynamics on the yield of furostanol saponins from the aerial part of Tribulus terrestris. To optimize the extraction process, the method of mathematical modeling of the experiment according to Box–Wilson. Determination of the yield of furostanol saponins was carried out by spectrophotometry method. During the study of the process of furostanol saponins extraction from the aerial part of Tribulus terrestris, it was found that the comminuted raw materials with a particle size of 2-6 mm are necessary to extract seven times with 70% ethanol at room temperature (20-25°C), the seventh overflow of which is used to enrich subsequent extraction. The necessary time insisting at the first contact of the phases should be at least 8 hours, by the second phase contact is achieved after 7 hours, the third and fourth - 6 hours, the fifth and sixth - 4 hours, and the seventh - 2 hours. The proposed conditions of furostanol saponins extraction from the aerial part of Tribulus terrestris approved by processing 40 tons of plant raw material at the Scientific Center for Technology to International GMP Requirements at the Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances. On the industrial scale, the introduced extraction conditions increased the extraction of furostanol saponins up to 96% of the content in the raw material.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Tribulus terrestris L., furostanol saponins, extraction, optimization, technological methods, process dynamics

  References
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  Citation
  Temurbek Khajibaev Atakhanovich, Ravshanjon Khalilov Murodjonovich, "The Process Optimization of Furostanol Saponins Extraction from the Aerial Part of Tribulus Terrestris," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.6, pp.1-7, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Biotransformation of isochroman through the phytopathogenic fungus Penicillium sp

  Murúa Sofía, Bustos Daniela

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)

  Vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp.8-12, Dec-2023

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  Abstract
  Through the present investigation, it was possible to isolate the compound 3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-3-one, better known as 3-isochromanone, as a result of a biotransformation process of isochromane by whole cells of Penicillium sp in medium. potato dextrose broth for 22 days. The product was isolated and purified by TLC and identified by proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The isolated molecule showed a greater antioxidant capacity, compared to the isochroman starting product, while it showed a lower cytotoxic activity against Artemia persimillis larvae. The present study shows the ability of the phytopathogenic fungus Penicillium sp to metabolize isochromane present in the culture medium, transforming it into a more polar molecule, introducing an oxygen atom into a non-reactive carbon.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Biotransformation, Isochroman, Fungi, Biological activities, Penicillium.

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  Citation
  Murúa Sofía, Bustos Daniela, "Biotransformation of isochroman through the phytopathogenic fungus Penicillium sp," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.6, pp.8-12, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Solvent Extraction of Bismuth (III) from Nitric Acid Solutions by Tri-n-butyl phosphate and Di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid

  Agho Timothy Imuetinyan, Archibong Ukeme Donatus

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)

  Vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp.13-20, Dec-2023

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  Abstract
  The solvent extraction of bismuth (III) ion from nitric acid solutions with two different extractants, tri-n-butylphosphate (TBP) and Di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) in n-heptane were investigated under different experimental conditions that could affect the beneficiation of bismuth metal. The effect of the following parameters; acid concentration, extractant concentration, temperature, pH and contact time were studied. The observed optimum conditions were applied to the extraction of bismuth (III) from its ore. From the equilibrium studies carried out at a contact time of 25 minutes, extractant concentration at 20 % volume/volume in n-heptane at 280C temperature and at pH value of 1 on bismuth (III) extraction from 2 Molar HNO3 solution, the optimum removal efficiency percent for TBP solvent was found to be E% = 97% and D2EHPA solvent was found to be E% = 92% respectively. TBP solvent was more efficient in the extraction of Bi (III) ion from acid leached Bismuth salt sample. Bismuth-xylenol orange spectrophotometry method at 545 nm was used to determine bismuth in all samples while electronic and infrared spectra were also used to clarify the nature of the organic extracts. The information from the data obtained was used in identifying the compounds present in the extracts and their properties.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  solvent extraction, bismuth (III), bismuth-complex, extractants, TBP, D2EHPA

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  Citation
  Agho Timothy Imuetinyan, Archibong Ukeme Donatus, "Solvent Extraction of Bismuth (III) from Nitric Acid Solutions by Tri-n-butyl phosphate and Di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.6, pp.13-20, 2023