Dynamic Analysis of Synchronous Machine at Varied Excitation Voltage and Quadrature axis Reactance

Crescent Onyebuchi Omeje¹ , Stephen Ejiofor Oti²

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp.16-29, Apr-2022

Online published on Apr 30, 2022

Copyright © Crescent Onyebuchi Omeje, Stephen Ejiofor Oti . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

View this paper at   Google Scholar | DPI Digital Library

XML View     PDF Download

How to Cite this Paper

Abstract :
The effects of a varied d.c excitation voltage on the speed and power output of two selected synchronous machines were analyzed in this paper through computer simulations. The steady state equations for a cylindrical rotor and salient pole synchronous machines were derived and simulated at different values of quadrature axis reactance. A varied excitation voltage values were also considered while a significant increase in the value of power output for the salient pole machine was obtained after simulation. The cylindrical rotor machine remained unaffected by the variation in the quadrature axis reactance. The dynamic equations for a salient pole machine were also modeled and simulated with simplified algorithms using embedded MATLAB Function block in ideal motor operating condition and under a three phase to ground fault. The simulation results showed an increase in real power and reactive power values at an increased excitation voltage. A rapid drop in speed and torque value was observed during a three phase to ground fault and was restored after six seconds. All Simulation results were achieved in MATLAB/Simulink software.

Key-Words / Index Term :
DC-Excitation; Dynamic Modeling; Real Power; Reactive Power; Synchronous Machine, Speed and Torque control.

References :
[1] L. Wieslaw, “Comparative Analysis of Energy Performance of Squirrel Cage Induction Motor Line-Start Synchronous Reluctance And Permanent Magnet Motors Employing The Same Stator Design,” Archives of Electrical Engineering, Vol. 69, No.4, pp. 967-981, 2020.
[2] P. Guglielmi, et al, “Permanent Magnet Minimization In Pm-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motors For Wide Speed Range,” IEEE Transaction on Industry applications, Vol.49, No.1, pp. 31-41, 2013.
[3] P.R. Viego, V. Sousa, J.R. Gomez, et al “Direct-Online Start Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motors with Ferrite Magnets for Driving Constant Loads,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vol. 10, No.1, pp.651-659, 2020.
[4] S. Stipetic, D. Zarko, N. Cavar, “Adjustment of Rated Current and Power Factor In A Synchronous Reluctance Motor Optimally Designed For Maximum Saliency Ratio,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 56, No.3, pp. 2481-2490, 2020.
[5] J.B. Gupta, Theory and Performance of Electrical Machines. S.K. Kataria & Sons Publisher New Delhi, 2013.
[6] L. Albert, N. Bianchi and S. Bolognani, “High Frequency D-Q Model of Synchronous Machines for Sensor - Less Control” .IEEE Transactions on Industrial Applications Vol. 55, No. 99, pp. 1-11, 2015.
[7] L. Alberti, N. Bianchi, M. Morandim and J. Gyselinck, “Small-Signal Finite Element Modeling of Synchronous Machines For Sensor Less Applications”. International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) Marsielle France, 2nd-5th September, pp. 2264-2270, 2012.
[8] H. Wu, “Small-Signal Modeling and Parameter Design for Vertical Synchronous Generators.” IEEE Trans.Ind. Electronics, Vol. 63, No.7, pp. 4292-4303, 2016.
[9] L. Alberti, N. Bianchi and S. Bolognani, “Comparison of Different Synchronous Machines For Sensor Less Drives”. In 39th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IECON) November pp. 8220-8226, 2013.
[10] C. Li, G. Wang, et al, “Saliency-Based Sensor less Control for Synchronous Reluctance Machine Drives with Suppression Of Position Estimation Error,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 66, No.8, pp. 5839-5849, 2019.
[11] W. Chai, W. Zhao, B. Kwon, “Optimal Design of Wound Field Synchronous Reluctance Machine to Improve Torque by Increasing the Saliency Ratio,” IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol. 53, No.11, pp. 1325-1335, 2017.
[12] V. Aguba, M. Muteba, D.V. Nicolae “Transient Analysis of a Start-Up Synchronous Reluctance Motor with Symmetrical Distributed Rotor Cage Bars,” AFRICON 2017, On-line: IEEE Xplore, pp.1290-1295, DOI: 10.1109/AFRICON.2017.8095668.
[13] C.M. Spargo, et al, “Application of Fractional Slot Concentrated Windings to Synchronous Reluctance Motor,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 51, No.2, pp. 1446-1455, 2015.
[14] A. Blanc, “Exciting Field and Quadrature Axis Armature Reaction In A Cascade Equivalent A-H Circuit of a Salient Pole Generator,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering . Vol. 10, No.2, pp.1674-1681, April, 2020.
[15] R. Jamil, I. Jamil, Z. Jinquan, I. Ming and W.Y. Dong. “Control and Configuration of Generator Excitation System as Current Mainstream Technology of Power System”. TC. Vol. 1 No.1, p.1, 2013.
[16] E.S. Obe, L.U. Anih and B.U. Akuru. “A Simple Excitation Control for an Isolated Synchronous Generator”. Nigerian Journal of Technology (NIJOTECH) Vol. 32, No.3, pp. 433-434, 2013.
[17] F. Rettinger, G. Huth, “Variable Speed PM Synchronous Motors with Ferrite Excitation,” Electrical Engineering, Vol. 99, No.2, pp. 639-648, 2017.
[18] S. Schmuelling, C. Kreischer and M. Goleblowsi, “Comparison of Different Methods for Excitation of Synchronous Machines”. KOMEL Vol. 107, pp. 89-93, 2015.
[19] S. Tsegaye and K.A. Fante, “Analysis of Synchronous Machine Excitation Systems: Comparative Study”. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology. International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering. Vol. 10, No.12, pp. 1492- 1496, 2016.
[20] J. Vedrana, M. Kresimir; and Z. Spoljaric. “Excitation System Models of Synchronous generator”. Faculty of Electrical Engineering Osijek, Croatia 28th International Conference on Science and Practice, 2010.
[21] IEEE Power Engineering Society, “IEEE Recommended Practice for Excitation System Models for Power System Stability studies,” IEE Std. 421-5-2005, IEEE New York, NY, USA, 2006.
[22] B. Wojciech, P. Kielan, Z. Kowalk, “Synchronous Reluctance Machine Drive Control with Fast Prototyping Card Implementation,” Archives of Electrical Engineering, Vol. 69, No.4 pp. 757-769, 2020.
[23] K. Paul, W. Oleg, S. Scott and P. Steven, “Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems”. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, Inc 2013.
[24] I. Tabatabaei, J. Faiz, H. Lesani and M.T. Nabavi-Razavi, “Modeling and Simulation of a Salient Pole Synchronous Generator with Dynamic Eccentricity Using Modified Winding Function Theory”. IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, Vol. 40, No. 3, pp. 1550-1555, 2004.
[25] C.O. Onah, and J. Reuben, “Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Salient Pole Synchronous Motor Using Embedded Matlab”. American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) Vol. 5, Issue 12, pp. 318-325, 2016.
[26] M. Mythili and K. Annapoorani, “Modeling of Salient Pole Synchronous Machine”. International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering. Vol. 3 No. 1 pp. 197-200, 2014.
[27] P.C. Krause, O. Wasynczuk and S.D. Sudhoff, Analysis of Electric Machinery, Piscataway: IEEE Press 2002.
[28] C.M. Ong, Dynamic Simulation of Electric Machinery Taiwan Prentice Hall PTR, 1998.
[29] Eya, C.U., Omeje, C.O. and Ukwejeh, J.M. Solar-powered five level output voltage of dc-ac converter using simplified capacitor voltage controlled scheme (SCVCS).” IEEE PES/IAS Power Africa Conference pp. 464-469, 2019.
[30] Omeje, C.O. Nnadi, D.B. and Odeh, C.I. Analysis of harmonic injection to the modulation of multilevel diode clamped converter in a normal and over modulation mode, Nigerian Journal of Technology vol. 32, pp. 67-80, 2013.
[31] Omeje, C.O. and Agu, M.U. Speed control of a squirrel cage induction motor with a balanced capacitor voltage fed multi-level diode clamped converter. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, vol.8 issue 12, pp. 135-141, 2019.