An Evolutionary Approach to Reinforcement Learning of Neural Network Controllers for Pendulum Tasks Using Genetic Algorithms

Hidehiko Okada¹

1. Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan.

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp.40-46, Feb-2023

Online published on Feb 28, 2023

Copyright © Hidehiko Okada . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

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Abstract :
Reinforcement learning of neural networks requires gradient-free algorithms because of the absence of labeled training data. Evolutionary algorithms, which do not rely on gradients, are a viable option for this purpose. To successfully train neural networks by evolutionary algorithms, we need to carefully choose appropriate algorithms because many algorithm variations are available. This paper experimentally evaluates the effectiveness of the Genetic Algorithm, a type of evolutionary algorithm, in training neural networks for reinforcement learning. The task selected for this evaluation is pendulum control. The results show that GA is capable of efficiently training a multilayer perceptron to maintain the pendulum in an upright position. The number of hidden units (8, 16 and 32) in the MLP was found to have no significant effect on the performance. Thus, GA could train the MLP to perform the task appropriately even with a small number of hidden units. Furthermore, the results of this study were compared with those obtained from Evolution Strategy, and it was observed that GA performed better than ES when the number of generations was given priority, while ES performed better when the population size was given priority.

Key-Words / Index Term :
Evolutionary algorithm, Genetic algorithm, Neural network, Neuroevolution, Reinforcement learning

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