Volume-8 , Issue-10 , Oct 2022, ISSN 2454-9312 (Online), 2454-6143 (Print) Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  Diversity, Structure, and Regeneration of Bishan Gari Forest, West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia: Implication for Conservation of Woody Species

  H. Wondu, A. Seyoum, D. Chala, S. Alemu

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.8 , Issue.10 , pp.1-10, Oct-2022

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  Abstract
  The study was conducted at Bishan Gari Forest in West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. The main aim was to determine florist composition, vegetation structure, and regeneration status, and identify major disturbance factors. Vegetation data were collected using systematic sampling and 40 plots of 10 × 50 m (500 m2) main quadrates for collecting tree and shrub species data, whereas 80 plots of 5 × 10 m (50 m2) were laid at every 100 m to collect seedling and sapling data. Google Earth Pro and QGIS version 2.18 were employed to define the boundary of vegetation, draw transect lines and plot sample plots along transect lines at a predetermined distance. All vegetation data analysis was carried out using the FGRCP Central Database, EXCEL, Stata version 13, and R software version 4.0.3 to determine the vegetation-environmental relationship. A total of 40 species belonging to 29 genera, 22 families, and 38 species were identified from the forest. The study vegetation comprised 62.5% trees, 27.5% shrubs, and 10% climbers/lianas. The overall diversity indices (D=0.65, H’=1.43 & J=0.7) for the entire forest portrayed lower diversity and higher evenness. Beyond to vertical structure category, Podocarpus falcatus, Ficus ovata, Ficus vasta, Celtis Africana, Mimusops Kummel, Syzygium guineense, Croton macrostachyus, and Cordia Africana were found in all vegetation strata. From the analysis of IVI 15 species required foremost priority for conservation, while aspect and slope gradient were identified, as the main determining factors of vegetation. Generally, it is mandatory to set priority for the conservation of threatened woody plant species to revive from current squashed risks and to reduce future dread of decline.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  — Floristic Composition, Diversity, Forest Disturbance, Important Value Index, Species Density, Vertical structure.

  References
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  Citation
  H. Wondu, A. Seyoum, D. Chala, S. Alemu, "Diversity, Structure, and Regeneration of Bishan Gari Forest, West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia: Implication for Conservation of Woody Species," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.8, Issue.10, pp.1-10, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  Corporate Restructuring, Firm Characteristics and the Financial Performance of Companies Listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya

  H.K. Isabwa

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.8 , Issue.10 , pp.11-20, Oct-2022

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  Abstract
  Firms should adopt corporate restructuring to improve their financial performance. However, after the restructuring exercise, some of the companies end up earning high profits, others low profits while others make high losses. It is on the basis of this purview that the current study sought to assess corporate restructuring, firm characteristics and financial performance of companies listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya. The specific objectives were to; determine the effect of financial restructuring and portfolio restructuring on the financial performance of companies listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. The study also sought to determine the moderating effect of firm characteristics on the relationship between corporate restructuring and the financial performance of companies listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. A positivism research philosophy was adopted. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design. The target population was 59 companies listed at Nairobi Securities Exchange. The sample size was 51 companies which were selected using simple random sampling technique. The study used only secondary data for the period between 2017 and 2021. The data collected was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Stata version 17.0 aided in analysis. The results were as follows; financial restructuring (? = 0.7510, p=0.000); portfolio restructuring; (? = 0.3581, p=0.000); leverage (? = -0.0593, p= 0.000) and firm size (? =0.2850, p= 0.5113). The study concluded that corporate restructuring has a significant positive effect on financial performance. The study recommended that firms should continue to practice corporate restructuring as it contributes to improvement in financial performance.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Corporate Restructuring, Firm Characteristics, Financial Performance, Kenya

  References
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  Citation
  H.K. Isabwa, "Corporate Restructuring, Firm Characteristics and the Financial Performance of Companies Listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.8, Issue.10, pp.11-20, 2022

• Open Access   Article

  Impact of Sunlight Exposure on the Diversity and Succession of Insects Associated with Strangulated Juvenile Pig Carcasses

  C.A. Timothy, E. Okrikata, J.A. Tidi

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.8 , Issue.10 , pp.21-27, Oct-2022

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  Abstract
  Decomposition of carcasses is a continuous process that is mostly associated with successional invasion by arthropods, insects in particular. Application of these successional patterns can be of immense use in forensic investigations. But limited data with regards juveniles particularly in developing countries exist, informing the need for this study. Two juvenile pigs of 10kg mean weight were killed by strangulation at the Research Garden of Biological Sciences Department of Federal University Wukari and monitored till the dry stage of decomposition. The specimens which were kept about 25m apart, having one under a tree shade and the other left exposed. Both were protected from vertebrate scavengers using metal cages, while daily sampling for adult arthropods was done using a combination of sweep net, pitfall traps and manual picking. Daily collections of invading arthropods using the different techniques were pooled and the data used to compute relative abundance (RA) and frequency of occurrence (FO) on each specimen. Taxa with FO ? 25% and RA ? 1% were regarded as dominant species. Diversity indices were computed using Paleontological Statistical Tool (Past3). Results of the study showed that both carcasses completed decomposition in 14 days of which a total of 781 arthropods were sampled from the exposed carcass, with Hister monitor, Dermestes maculatus, Zophosis sp., Chrysomya chloropyga and Pheidole sp. as dominant insects while 816 arthropods with an addition of Camponotus perrisii and Camponotus maculatus to the aforementioned were dominant on the shaded carcass. Slight differences were observed in the duration of the active and dry decomposition stages of both carcasses but at the end, while the shaded carcass was left with dried leathery skin, the exposed carcass mummified wholly. Although the analysis of species similarity for both total sampled species and dominant species showed a > 50% species similarity for both carcasses, the successional pattern of C. chloropyga (the most dominant species) on both carcasses showed a clear variation. Thus, differences in species composition, decompositional stages, postmortem changes as well as succession of C. chloropyga may largely be dependent on the effect of sunlight exposure on the carcasses.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Decomposition, succession, sunlight exposure, juvenile pig, insects

  References
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  Citation
  C.A. Timothy, E. Okrikata, J.A. Tidi, "Impact of Sunlight Exposure on the Diversity and Succession of Insects Associated with Strangulated Juvenile Pig Carcasses," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.8, Issue.10, pp.21-27, 2022