Volume-9 , Issue-10 , Oct 2023, ISSN 2454-9312 (Online), 2454-6143 (Print) Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  An Overview of Age Estimation in Forensic Science: Based on Techniques and Methods

  Abhishek Kumar Gautam, Anjali Verma, Alka Vyas

  Review Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.10 , pp.1-11, Oct-2023

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  Abstract
  Age is considered one of the most important variables that determine a person`s identity. Chemical study of dental dentin, like aspartic acid racemization, has demonstrated reliable and more accurate findings than conventional morphological approaches that is utilized by the anthropologists to assess age. Understanding that historical and anthropomorphic ages do not measure the same amount of time since birth is vital. In accordance with the analytical techniques used, there may also be an inherent variation source among the estimated (biological: skeleton, psychological, and physical) and actual (legal) ages. Several approaches that could be utilized for the calculation of age, such those on the basis of Radiocarbon dating, DNA Fingerprinting, Forensic Anthropology, Forensic Odontology, Forensic Radiology, DNA Methylation, etc. DNAm (DNA Methylation) is an informative biomarker to determine age in forensic science. An established DNA methylation marker for estimating age was the ELOVL2 gene. DNA fingerprinting based on high molecular weight DNA & rapid fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) is used in genetic identification. Small short strand repeat (STR) sequencing gene amplification by polymerase chain reaction has replaced RFLP analysis and which has turned in the highest standard for identification of a gene. This review is considering potential future paths while looking at the historical evolution of the age estimate technique. Though each method had a different level of accuracy, they are all valid. It was very high and consistent across studies for intra- and inter-observer repeatability.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Age estimation, Biological Profile, Biomarker, DNA fingerprinting, Forensic Radiology.

  References
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  [2]. Maulani, C., & Auerkari, E. I. (2020). Age estimation using DNA methylation technique in forensics: a systematic review. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.1, pp.1-15, 2020.
  [3]. Parson, W. (2018). Age estimation with DNA: from forensic DNA fingerprinting to forensic (epi) genomics: a mini-review. Gerontology, Vol.64, Issue.4, pp.326-332, 2018.
  [4]. Adserias-Garriga, J., & Zapico, S. C. (2018). Age assessment in forensic cases: anthropological, odontological and biochemical methods for age estimation in the dead. Mathews Journal of Forensic Research, Vol.1, Issue.1, pp.1-6, 2018.
  [5]. Ubelaker, D. H., & Khosrowshahi, H. (2019). Estimation of age in forensic anthropology: historical perspective and recent methodological advances. Forensic sciences research, Vol.4, Issue.1, pp.1-9, 2019.
  [6]. Thomas, A. J., & Oommen, S. Forensic Age Estimation-An Overview Vol.6, Issue.2, pp.74-76, 2018.
  [7]. Priya, E. (2017). Methods of skeletal age estimation used by forensic anthropologists in adults: a review. Forensic Res Criminol Int, Vol.4, Issue.2, pp.41–51, 2017.
  [8]. Bérgamo, A. L., De Queiroz, C. L., Sakamoto, H. E., & Alves da Silva, R. H. (2012). Dental Age Estimation Methods in Forensic Dentistry: Literature Review. Peertechz J Forensic Sci Technol 1: 017-022. 017 Abstract Introduction: Age estimation is essential in human identification, but also in civil and pension lawsuits. Teeth maturation is better than other structures and the dental changes provide characteristics which are grouped in different age estimation methods. Objective: The purpose of this literature review was to present the main methods in age estimation that have been .... Material and Methods: The database searched was PubMed and the terms used were “dental age estimation methods” and “forensic dentistry”. Just papers about dental age estimation methods written in English between.
  [9]. Franklin, D., Flavel, A., Noble, J., Swift, L., & Karkhanis, S. (2015). Forensic age estimation in living individuals: methodological considerations in the context of medico-legal practice. Research and reports in forensic medical science, Vol.5, pp.53-66, 2015.
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  [11]. Alkass, K., Buchholz, B. A., Ohtani, S., Yamamoto, T., Druid, H., & Spalding, K. L. Age Estimation in Forensic Sciences, Vol.3, Issue.5, pp.1022-1030, 2010.
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  [13]. Noroozi, R., Ghafouri-Fard, S., Pisarek, A., Rudnicka, J., Spolnicka, M., Branicki, W., ... & Po?piech, E. (2021). DNA methylation-based age clocks: From age prediction to age reversion. Aging Research Reviews, Vol.68, pp.101314, 2021.
  [14]. Faress, F., Ameri, M., Mojbafan, M., Aminifard, M., & Marashi, S. M. (2023). A Systematic Review of the Possibility of Determining Age Based on DNA Methylation of the ELOVL2 Gene in Human Samples. International Journal of Medical Toxicology an d Forensic Medicine, Vol.13, Issue.1, pp.39298, 2023.
  [15]. Haddrill, P. R. (2021). Developments in forensic DNA analysis. Emerging Topics in Life Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.3, pp.381-393, 2021.

  Citation
  Abhishek Kumar Gautam, Anjali Verma, Alka Vyas, "An Overview of Age Estimation in Forensic Science: Based on Techniques and Methods," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.10, pp.1-11, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Guide for Implementation Based At Efficiency of Different Methods of Mandibular Anesthesia

  Ilma Robo, Saimir Heta, Kers Kapaj

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.10 , pp.12-16, Oct-2023

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  Introduction: Mandibular anesthesia is one of the most invasive dental anesthesia. Achieving deep anesthesia in the pulp and periodontium depends on which method of this anesthesia is applied. Material and methods: Through this study, an attempt was made to show how efficient the different methods of performing mandibular anesthesia are. This was achieved by measuring the time during which adequate anesthesia is achieved in the patient`s lips, tongue and periodontium. In our study, we selected three practical methods and analyzed them in 85 clinical cases. From the results, the factors that can affect the achievement of profound anesthesia were evaluated. Results: The most effective anesthesia is when the working arm of the dentist is left at an average value of 58% compared to the right arm at a value of 42%. The first method achieves lip anesthesia more quickly, the second method more quickly anesthetizes the tongue, while the third method more quickly anesthetizes the periodontal structure of tooth. Conclusions: There are anesthesia methods by means of which anesthesia of the mouth is achieved first, while in others anesthesia of the periodontium is felt, so it is possible to work on the corresponding teeth without feeling acute pain even in cases where anesthesia of the lip has not been achieved. An anesthesia method is effective only when deep anesthesia is achieved, even within 5 minutes. Orientation to the mandible increases the safety and efficacy of anesthetics. It is the duty of the dentist to perform dental treatments without pain.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  dental, anesthesia, mandibular nerve, trigeminal nerve, minimally invasive surgical procedures

  References
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  [2]. Eshghpour M, Sharifian Attar AR, Labafchi A, Shooshtari Z, Bahramijoo F, Samieirad S. Emergence from Anesthesia: A Comparison between Isolated Mandibular Setback and Bimaxillary Orthognathic Surgeries in Skeletal Class III Patients. World J Plast Surg. Vol 11, Issue 2, pp. 144-149, 2022.
  [3]. Atal? O, Özçelik E, Gönül O, Garip H. Evaluation of Patient Comfort and Impact of Different Anesthesia Techniques on the Temporomandibular Joint Arthrocentesis Applications by Comparing Gow-Gates Mandibular Block Anesthesia with Auriculotemporal Nerve Block. Pain Res Manag. Vol 31, 2022:4206275, 2022.
  [4]. Stein P, Brueckner J, Milliner M. Sensory innervation of mandibular teeth by the nerve to the mylohyoid: implications in local anesthesia. Clin Anat. Vol. 20, Issue 6, pp. 591-5,2007.
  [5]. Aquilanti L, Mascitti M, Togni L, Contaldo M, Rappelli G, Santarelli A. A Systematic Review on Nerve-Related Adverse Effects following Mandibular Nerve Block Anesthesia. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Vol 19, Issue 3, pp.1627, 2022.
  [6]. Vidigal EA, Abanto J, Leyda AM, Berti GO, Aillón IEV, Corrêa MSNP, Bönecker M. Comparison of two behavior management techniques used during mandibular block anesthesia among preschool children: a randomized clinical trial. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. Vol 22, Issue 5, pp.773-781, 2021.
  [7]. Meechan JG. The use of the mandibular infiltration anesthetic technique in adults. J Am Dent Assoc. Vol 142 Suppl 3:19S-24S, 2011.
  [8]. Sigron GR, Pourmand PP, Mache B, Stadlinger B, Locher MC. The most common complications after wisdom-tooth removal: part 1: a retrospective study of 1,199 cases in the mandible. Swiss Dent J. Vol 124, Issue 10, pp. 1042-6, 1052-6, 2014.
  [9]. Volkov SI, Lebedev SN, Lebedeva YV. Sposob provedeniia mandibuliarno? anestezii na osnovanii topografoanatomicheskikh orientirov [Topographic study of mandibular block landmarks]. Stomatologiia (Mosk). Vol 98, Issue 3, pp.94-96, 2019.
  [10]. Göçmen G, Özkan Y. Comparison of the Efficacy of Local Infiltration and Mandibular Block Anesthesia With Articaine for Harvesting Ramus Grafts. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. Vol 74, Issue 11, pp. 2143-2150, 2016.
  [11]. Engel RM, Thomas ML 3rd, Banks RE. Regional Anesthesia for Dentistry and Orofacial Surgery in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. Vol 58, Issue 2, pp.223-230, 2019.
  [12].Etoz OA, Er N, Demirbas AE. Is supraperiosteal infiltration anesthesia safe enough to prevent inferior alveolar nerve during posterior mandibular implant surgery? Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. Vol 16, Issue 3, pp.e386-9, 2018.
  [13].Al-Shayyab MH, Baqain ZH. Factors predictive of the onset and duration of action of local anesthesia in mandibular third-molar surgery: a prospective study. Eur J Oral Sci. Vol 126, Issue 2, pp. 110-117, 2018.
  [14].Lipski M, Pelka P, Majewski S, Lipska W, Gladysz T, Walocha K, Wisniewska G. Controversies on the position of the mandibular foramen - review of the literature. Folia Med Cracov. Vol 53, Issue 4, pp. 61-8, 2013.
  [15].Syomkin SS, Kuzin AV, Sogacheva VV, Izmaylova ZM, Dadykin SS. Obezbolivanie nizhnikh zubov u patsientov s ogranicheniem otkryvaniya rta [Lower teeth anesthesia in patients with limited mouth opening]. Stomatologiia (Mosk). Vol 99, Issue 2, pp. 105-109, 2020.
  [16].Bayramo?lu Z, Yavuz MS. The efficacy of maxillary and mandibular nerve blockade using electrical nerve stimulation for guidance. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. Vol. 121, Issue 4, pp. 352-356, 2020.
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  [21].Matthews R, Drum M, Reader A, Nusstein J, Beck M. Articaine for supplemental buccal mandibular infiltration anesthesia in patients with irreversible pulpitis when the inferior alveolar nerve block fails. J Endod. Vol. 35, Issue 3, pp. 343-6, 2009.
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  Citation
  Ilma Robo, Saimir Heta, Kers Kapaj, "Guide for Implementation Based At Efficiency of Different Methods of Mandibular Anesthesia," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.10, pp.12-16, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Students Experiences in Edutainment Apps for Learning Vocational and Technical Education Contents

  Kabiru Abdullahi, Ahmad A. Deba, Jamilu M. Chedi

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.10 , pp.17-22, Oct-2023

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  Abstract
  Edutainment is a mobile app that can run on android devices consists of knowledge and entertainment to support learning; it plays a vital role at supporting learning and community development. The students of technical colleges often spend considerable amount of their time on the use of android phones to play games, watch videos, chart with friends and family. Therefore this study aimed at accessing how often students of national technical certificate (NTC 1 to 3) use edutainment to improve their academic achievement. The research embraced descriptive poll design. The study was directed by three study questions with corresponding hypotheses. The 3220 students of technical colleges in Bauchi state comprises the population of this research work, while 780 students of national technical certificate (NTC 1 to 3) were randomly selected from three sampled technical colleges. Structured questionnaire was utilized to collect data while the data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and hypothesis was test using inferential statistics. The result of this study exposed that, students of national technical certificate are yet to embrace edutainment that runs on android phones in learning. The study recommends that more edutainment apps should be developed to facilitate learning of vocational and technical education.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Edutainment Apps, Students’ Experience, Vocational and Technical Education

  References
  [1] B. Hwang, T. Chou, and C. Huang, “Actualizing the Affordance of Mobile Technology for Mobile Learning?: A Main Path Analysis of Mobile Learning Actualizing the Affordance of Mobile Technology for Mobile Learning?: A Main Path Analysis of Mobile Learning,” J. Educ. Technol. Soc., Vol.24, no.4, pp.67–80, 2021.
  [2] E. V Yakimenko, “Edutainment as a modern technology of education,” Procedia - Soc. Behav. Sci., Vol.166, pp.475–479, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.558.
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  [4] B. Adriana, C. Camilleri, and M. A. Camilleri, “Mobile Learning via Educational Apps?: An Interpretative Study,” 2019.
  [5] Ç. ?ule Korkmaz, “Language Games as a Part of Edutainment,” Procedia - Soc. Behav. Sci., Vol.93, pp.1249–1253, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.10.023.
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  [7] M. Mohammadi, R. A. Marzooghi, G. Salimi, and S. Mansoori, “Learners ’ Experiences of Mobile Learning in Vocational and Technical Learners ’ Experiences of Mobile Learning in Vocational and Technical Education Courses,” Interdiscip J Virtual Learn Med Sc, Vol.1, pp.64424, 2017, doi: 10.5812/ijvlms.64424.
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  [12] M. Sayibu et al., “Social Sciences & Humanities Open Nexus between students ’ attitude towards self-learning , Tencent APP usability , mobile-learning , and innovative performance,” Soc. Sci. Humanit. Open, Vol.4, no.1, pp.100217, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100217.
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  Citation
  Kabiru Abdullahi, Ahmad A. Deba, Jamilu M. Chedi, "Students Experiences in Edutainment Apps for Learning Vocational and Technical Education Contents," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.10, pp.17-22, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Assessment of modal interface and cargo throughput in Nigerian seaports

  C.U. Akpudo, T.C. Nwachukwu

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.10 , pp.23-29, Oct-2023

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  Abstract
  The study aims to assess the modal interface and cargo throughput in a Nigerian seaport using Apapa Port Complex (APC) and Tin Can Island Port (TCIP) as the study areas. The specific objectives of the study are to: ascertain the transport modes that connect the seaports in Nigeria to vast hinterland and the ports’ catchment areas; estimate the volume of throughput leaving and delivered to the seaport via the different modes available at the seaports; The secondary data on land-based transport system performance, carrying capacities of rail, inland waterways, and roads around seaports, and the type of rail and road that accessed the seaports were sourced from the Nigeria Port Authority. Simple descriptive analysis was done to reveal the length of roads and rail lines within the seaports and their respective levels of capacity utilization. The study revealed that APC is connected to rail, road, pipeline, and inland waterway transportation, while TCIP does not have a rail connection at all. It was also discovered that the land use of the seaport adjourning areas had been altered from what was the initial master to now include so many oil and gas tank farms. The modal split results in all the years under study from 2000 to 2022 show that the road mode of transport recorded the highest number of tons, followed by the inland waterway mode of transport used in the importation and exportation of cargo into TCIP and APC. The study recommends that the upgrading of land-based transport infrastructure and port infrastructure will reduce the transportation costs of cargoes and the congestion being experienced at the port, and secondly, promote the use of intermodal transport systems to increase cargo carried by rail and inland waterways modes of transportation at the TCIP and APC.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Transportation, cargo throughput, seaport, road, rail, inland waterway

  References
  [1]. C. Zhizhen, C. Yan, & L. Toying, “Port cargo throughput forecasting based on combination model”, Joint international information technology, mechanical and electronic engineering conference (JIMEC 2016) pp. 148-154, 2016.
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  [5]. T. Nwachukwu, C. U. Akpudo, C.A Enyinda & M.S Stephens, “Queue modeling Simulation for vessel traffic in Nigeria Sea port” International Journal of Scientific research in mathematical and statistical science, Vol. 10 Issue 2, pp. 27- 32, 2023.
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  [7]. T.C Nwachukwu, “Assessment of land-based transport infrastructure, port performance and economic growth in Nigeria,” PhD. Thesis presented at the Federal university of technology Akure, 2023.
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  [13]. O.B Sodiq, N. Obed, & T. Nwokedi, “An assessment of the relationship among cargo-throughput, vessel turnaround time and port- revenue in nIgeria, a study of Lagosport complex”, Journal of Advance Research in Business Management and Accounting, Vol. 3, No.7, 2017.
  [14]. C.C Obasi, “Assessment of the Impact of Cargo Throughput on Port Productivity in Warri Seaport, Delta State, Nigeria” Annals pf reviews and Research, Vol. 7, Issue 3, 01- 06, 2022.
  [15]. T. Nwachukwu, C. U. Akpudo, C.A Enyinda & M.S Stephens, “Queue modeling Simulation for vessel traffic in Nigeria Sea port” International Journal of Scientific research in mathematical and statistical science, Vol. 10 Issue 2, pp. 27- 32, 2023.
  [16]. G. Taolei, L. Pei, Xie Jingci, D. Jianbang, L.K Ming, “Toward sustainable port-hinterland transportation: A holistic approach to design modal shift policy mixes,” Transportation research part A 174, ELSEVIER, 2023.
  [17]. C.C Ibe, “Railway restructuring in Nigeria” PhD thesis submitted to Department of Transport Management Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, 2004.
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  Citation
  C.U. Akpudo, T.C. Nwachukwu, "Assessment of modal interface and cargo throughput in Nigerian seaports," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.10, pp.23-29, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Exploration of Examination Anxiety Behaivour Base on Gender and Location among Students in Senior Secondary School in Delta State, Nigerian

  Joseph Obiajuru

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.10 , pp.30-34, Oct-2023

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  Abstract
  The aim of the study was to explore examination anxiety behaviour on basis of demographic variables of gender and school location among students in public senior secondary school II (SS2) in Delta State, Nigeria. The design for the study was a survey ex post facto research. The population was 40522, comprised of all students in public senior secondary school in Delta State. A sample size of 1,070 students was used. The instrument for the data collection was a questionnaire. The questionnaire was adequately validated through expert judgment and factor analysis. The instrument had a Cronbach Alpha of 0.71. Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation, and a T-test were used to analyze and test the stated hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that: there was a significant difference between male and female students` examination anxiety among students in the study, there was no significant difference between urban and rural students` examination anxiety behavior among students in the study. The study recommends that the government should employ school psychologists in all public senior secondary schools in Delta State to help the students resolve the problem of examination anxiety, and secondly, the school administrators should adequately provide a good atmosphere of the examination hall so that students can have a relaxed mind for the examination.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Examination Anxiety Behaviour, Gender, School Location, Senior Secondary, Exploration.

  References
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  Citation
  Joseph Obiajuru, "Exploration of Examination Anxiety Behaivour Base on Gender and Location among Students in Senior Secondary School in Delta State, Nigerian," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.10, pp.30-34, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Impact of Mobile Banking and Internet Banking On Customers Satisfaction in Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria

  Lawan Garba

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.10 , pp.35-41, Oct-2023

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  The present study aimed to examines the impact of internet banking mobile banking on customer satisfaction in Bauchi metropolis, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of Three Hundred and Ninety Two (392) customers of first bank. Data collected were analysed using regression Analysis with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20. The result showed that the independent variables (i.e. internet banking and mobile banking) were significant joint predictors of customer satisfaction. This paper recommends that banks’ customers should be educated on how to make use of internet banking products and Nigeria government should also enact a law that will govern internet banking which will not allow unfair and deceptive trade practice by the supplier and unauthorized access by hackers.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Mobile Banking; Internet Banking; Internet; Customers; Satisfaction; Metropolis; Nigeria.

  References
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  Citation
  Lawan Garba, "Impact of Mobile Banking and Internet Banking On Customers Satisfaction in Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.10, pp.35-41, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Effect of Video Instructional Package on Technical Colleges Students’ Performance and Retention in Domestic Installation in Bauchi State, Nigeria

  Kabiru Mohammad Zubairu, Hassan Bello, Samaila Hamza

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.10 , pp.42-50, Oct-2023

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  The study examines the Effect of Video Instructional package on technical college students Performance and retention in domestic installation in Bauchi State. Two research objectives, inline with the study guided by two research questions and hypotheses. Pre-test and posttest for the intact class was used as a design. 416 NTC II students in Electrical from the eight technical colleges of Bauchi State were the population. Two technical colleges were purposively selected that is government day technical college Bauchi and government day technical college Kafin Madaki as the sampled for the study. Intact class was used as participants. Face and content validation for the research instrument (DIPT adapted was done by the three expert. The reliability co-efficient of the test-retest was established at 0.87 after the pilot testing of the instrument. Data were collected and descriptive statistics for the mean deviation was used to answer two research questions. Two null hypotheses were significantly tested at 0.05. Findings of the study shows that students exposed to Video Instructional package taught domestic installation has significant effect in the mean outcome scores and retention compared to those taught domestic installation with conventional method. The result concludes that instructional video package enhanced the academic performance and retention of domestic installation Students exposed to instructional video package in both their cognitive and psychomotor performance.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Technical College, Video, Instructional Package, Performance, Domestic Installation, Retention

  References
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  Citation
  Kabiru Mohammad Zubairu, Hassan Bello, Samaila Hamza, "Effect of Video Instructional Package on Technical Colleges Students’ Performance and Retention in Domestic Installation in Bauchi State, Nigeria," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.10, pp.42-50, 2023