Volume-2 , Issue-7 , Aug 2016, ISSN 2454-9312 (Online), 2454-6143 (Print) Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  Accelerated Aging Assessment of Cement Bonded Board produced from Gmelina arborea (Roxb.) Strand and Sawdust

  Owoyemi J.M, Ogunrinde O.S

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRMS)

  Vol.2 , Issue.7 , pp.1-6, Aug-2016

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  Abstract
  Durability, toughness, dimensional stability and resistance to termites attack are problems of materials used in construction. Environmental effect such as weathering also affect the performance of cement-bonded composite materials. This study examined the physical and mechanical properties of cement bonded board produced from Gmelina arborea (Roxb.) strand and sawdust. Three levels of mixing ratios of cement to wood material 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 and five levels of material blending proportion of strand to sawdust of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 were adopted for the board formulation, Assessment of the water absorption, thickness swelling, and modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and accelerated aging were carried out. The boards’ density recorded 800, 900 and 1000 kg/m3. Mean water absorption ranged from 16.88±10.28 % to 56.36 ±11.70 % while thickness swelling ranged from 0.21±0.20 % to 5.43±0.99 %. Accelerated aging for first and second cycle respectively ranged from 17.15±0.65 % to 56.36±11.70 % for water absorption, while thickness swelling ranged from 5 1.15±0.26 % to 6.25±4.68 %. The mean values for the mechanical properties ranged from 1988.35±92.26 to 6526.90±186.06 (N/mm2) for modulus of elasticity (MOE) and 1.03±0.59 to 5.90±3.76 (N/mm2) for modulus of rupture (MOR), The mechanical result after aging test ranged from 1166.51±15.47 to 3115.70±100.97 (N/mm2) for MOE and 0.95±0.12 to 4.81±0.68 (N/mm2) for MOR. The analysis of variance carried out showed that both mixing ratio and material blending proportion had significant effect on the water absorption and modulus of elasticity while only mixing ratio had significant effect on the thickness swelling and modulus of rupture of the board. The board produced has the potential to be used as substitute for solid wood for asbestos tiles, wall panelling etc.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Strand, Sawdust, Gmelina arborea, Physical, mechanical properties

  References
  [1] Owoyemi J. M. and Ogunrinde O. S. Suitability of Newsprint and Kraft Paper as Materials for Cement Bonded board, International Journal of Chemical, Materials Science and Engineering Vol:7 No:9, pp.1063-1067 International Science Index 81, 2013 waset.org/publications/,Sept 2013
  [2] Badejo, S.O.O. Dimensional Stability of Cement Bonded Particle Board from Eight Tropical Hardwoods grown in Nigeria. Nigeria Journal of Forestry, 16(1), pp. 11–19., 1986
  [3] Ogunrinde O.S and Owoyemi J.M. "Sustainable Management of Nigerian Forest through Efficient Recovery 0f Harvesting Residues", ISROSET-International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies, Volume-01, Issue-02, Page No (1-8), Nov -Nov 2015, ISSN 2454-9312 (Online), 2454-6143 (Print), Nov 2015.
  [4] Ogunwusi, A.A. Potentials of Bamboo in Nigeria’s Industrial sector. Journal of Research in Industrial Development 9(2): pp. 136-146. 2011
  [5] Simatupang, M.H., Kasim, A. Seddig, N. and Smid, M. Improving the Bond between Wood Gypsum. Proc. Second Int. Inorganic Bonded Wood and Fibre Composite Materials. For Prod. Resources Society. Madison Wis. Pp. 61-69. In Moslemi AA. (Ed), 1991.
  [6] American Society for Testing and Materials, American Society for Testing and Materials. Annual book of ASTM standards. 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428, ASTM D570-98, reapproved in 2005, p.35-37, 2005.
  [7] Ajayi, B., Strength and dimensional Stability of Cement-Bonded Flake board produced from Gmelina arborea and Leucaena leucocephala. PhD Thesis in the Dept. of Forestry and Wood Tech, Federal University of Technology Akure, 2000
  [8] Owoyemi J.M and Ogunrinde O. S. Flexural and thickness swelling properties of Paper cement bonded ceiling board made from waste paper, International conference on future of Panel Industry. September 26-28 2012.
  [9] Garzón N, Sartori D, Zuanetti I (2012). Durability Evaluation of Agro-Industrial Waste -Based Particle Boards Using Accelerated Aging Cycling Tests Key Engineering Materials Vol. 517 pp 628-634. (2012).
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  Citation
  Owoyemi J.M, Ogunrinde O.S, "Accelerated Aging Assessment of Cement Bonded Board produced from Gmelina arborea (Roxb.) Strand and Sawdust," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.2, Issue.7, pp.1-6, 2016

• Open Access   Article

  Stress Factors in Type II Diabetes Patients

  Gayathry, C.P and Prema, L

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRMS)

  Vol.2 , Issue.7 , pp.7-10, Aug-2016

  Abstract

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  Abstract
  To live with a disease like diabetes gets really stressful, for one always has to stay on the toes to get the blood glucose in control levels. But evidences do suggest that stress may precipitate the onset of the disease or compromise glycemic control once the disease is established. Thus there develop a continuum where stress leads to diabetes and being diabetic adds to stressfulness. Understanding the role of stress in blood sugar control in diabetes patients an in-depth study on various factors related to stress has been conducted with the objectives to assess the stress factors in type II diabetes patients and to categorise the patients based on their stress level. A total of 500 type II diabetes patients who attended the outpatient department of Endocrinology wing of one of the leading hospitals in Thiruvananthapuram were enrolled for this study. Inorder to assess the Stress Factors of the patients a Stress Factor Rating Scale (SFRS) (Table 1) was developed and were self administered on the patients. The patients were also categorised according to their stress scores as high, moderate and low stress gradients. The data generated using the SFRS were subjected to various statistical methods such as Pearson’s Chi-square test, Independent sample t-test, One-way Anova and Tukey simultaneous comparison t-values (SPSS version 21.0). The study has identified disease (diabetes) as the major source of stress and behavioural problems (short temperedness and anxiety) as the outcome of stress. No effective stress management strategies were adopted by the patients. The strongest reason for stress due to diabetes was diabetes related complications. 30 per cent of the patients belonged to the high stress category (scores >44); however there were no gender difference observed in any of the stress categories.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Stress, Type II Diabetes, Stress Factors, Source of Stress, Stress Management Strategies

  References
  [1] J.L. Leahy, “Natural history of P-cell dysfunction in NIDDM”, Diabetes Care, Vol. 13, Page no- 992-1010, 1990.
  [2] R. Viner, M. McGrath, and P. Trudinger, “Family stress and metabolic control in diabetes”, Arch Dis Child , Vol. 74, Page no- 418–421, 1996.
  [3] N. Singh, “Keep stress at bay”, Diabetic living, Vol. 4, Issue-4, Page No-35, July-Aug, 2014.
  [4] R.S. Surwit, and M.S. Schneider, “Role of stress in the aetiology and treatment of diabetes mellitus”, Psychosom Med, Vol. 55, Page no-380–393, 1993.
  [5] R. Karasek, and T. Theorell., “Healthy work: stress, productivity, and the reconstruction of working life. New York, NY, Basic Books, 1990.
  

  Citation
  Gayathry, C.P and Prema, L, "Stress Factors in Type II Diabetes Patients," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.2, Issue.7, pp.7-10, 2016