Granulometric Analysis Indices As Signatures of The Depositional Environment of The Bima (I) Formation At Wuyo Area, Part of Gongola Sub-Basin, Upper Benue Trough, Northeastern Nigeria

I.M. Mustapha¹ , A.S. Sa’ad² , H. Muhyideen³ , T.M. Abubakar⁴

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.5 , Issue.12 , pp.43-51, Dec-2019

Online published on Dec 31, 2019

Copyright © I.M. Mustapha, A.S. Sa’ad, H. Muhyideen, T.M. Abubakar . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

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Abstract :
The Benue Trough is a major NE-SW trending rift basin of 50-150km width. It extends for over 1000km, starting from the northern margin of the Chad Basin in the north. The trough is a sedimentary basin of up to 6000m of Cretaceous to Tertiary sediments associated with volcanic rocks. It is geographically sub-divided into lower, middle and upper portions. The textural parameters computed from granulometric analysis of the Bima (I) i.e. graphical mean size, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis yielded values ranging from 0.10 Ф -1.20 Ф, 0.624 Φ to 1.29 Φ, 0.073Ф - 0.666 Ф and 1.08 Φ - 1.55 Φ respectively. The granulometric analysis indicated that the Bima (I) is dominantly moderately sorted and are mostly positively skewed. The bivariate plots of mean versus first percentile, standard deviation versus first percentile and mean versus standard deviation of the representative samples of the Bima (I) at the Wuyo area showed mainly fluvial environments. The probability curve plots all showed two sand population which is indicative of fluvial environment of deposition. The study is significant in providing evidence for the fluvial (braided stream) origin of the Bima (I) Formation.

Key-Words / Index Term :
Benue Trough, Bima (I) Formation, Granulometric analysis, Bivariate plots, Fluvial origin

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