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Entropy and the Figure of the Posthuman in a Closed System in The Passenger (1975) and Solaris (1972)

S. Kushwaha1

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp.11-16, Apr-2021


Online published on Apr 30, 2021


Copyright © S. Kushwaha . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

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IEEE Style Citation: S. Kushwaha, “Entropy and the Figure of the Posthuman in a Closed System in The Passenger (1975) and Solaris (1972),” International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.4, pp.11-16, 2021.

MLA Style Citation: S. Kushwaha "Entropy and the Figure of the Posthuman in a Closed System in The Passenger (1975) and Solaris (1972)." International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies 7.4 (2021): 11-16.

APA Style Citation: S. Kushwaha, (2021). Entropy and the Figure of the Posthuman in a Closed System in The Passenger (1975) and Solaris (1972). International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , 7(4), 11-16.

BibTex Style Citation:
@article{Kushwaha_2021,
author = {S. Kushwaha},
title = {Entropy and the Figure of the Posthuman in a Closed System in The Passenger (1975) and Solaris (1972)},
journal = {International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies },
issue_date = {4 2021},
volume = {7},
Issue = {4},
month = {4},
year = {2021},
issn = {2347-2693},
pages = {11-16},
url = {https://www.isroset.org/journal/IJSRMS/full_paper_view.php?paper_id=2368},
publisher = {IJCSE, Indore, INDIA},
}

RIS Style Citation:
TY - JOUR
UR - https://www.isroset.org/journal/IJSRMS/full_paper_view.php?paper_id=2368
TI - Entropy and the Figure of the Posthuman in a Closed System in The Passenger (1975) and Solaris (1972)
T2 - International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies
AU - S. Kushwaha
PY - 2021
DA - 2021/04/30
PB - IJCSE, Indore, INDIA
SP - 11-16
IS - 4
VL - 7
SN - 2347-2693
ER -

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Abstract :
Earth’s relationship to humanity was transformed post the second World War leading to a change in the way cinema interacted with the space of the Earth and its inhabitants. Through the increasing disorder in a closed system, entropy, the second law of thermodynamics and the notion of the posthuman, this paper demonstrates how the relationship between the human, the nonhuman and earth has been inevitably transformed. Through the emerging figure of a human, a negentropic force that counters the increasing entropy of the universe, this paper questions the figure of the posthuman and expands upon our notions of what being human and becoming human comprise of. This paper negotiates the ever-shifting boundaries of the ontological and phenomenological understanding of human and the nonhuman through two films, i.e, Michelangelo Antonioni’s The Passenger and Andrei Tarkovsky’s Solaris. Through the relationship of the self to the other and towards itself, the paper will be examining how the self locates itself against and in tandem with the objects, entities and events surrounding it.

Key-Words / Index Term :
Component, Formatting, Style, Styling, Insert (key words)

References :
[1] P. Billard, “L’idea mi viene attraverso le immagini,” Antonioni, Fare un film eperme vivefe : scritti sul cinema, Marsilio, Italy, 1994.
[2] R. Braidotti, “The Posthuman.” John Wiley & Sons, USA, 2013.
[3] P.Brunette, “The Films of Michelangelo Antonioni.” Cambridge University Press, USA, 1998.
[4] D. Haraway, “Simians, Cyborgs and Women: The Reinvention of Nature,” Free Association Books, UK, 1991.
[5] N.K, Hayles, “How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics,” University of Chicago Press, Chicago, USA1999.
[6] G. Deleuze, “Cinema 2: The Time-Image.” translated by Hugh Tomlinson, Robert Galeta, Continuum, UK, 2005.
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[8] M. Geier, “Stanislaw Lem’s Fantastic Ocean: Toward a Semantic Interpretation of Solaris,” Translated by Edith Welliver. Science Fiction Studies, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp.192-218, 1992.
[9] A. Ongaro, “Una ricerca nel profondo” in Antonioni, Fare un film eperme vivefe, Marsilio, Italy, 1994.
[10] M. Nardelli, “The Sprawl of Entropy: Cinema, waste, and obsolescence in the 1960s and 1970s,” NECSUS European Journal of Media Studies, Vol 13, No. 2,pp. 431-466, 2013.
[11] N. Mark. ed. “Error: Glitch, Noise and Jam in New Media Cultures,” New York: Continuum Books, USA, 2011.
[12] L. Rascaroli, J.D. Rhodes, “Antonioni: Centenary Essays,” Palgrave Macmillan,UK, 2011.
[13] R. Smithson, “The Collected Writings,” Edited by Jack Ram, University of California Press, USA, 1996.
[14] Solaris. Directed by Andrei Tarkovsky. Distributed by Viacheslav Tarasov, Mosfilm production, 1972.
[15] Tarkovsky, “Time Within Time: The Diaries 1970–1986,” Translated by Kitty Hunter-Blair, Seagull Books, USA, 1991.
[16] The Passenger. Directed by Antonioni. Distributed by United Artists, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer production, 1975.
[17] Woman in the Dunes. Directed by Hiroshi Teshigahara. Distributed by Toho films, Teshigahara Production, 1964.

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