Phytochemical and Proximate Studies of Leaf, Stem and Root of Cassia mimosoides L

C.A. Ezeabara¹ , L.N. Umeka² , W.C. Anyanele³

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.9 , Issue.8 , pp.38-45, Aug-2023

Online published on Aug 31, 2023

Copyright © C.A. Ezeabara, L.N. Umeka, W.C. Anyanele . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

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Abstract :
Cassia mimosoides L. is an annual or a short-lived perennial herb or diffuse shrub, commonly known as Japanese tea or tea senna. Studies of ethnobotanical uses of this Cassia species, especially in Nigeria, are still few and far between. The sample extracts of the different parts of C. mimosoides were investigated for phytochemical and proximate composition using the standard laboratory procedures. The test of significance was measure using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). There were presence of tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, phenols, saponins, anthraquinone and cardiac glycosides; and absent of terpenes in this Cassia species parts. The leaf of this plant contained low concentrations of anthraquinone glycosides at 5.70±0.14%, flavonoids at 5.70±0.14% and tannins at 4.85±0.07%. Only alkaloids and saponins were present in the stem and root, and the values of these compounds were highly detected in all the parts. The highest percentage moisture content at 34.90±0.14, crude protein at 1.10±0.14 and crude fibre at 32.15±0.07 were found in the root, with the exception of ash and carbohydrate. Fat was absent in the stem and root. A wide range of therapeutic and nutritional compounds were found in C. mimosoides parts. Therefore, this study suggests that this species of Cassia is a good source of pharmacological active compounds and nutrients; hence, its pharmaceutical application in formulation of new drugs is encouraged, as well as its use in ethnobotany as healthy food and drug.

Key-Words / Index Term :
Fabaceae, Plant-Based Chemicals, Alkaloids, Saponins, Cardiac Glycosides, Steroids, Crude Fibre

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