A Mixed Method Study On The Organizational Competence Among State Universities And Colleges (SUCs) In Region XII, Philippines

Eduardo Maca Cabalang Jr.¹ , Jay D. Buscano²

1. Dept. of Education, Bawing National High School, Seguel, General Santos City, Philippines, 9500.
2. Mindanao State University, School of Graduate Studies, Laurel St., General Santos City, Philippines 9500.

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.9 , Issue.11 , pp.59-78, Nov-2023

Online published on Nov 30, 2023

Copyright © Eduardo Maca Cabalang Jr., Jay D. Buscano . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

View this paper at   Google Scholar | DPI Digital Library

XML View     PDF Download

How to Cite this Paper

163 Views    159 Downloads    55 Downloads

Abstract :
The development and preservation of an organization`s competitive advantage over rival establishments depend heavily on organizational competency; nonetheless, little research has been conducted on administrators in state universities and colleges in the Philippines. This study wanted to determine the level of organizational competence, organizational climate, leadership competence, and quality management practices of SUC administrators and how they described their organizational competence and organizational climate in Region XII-Philippines. This study employed a sequential explanatory mixed-method research design. There were 219 administrators from 5 (SUCs) being utilized in this study using stratified random sampling. Weighted mean was used to identify the level of organizational competence, leadership competence, organizational climate, and quality management practices. Five (5) key informant interviewees were purposely selected for the interview. There was one (1) representative for each state university and college (administrator and faculty). Emergent themes were generated using Quirkos Software. The findings of the study revealed that SUC administrators exhibited a high level of organizational competence, leadership competence, organizational climate, and quality management practices. This suggested that SUC administrators may sustain their best practices on organizational competence to advance their existing status.

Key-Words / Index Term :
Organizational competence, leadership competence, organizational climate, quality management practices, SUCs, mixed method, sequential explanatory, Philippines

References :
[1] Dhillon, G., “Organizational competence for harnessing IT: A case study,” Information & Management, Vol.45, Issue.5, pp.297-303, 2008..
[2] Freifeld, L. O. R. R. I., “Emerging training leaders. training,” Vol.50, Issue.3, pp.20-31, 2013.
[3] Skrinjaric, B, “Competence-based approaches in organizational and individual context,” Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Vol.9, Issue.1, pp.1-12, 2022.
[4] Stevenson, K., “Organizational competence in the management and support of projects,” Paper presented at Project Management Institute Annual Seminars & Symposium, Houston, TX. Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, 2000.
[5] King, A. W., Fowler, S. W., & Zeithaml, C. P., “Managing organizational competencies for competitive advantage: The middle-management edge,” Academy of Management Perspectives, Vol.15, Issue.2, pp.95-106, 2001.
[6] Choge, P. J., Namusonge, G., Makokha, E. N., & Musau, E. G., “The effect of organizational competencies on organizational competitive advantage of the banking sector in Kenya,” International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Vol.8, Issue.10, pp.739-760, 2018.
[7] Taatila, V., “The concept of organizational competence: a foundational analysis,” (No. 36). University of Jyväskylä, 2004.
[8] Obukhova, L. A., Galustyan, O. V., Baklanov, I. O., Belyaev, R. V., Kolosova, L. A., & Dubovitskaya, T. V., “Formation of Organizational Competence of Future Engineers by Means of Blended Learning,” Int. J. Eng. Pedagog., Vol.10, Issue.2, pp.119-127, 2000.
[9] Lavian, R. H., “The impact of organizational climate on burnout among homeroom teachers and special education teachers (full classes/individual pupils) in mainstream schools,” Teachers and Teaching, Vol.18, Issue.2, pp.233-247, 2012.
[10] Ojo, A., Winnie, D., Molina, A., Tolliver, D., & Cantu, C., “An Evaluation of Cohesiveness and Conflicts in the Workplace,” Conflict Resolution & Negotiation Journal, Isssue.3, 2016.
[11] Strugar Jela?a, M., Bjeki?, R., Berber, N., Aleksi?, M., Slavi?, A., & Mari?, S., “Impact of Managers’ Emotional Competencies on Organizational Performance,” Sustainability, Vol.14, Issue.14, 8800, 2022.
[12] Tindowen, D. J., “Influence of empowerment on teachers’ organizational behaviors,” European Journal of Educational Research, Vol.8, Issue.2, pp.617-631, 2019.
[13] King, A. W., Fowler, S. W., & Zeithaml, C. P., “Managing organizational competencies for competitive advantage: The middle-management edge,” Academy of Management Perspectives, Vol.15, Issue.2, pp.95-106, 2001.
[14] Klepper, E. M., “Andragogy and Workplace Relationships: A Mixed-Methods Study Exploring Employees` Perceptions of Their Relationships with Their Supervisors,” (Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University), 2017.
[15] Kose, A., “The Relationship between Work Engagement Behavior and Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational Climate,” Journal of Education and Practice, Vol.7, Issue.27, pp.42-52, 2016.
[16] West, G. B., & Bocârnea, M., “Servant leadership and organizational outcomes: Relationships in the United States and Filipino higher educational settings,” In Proceedings of the Servant Leadership Research Roundtable Vol.24, No.1, pp.99-116, 2008.
[17] Magbojos, C. R., “Managerial Skills Development of Selected Private Institutions of Higher Learning in Batangas, Philippines,” Online Submission, Vol.3, Issue.1, pp.141-167, 2012.
[18] Almonte-Acosta, S. A., “Developing research culture in Philippine higher education institutions,” Perspectives of university faculty Rose Marie Salazar-Clemeña. PhD Dean, College of Education De La Salle University–Manila, 2007.
[19] Dalanon, J., Diano, L. M., Belarmino, M. P., Hayama, R., Miyagi, M., &Matsuka, Y., “A Philippine Rural School`s Organizational Climate, Teachers` Performance, and Management Competencies,” Online Submission, Vol.6, Issue.1, pp.248-265, 2018.
[20] Tindowen, D. J., “Influence of empowerment on teachers’ organizational behaviors,” European Journal of Educational Research, Vol.8, Issue.2, pp.617-631, 2019.
[21] Estudillo, H. M., & Mhunpiew, N., “The development of a strategic leadership model for teacher instructional competencies at the private higher education institutions in Mindanao, Philippines,” Scholar: Human Sciences, Vol.13, Issue.1, pp.121-137, 2021.
[22] Miano, L., “Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Organizational Culture as a Predictors of Soft Skills among Tertiary School Teachers in the Philippines,” Journal of Education and Society, Vol.4, Issue.1, pp.25-36, 2020.
[23] Dotong, C. I., & Laguador, J. M., “Philippine quality assurance mechanisms in higher education towards internationalization,” Studies in Social sciences and Humanities, Vol.3, Issue.3, pp.156-167, 2015.
[24] Abas, M. C., & Imam, O. A., “Graduates` Competence on Employability Skills and Job Performance,” International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, Vol.5, Issue.2, pp.119-125, 2016.
[25] Jin, K. G., Drozdenko, R., & DeLoughy, S., “The role of corporate value clusters in ethics, social responsibility, and performance: A study of financial professionals and implications for the financial meltdown,” Journal of business ethics, Issue.112, pp.15-24, 2013.
[26] Amias, F. L. G., & Segumpan, R. G.,“Human resource competency and job performance: The case of administrative staff in a Philippine State University,” Australian Academy of Business and Economics Review, Vol.4, Issuw.1, pp.17-28, 2017.
[27] Taatila, V., “The concept of organizational competence: a foundational analysis,” (No. 36). University of Jyväskylä, 2004.
[28] Grant, P., & McGhee, P., “Hedonic versus (true) eudaimonic well-being in organizations,” The Palgrave Handbook of workplace well-being, pp.925-943, 2021.
[29] Coetzee, M., & Pauw, D., “Staff perception of leader emotional competency as a predictor of satisfaction with retention factors,” Journal of Psychology in Africa, Vol.23, Issue.2, pp.177-185, 2013.
[30] Grawitch, M. J., Ledford Jr, G. E., Ballard, D. W., & Barber, L. K., “Leading the healthy workforce: The integral role of employee involvement,” Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, Vol.61, Issue.2, pp.122, 2009.
[31] Bielikov, I., “Pedagogical modeling of the formation of organizational competence in future specialists in physical culture and sports of the Armed Forces of Ukraine,” ScienceRise: Pedagogical Education, Vol.5, Issue.50, 2022.
[32] Jerónimo, H. M., Henriques, P. L., de Lacerda, T. C., da Silva, F. P., & Vieira, P. R., “Going green and sustainable: The influence of green HR practices on the organizational rationale for sustainability,” Journal of Business Research, Issue.112, pp.413-421, 2020.
[33] Salman, M., Ganie, S. A., & Saleem, I., “Employee competencies as predictors of organizational performance: a study of public and private sector banks,” Management and Labour Studies, Vol.45, Issue.4, pp.416-432, 2020.
[34] Bernarto, I., Bachtiar, D., Sudibjo, N., Suryawan, I. N., Purwanto, A., & Asbari, M., “Effect of transformational leadership, perceived organizational support, job satisfaction toward life satisfaction,” Evidences from Indonesian teachers., 2020.
[35] Nass, C., “Knowledge or skills: which do administrators learn from experience?,” Organization Science, Vol.5, Issue.1, pp.38-50, 1994.
[36] Pioggia, A., Pacilli, M. G., & Mannella, F., “Good administration, integrity and corruption. Understanding and Fighting Corruption in Europe,” From Repression to Prevention, pp.73-95, 2021.
[37] Díaz-Soloaga, P., “The role of communication in organizational culture. Is there a pattern in Spanish fashion companies?,” Profesional de la información, Vol.28, Issue.5, 2019.
[38] Guzmán, V. E., Muschard, B., Gerolamo, M., Kohl, H., & Rozenfeld, H., “Characteristics and Skills of Leadership in the Context of Industry 4.0,” Procedia Manufacturing, Vol.43, pp.543-550, 2020.
[39] Kassema, J. J., “IT Management As A Discipline With Associated Challenges: Case Of Tanzania Public Sector,” Journal of Public Economics, Vol.14, Issue.12, 2019.
[40] Azeem, M., Ahmed, M., Haider, S., & Sajjad, M., “Expanding competitive advantage through organizational culture, knowledge sharing and organizational innovation,” Technology in Society, Vol.66, Issue.101635, 2021.
[41] Chiaburu, D. S., Oh, I. S., & Marinova, S. V., “Five-factor model of personality traits and organizational citizenship behavior: Current research and future directions,” The Oxford handbook of organizational citizenship behavior, Issue.203, 2018.
[42] Shanock, L. R., Eisenberger, R., Heggestad, E. D., Malone, G., Clark, L., Dunn, A. M., ... & Woznyj, H., “Treating employees well: The value of organizational support theory in human resource management,” The Psychologist-Manager Journal, Vol.22, Issue.3-4, pp.168, 2019.
[43] Trus, M., Galdikiene, N., Balciunas, S., Green, P., Helminen, M., & Suominen, T., “Connection between organizational culture and climate and empowerment: The perspective of nurse managers,” Nursing & health sciences, Vol.21, Issue.1, pp54-62, 2019.
[44] Erstad, M., “Empowerment and organizational change,” International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol.9, Issue.7, pp.325-333, 1997.
[45] Mustafa, E., & Bon, A. T., “Role of employee empowerment in organization performance: a review,” Research Journal of Social Science & Management (RJSSM), Vol.2, Issue.6, pp.79-83, 2012.
[46] Owen, K., Mundy, R., Guild, W., & Guild, R., “Creating and sustaining the high performance organization,” Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, Vol.11, Issue.1, pp.10-21, 2001.
[47] Akanni, A. A., & Ajila, C. O., “Social support and work-family balance of manufacturing companies’ employee with self-efficacy as a mediator,” Management dynamics in the knowledge economy, Vol.9, Issue.2, pp.177-183, 2021.
[48] Fragkos, K. C., Makrykosta, P., & Frangos, C. C., “Structural empowerment is a strong predictor of organizational commitment in nurses: A systematic review and meta?analysis,” Journal of Advanced Nursing, Vol.76, Issue.4, pp.939-962, 2020.
[49] Orgambídez, A., & Extremera, N., “Understanding the link between work engagement and job satisfaction: Do role stressors underlie this relationship?,” Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, Vol.61, Issue.3, pp.443-449, 2020.
[50] Faulks, B., Song, Y., Waiganjo, M., Obrenovic, B., & Godinic, D., “Impact of empowering leadership, innovative work, and organizational learning readiness on sustainable economic performance: an empirical study of companies in Russia during the COVID-19 pandemic,” Sustainability, Vol.13, Issue.22, pp.124-135, 2021.
[51] Gonçalves, S. P., Santos, J. V. D., Silva, I. S., Veloso, A., Brandão, C., & Moura, R., “COVID-19 and people management: the view of human resource managers,” Administrative Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.3, pp.69, 2021.
[52] Britton-Rumohr, D. J., & Lannie, A. L., “Adapting an Evidence-Based Tier 3 Organizational Skill Intervention to Improve Classwide Organizational Skills,” Journal of Applied School Psychology, Vol.38, Issue.2, pp.123-147, 2022.
[53] Zainab, B., Akbar, W., & Siddiqui, F., “Impact of transformational leadership and transparent communication on employee openness to change: mediating role of employee organization trust and moderated role of change-related self-efficacy,” Leadership & Organization Development Journal, Vol.43, Issue.1, pp.1-13, 2022.
[54] Syakur, A., Susilo, T. A. B., Wike, W., & Ahmadi, R., “Sustainability of communication, organizational culture, cooperation, trust and leadership style for lecturer commitments in higher education,” Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol.3, Issue.2, pp.1325-1335, 2020.
[55] Meng, H., Luo, Y., Huang, L., Wen, J., Ma, J., & Xi, J., “On the relationships of resilience with organizational commitment and burnout: a social exchange perspective,” The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol.30, Issue.15, pp.2231-2250, 2019.
[56] Grigoropoulos, J. E., “The Role of Ethics in 21st Century Organizations,” International Journal of Progressive Education, Vol.15, Issue.2, pp.167-175, 2019.
[57] Jannat, T., Alam, S. S., Ho, Y. H., Omar, N. A., & Lin, C. Y., “Can corporate ethics programs reduce unethical behavior? Threat appraisal or coping appraisal,” Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-17, 2021.
[58] Wang, Y., “Observations on the organizational commitment of Chinese employees: comparative studies of state-owned enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises,” In Human Resource Management in China Revisited, pp.33-53, Routledge, 2020.
[59] Norta, A., Othman, A. B., & Taveter, K., “Conflict-resolution lifecycles for governed decentralized autonomous organization collaboration,” In Proceedings of the 2015 2nd International Conference on Electronic Governance and Open Society: Challenges in Eurasia, pp. 244-257, 2015.
[60] Wicker, C., “Competency–based approach to developing leaders for crises,” New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development, Vol.33, Issue.2, pp.52-59, 2021.
[61] Kolfschoten, G. L., Niederman, F., Briggs, R. O., & De Vreede, G. J., “Facilitation roles and responsibilities for sustained collaboration support in organizations,” Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol.28, Issue.4, pp.129-162, 2012.
[62] Kapur, R., “Importance of Managerial Competencies in Improving Functioning of Educational Institutions,” International Journal of Information, Business and Management, Vol.13, Issue.4, pp.131-140, 2021.
[63] Kruchina, O., Skorobogatova, V., & Smirnova, T., “Formation of interpersonal, group and organizational communications skills of future economists,” In E3S Web of Conferences, Vol. 164, p.12022. EDP Sciences, 2020.
[64] Bostan, I., “Special Issue “Audit and Financial Control Tools Aimed at Ensuring the Sustainable Performance of Organizations,” Sustainability, Vol.13, Issue.18, p.10364, 2021.
[65] Ghanbari, S., Heidari Sorshjane, N., & Abdolmaleki, J., “The role of principals` ethical leadership in school organizational excellence mediated by teachers` psychological empowerment,” School Administration, Vol.9, Issue.2, pp.73-98, 2021.
[66] Kumar, V., & Sharma, R. R. K., “Leadership styles and their relationship with TQM focus for Indian firms: An empirical investigation,” International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Vol.67, Issue.6, pp.1063-1088, 2018.
[67] Buli?ska-Stangrecka, H., & Bagie?ska, A., “The impact of employee training and development on tacit knowledge transfer and the mediating role of trust,” International Journal of Learning and Change, Vol.13, Issue.4-5, pp.474-489, 2021.
[68] Parashakti, R. D., Fahlevi, M., Ekhsan, M., & Hadinata, A., “The influence of work environment and competence on motivation and its impact on employee performance in health sector,” In 3rd Asia Pacific International Conference of Management and Business Science ICMBS 2019, pp.259-267, Atlantis Press, 2020.
[69] Kumah, P., Yaokumah, W., & Okai, E. S. A., “A conceptual model and empirical assessment of HR security risk management,” Information & Computer Security, Vol.27, Issue.3, pp.411-433, 2019.
[70] 70 Saylik, A., Polatcan, M., & Saylik, N., “Diversity management and respect for diversity at schools,” International Journal of Progressive Education, Vol.12, Issue.1, pp.51-63, 2016.
[71] Avery, D. R., “Why the playing field remains uneven: Impediments to promotions in organizations,” 2011.
[72] Laschinger, H. K., Read, E., & Zhu, J., “Employee empowerment and organizational commitment,” Handbook of employee commitment, pp.319, 2016.
[73] Heslin, P. A., “Boosting empowerment by developing self?efficacy,” Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, Vol.37, Issue.1, pp.52-64, 1999.
[74] Ishola, A. A. & Atafo, D. O., “Influence of Job Security, Job Competence and Organizational Commitment on Nigerian Security and Civil Defense Corps Officers’ Perceived Leadership Effectiveness,” Journal of Defense Studies, pp.130-151, 2019.
[75] Benson, B. J., “Domain of competence: interpersonal and communication skills,” Academic pediatrics, Vol.14, Issue.2, pp.55-65, 2014.
[76] Shahzadi, I., Javed, A., Pirzada, S. S., Nasreen, S., & Khanam, F., “Impact of employee motivation on employee performance,” European Journal of Business and Management, Vol.6, Issue.23, pp.159-166, 2014.
[77] Ramlall, S. J., “HR competencies and their relationship to organizational practices,” Performance Improvement, Vol.45, Issue.5, pp.32-43, 2006.
[78] Reitman, G. C., & Karge, B. D., “Investing in teacher support leads to teacher retention: Six supports administrators should consider for new teachers,” Multicultural Education, Vol.27, Issue.1, pp.7-18, 2019.
[79] Parker, M., Fang, X., & Bradlyn, A., “Costs and effectiveness of a culturally tailored communication training program to increase cultural competence among multi-disciplinary care management teams,” BMC Health Services Research, Issue.20, pp.1-7, 2020.
[80] Iis, E. Y., Abubakar, R., & Maimunah, S., “The Effect of Information Technology Utilization and Employee Competence on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as the Intervening Variable in the Aceh Irrigation Service,” International Journal of Professional Business Review: Int. J. Prof. Bus. Rev., Vol.8, Issue.7, p.63, 2023.
[81] Rahmawati, R., Ayuningsih, C. F., & Sugiarti, G., “The Influence Of Work Culture, Social Concern, And Organizational Commitment On Employee Performance Improvement With Job Satisfaction As A Mediation,” International Journal of Economics and Management Research, Vol.2, Issue.2, pp.178-196, 2023.
[82] Hakro, T. H., Abbasi, K. H., & Mahesar, H. A., “Influence of organizational culture, supervisor behavior and HRM practices on employee turnover intentions: Study of NGOs sector of Sindh, Pakistan,” Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review, Vol.2, Issue.1, pp.97-105, 2021.
[83] Pârjoleanu, R., “Work motivation efficiency in the workplace,” Postmodern Openings, Vol.11, Issue.4, pp.293-309, 2020.
[84] El Talla, S. A., Al Shobaki, M. J., Abusharekh, N. H., & Abu-Naser, S. S., “Enhancing the Competitive Advantage in the University of Palestine: Between Reality and Ambition,” 2020.
[85] Zeebaree, S. R., Shukur, H. M., & Hussan, B. K., “Human resource management systems for enterprise organizations: A review,” Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.660-669, 2019.
[86] Asaari, M. H. A. H., Desa, N. M., & Subramaniam, L., “Influence of salary, promotion, and recognition toward work motivation among government trade agency employees,” International Journal of Business and Management, Vol.14, Issue.4, pp.48-59, 2019.