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• Open Access   Article

  Development of Nano Thermodynamics With its Applications to Different Types of Nanomaterials

  Priya Paneru, Munish Kumar

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp.1-8, Jun-2024

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  Abstract
  Simple thermodynamics is discussed to study the properties of nanomaterials. The method is used to study the size and shape dependence of thermodynamic properties of nanomaterial. We applied it to predict the compression, thermal expansion and their size and shape dependence of different type of nanomaterials. The results are compared with the available experimental data. A good agreement between theory and experiment demonstrates the validity of the theory. It is found that the theory reduces the number of parameters and is applicable to different types of nanomaterials, under varying conditions of size, shape, pressure and temperature. The application to different type of nanomaterials demonstrates the universal nature of the theory. Such simplicity, wide applicability and good agreement with experimental data never seen earlier for nanomaterials.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Size, shape, thermodynamics, nanomaterials, equation of state

  References
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  Citation
  Priya Paneru, Munish Kumar, "Development of Nano Thermodynamics With its Applications to Different Types of Nanomaterials," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.12, Issue.3, pp.1-8, 2024

• Open Access   Article

  A Duel Culture Assay of NiO/TiO2 for the detection of antibacterial properties

  Bhargavi KS

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp.9-13, Jun-2024

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  Nano composites made from nickel oxide and titanium dioxide semiconductors are gaining a lot of interest in a wide variety of fields, including antibacterial applications. In the current study, the chemical sol-gel process is used to synthesize NiO/TiO2 nano composite materials with varying weight percentages. The tetragonal anatase phase of TiO2 and face-centered cubic NiO both have peaks in the X-ray diffraction pattern. It was discovered that crystallite sizes ranged from 14 to 25 nm. The agglomerated particles are shown in spherical shape on the SEM pictures. The composition element contained in the composites was displayed using an EDAX pattern. All samples exhibit good antibacterial efficacy against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria, according to the antibacterial studies.Nano composites made from nickel oxide and titanium dioxide semiconductors are gaining a lot of interest in a wide variety of fields, including antibacterial applications. In the current study, the chemical sol-gel process is used to synthesize NiO/TiO2 nano composite materials with varying weight percentages. The tetragonal anatase phase of TiO2 and face-centered cubic NiO both have peaks in the X-ray diffraction pattern. It was discovered that crystallite sizes ranged from 14 to 25 nm. The agglomerated particles are shown in spherical shape on the SEM pictures. The composition element contained in the composites was displayed using an EDAX pattern. All samples exhibit good antibacterial efficacy against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria, according to the antibacterial studies.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Metal oxides, nano composites, sol-gel synthesis, antibacterial activity, gram positive and gram negative bacteria

  References
  [1] A. Angel Ezhilarasi, J.Judith Vijaya, K. Kaviyarasu, L. John Kennedy, R. Jothi Ramalingam, Hamad A. Al-Lohedan, Green synthesis of NiO nanoparticles using Aegle marmelos leaf extract for the evaluation of in-vitro cytotoxicity, antibacterial and photocatalytic properties, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 180, pp.39–50, 2018.
  [2] Tran, N.; Mir, A.; Mallik, D.; Sinha, A.; Nayar, S.; Webster, T. J. Bactericidal Effect of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus. Int. J. Nanomed., 5, pp.277–283, 2010. DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s9220
  [3] P. IyyappaRajan, J. Judith Vijaya, S.K. Jesudoss, K. Kaviyarasu, L. John Kennedy, R. Jothiramalingam, Hamad A. Al-Lohedan, Mansoor-Ali Vaali-Mohammed, Greenfuel-mediated synthesis of self-assembled NiO nano-sticks for dual applications - photocatalytic activity on Rose Bengal dye and antimicrobial action on bacterial strains, Materials Research Express 4 (8), 085030, 2017.
  [4] S. Mohamed, S. Alsaihi, Microwave-assisted synthesis of Nickel oxide nanoparticles using Coriandrum Sativum leaf extract and their structural-magnetic catalytic properties, Journal of Metals 10, 460, 2017.
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  Citation
  Bhargavi KS, "A Duel Culture Assay of NiO/TiO2 for the detection of antibacterial properties," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.12, Issue.3, pp.9-13, 2024

• Open Access   Article

  Biomass Briquettes Promote Sustainable Energy Practices and Environmental Stewardship

  S.Aynharan, S Mithilan, S.J. Dabarera

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp.14-18, Jun-2024

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  The utilization of biomass presents an environmentally friendly approach to producing clean and sustainable fuels. Biomass, derived from organic materials such as plants, wood, agricultural residues, and organic waste, offers several advantages in the realm of energy production. By harnessing biomass, we can mitigate reliance on fossil fuels, which contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation. These wastes hold significant potential for recycling and serving as a renewable source of energy. By converting biomass waste into high-density fuel briquettes without the need for additional binders, we can create a sustainable energy solution. This recycled fuel not only provides a viable energy source but also offers environmental benefits by conserving natural resources. Biomass briquetting emerges as a key renewable energy resource in this endeavor. It enables the efficient utilization of organic waste materials, such as agricultural residues, forestry waste, and organic by-products, by compacting them into convenient and energy-dense briquettes. his paper focuses on the densification of various raw materials, including rice husk, wood apple shell, and sawdust into briquettes using different technologies. It delves into the advantages of biomass briquetting and examines factors that influence the process. Additionally, the paper provides a comparison between raw coal and biomass briquetting methods. Throughout the study, detailed insights into the process, results, and implications of the research are highlighted, offering valuable information for understanding the feasibility and benefits of biomass briquetting as an alternative energy source.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Briquettes, saw dust, rice husk, wood apple shell, and cow dung

  References
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  Citation
  S.Aynharan, S Mithilan, S.J. Dabarera, "Biomass Briquettes Promote Sustainable Energy Practices and Environmental Stewardship," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.12, Issue.3, pp.14-18, 2024

• Open Access   Article

  Sample Preparation, Characterization, & Thermoluminescence Analysis of Plotted Glow Curves of Europium Activated Synthesized Phosphor Via Conventional Solid-State Reaction Technique

  Shashank Sharma, Sanjay Kumar Dubey

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp.19-26, Jun-2024

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  In this section, we have examined the thermal characteristics of Eu2+-activated Ba2MgSi2O7 phosphor sample at 5 mol% concentrations employing a traditional solid-state reaction approach with highly elevated temperature under a weak degrading environment. Entire chemical reaction process was conducted for three hours at a constant furnace temperature of 11000C. To ensure that confirm the distinctive features of the presented thermoluminescence (TL) glow curve, it was further examined using a Nucleonix (Hyderabad, India) Pc based TLD Reader (TL 1009I). The synthesized phosphor sample`s TL glow curve revealed an appearance of a single, broad peak at 102.21°C. We are able to investigate from the plotted TL glow curve that the TL intensity has become optimal at15 minutes of ultraviolet (UV) light radiation time. Trapping/kinetic parameters of trap centers with the objective to figuring out the following order of kinetics [b], activation energy [E], & frequency factor [s] have been calculated by applying Chen`s empirical formula. The activation energy [E] of trap depths have been determined to be 0.55 to 0.68 eV. In accordance with this, the frequency factor (s) was estimated within the following range to be 6.2 ×107 to 9.8 ×107s-1. In conclusion, the present research investigation has described into detail about the thermal characteristics of the synthesized Ba2MgSi2O7: Eu2+ phosphor. The synthesized phosphor shows the potential application for long-term persistence as a good TL phosphor.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Ba2MgSi2O7: Eu2+, Phosphor, Solid-state Reaction, Thermoluminescence (TL), Trap Centers, Trapping/Kinetic Parameters, Chen`s Empirical Formula, Long-term Persistence etc.

  References
  [1] S. Shionoya, W.M. Yen (Eds.), “Phosphor Handbook,” CRC Taylor and Francis Press, Boca Raton, pp.10-51, 2000.
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  [3] S. Sharma, S. K. Dubey, “Thermoluminescence Study of Prepared Ba2MgSi2O7: Eu2+, Dy3+ Nano Phosphor via Combustion Synthesis Technique (CST),” Global Journal of Material Science and Engineering, Vol.6, No.2, pp.1-5, 2024.
  [4] S. Sharma, S. K. Dubey, K. Dubey, "Structural & Thermal Investigation Studies of Synthesized Cerium Doped Akermanite Phosphor," Applied Sciences Research Periodicals, Vol.2, No.1, pp.1-7, 2024.
  [5] S. K. Dubey, S. Sharma, A. K. Diwakar, S. Pandey, “Synthesization of Monoclinic Ba2MgSi2O7: Dy3+ Structure by Combustion Route,” Journal of Materials Science Research and Reviews, Vol.8, No.4, pp.172-179, 2021.
  [6] S. K. Dubey, S. Sharma, A. K. Diwakar, S. Pandey, “Structural Characterization and Optical Properties of Monoclinic Ba2MgSi2O7 (BMS) Phosphor,” International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Science, Vol.9, No.6, pp.81-85, 2021.
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  [8] S. Sharma, S. K. Dubey, “Spectroscopic and Luminescence Studies of Eu2+ Doped Ca2MgSi2O7 Nano Phosphor,” Neuro Quantology, Vol.20, No.7, pp.3357-3374, 2022.
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  [12] S. Sharma, S. K. Dubey, “The Significant Properties of Silicate Based Luminescent Nanomaterials in Various Fields of Applications: A Review”, International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.9, No.4, pp.37-41, 2021.
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  [24] S. Sharma, S.K. Dubey, A.K. Diwakar, S. Pandey, “Structural Characterization and Luminescence Properties of Ca2MgSi2O7 (CMS) Phosphor,” International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.9, No.6, pp.49-53, 2021.

  Citation
  Shashank Sharma, Sanjay Kumar Dubey, "Sample Preparation, Characterization, & Thermoluminescence Analysis of Plotted Glow Curves of Europium Activated Synthesized Phosphor Via Conventional Solid-State Reaction Technique," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.12, Issue.3, pp.19-26, 2024