Facie Analysis and Geochemical Characteristics of Bima Formation at Wuyo, Part of Gongola Sub-Basin, Upper Benue Trough, Northeastern Nigeria: Implications for Provenance, Paleoenvironment and Tectonic History

I.M. Mustapha¹ , B. Shettima² , A.S. Sa’ad³ , U. Maibeti⁴ , H. Muhyideen⁵ , M.T. Abubakar⁶

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.7 , Issue.6 , pp.1-12, Dec-2019

CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v7i6.112

Online published on Dec 31, 2019

Copyright © I.M. Mustapha, B. Shettima, A.S. Sa’ad, U. Maibeti, H. Muhyideen, M.T. Abubakar . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

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Abstract :
The studied section of the Bima Formation at the Wuyo village composed of finning upward cycles of mudstones and medium-coarse grained sandstones sediments with total thickness of about 61.9m. The section consists of ten fining upwards sequence with individual cycles characterized by an erosional base overlying lithologies of either sandstone or mudstone beds. The lithofacies similarities also suggest hydrodynamic condition leading to their deposition is similar throughout. The geochemical plot of Al2O3/SiO2 versus Fe2O3 +MgO wt% for the discrimination of sample plotted in and around (PM), (ACM), (CIA), (OIA). From all the plots of the four samples, three of the points falls outside all the fields and majority around the continental island arc (CIA) field; the remaining point falls within the active continental margin (ACM). In the Bivariate plot of (K2O/Na2O) against SiO2, all the four points plotted falls within the active continental margin (ACM), while in the plot of K2O/Na2O versus Fe2O3+ MgO wt%, all four points plotted falls outside all the fields but are generally around oceanic island arc (OIA).The geochemical analysis showed few of the points fell within the oceanic island arc (OIA), continental island arc (OIA) and active continental margin (ACM) fields, while majority fell outside all fields but are generally around the active continental margin (ACM) fields, suggesting that most of the samples of the Bima studied at the Wuyo village formed in active continental margin (ACM) settings. This is also supported by the dominance of litharenite in the formation which indicates high tectonic activities.

Key-Words / Index Term :
Geochemical analysis, Bima, Geochemical plot, Wuyo, Litharenite

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