Identification of Common Urological Disorders and Radiation Dose Assessment among the Patients Attending Intravenous Urographic X-Ray Procedure in Kebbi State

Buhari Samaila¹ , Buhari Maidamma² , Rilwanu Mohammed Danyaro³

1. Dept. of Physics with electronics, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria.
2. Dept. of Physics with electronics, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria.
3. Dept. of Radiology, Federal University Teaching Hospital Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State, Nigeria.

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp.16-24, Feb-2025

Online published on Feb 28, 2025

Copyright © Buhari Samaila, Buhari Maidamma, Rilwanu Mohammed Danyaro . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

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Abstract :
The increasing use of Intravenous Urography (IVU) for diagnostic imaging has led to an investigation of patient-specific factors influencing procedural parameters and radiation exposure. This study identified urological disorders and assessed radiation doses among 400 patients undergoing IVU in Kebbi State, Nigeria. Data were processed using caldose-X-5.0 and SPSS. Demographic analysis showed that male patients (mean age: 36.89 years) were younger than females (mean age: 41.26 years), with males having lower average weight and height. Procedural findings indicated that females received slightly more contrast media (52.65 ml vs. 49.47 ml) and had shorter imaging times (57.80 s vs. 66.21 s). The number of images taken was comparable, with males averaging 6.99 and females 6.68. Clinical results revealed gender-based disease distribution: males predominantly had kidney stones and hydronephrosis, while females exhibited more gynecological conditions like uterine fibroids and left flank pain. Disease prevalence varied by hospital, with kidney stones most common at Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital, uterine fibroids at Federal University Teaching Hospital, and bladder disorders at General Hospital Yauri. Radiation exposure analysis showed variations in BMI, Entrance Skin Dose (ESD), and Dose Area Product (DAP). FUTH recorded the highest mean BMI (24.64 kg/m²) and radiation doses (ESD: 2.80 mGy, ED: 1.32 mSv, DAP: 2143.00 Gy·cm²), suggesting less protocol optimization. SYHM had the lowest radiation exposure, likely due to better safety measures. These findings highlight the need for gender-specific diagnostic strategies and improved radiation optimization.

Key-Words / Index Term :
Imaging Time, Radiation Dose, Entrance Skin Dose, Dose Area Product, Effective Dose, Body Mass Index (BMI), Urological Disorders and Kebbi

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