Volume-11 , Issue-3 , Sep 2024, ISSN 2348-6341

• Open Access   Article

  Effects of Deposition Periods on the Optical and Structural Properties of Electrochemically Deposited Nickel-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films

  Muomeliri Chukwudi Benjamin, Ekpunobi Azubike Josiah, Okoli Donald Nnanyere, Azubogu Augustine C, Nwori Augustine Nwode, Jeroh Diemiruaye Mimi, Anusiuba Overcomer Ifeanyi Alex, Okafor Chiedozie Emmanuel, Lynda Ozobialu, Adline Nwaodo

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (JPCM)

  Vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp.1-10, Sep-2024

  Abstract

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  Abstract
  Thin films of nickel-doped zinc oxides (Ni/ZnO) were fabricated on the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) conductive glass substrates using the method of electrodeposition in this research work. Precursors solutions of zinc acetate dihydrate and nickel chloride hexahydrate were used as sources of Zn and O ions respectively. In the electrodeposition setup, the FTO glass substrate served as the working electrode, silver/silver chloride was used as reference electrode and platinum rod used as the counter electrode. 20 ml of 0.1 M zinc acetate and 4 ml 0.01 M of nickel chloride hexahydrate were used and DC supply of 4.0 volts was maintained while optimizing deposition time to determine their effects on the properties of the films. The optical and structural properties of the films were investigated using X-ray diffraction and UV-VIS spectroscopy technique respectively. The results showed that the deposited thin films of Ni/ZnO have low absorbance but increased up to the range of 1.1 to 1.26 in the visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) regions as deposition time increased to 150 secs. The films also exhibited high values of refractive indices and optical conductivity which were found to be further increased with increase in deposition time and up to the ranges of 6.0 to 7.0 and 9.0?1014-1.2?1015 S-1 respectively for 150 secs films in the VIS and NIR regions. The bandgap energy decreased in the order 2.60 eV, 2.20 eV, 2.22 eV, 2.02 eV and 1.90 eV for the films formed at 30 secs, 60 secs, 90 secs, 120 secs and 150 secs respectively. The structural analysis revealed that the films have hexagonal crystalline structure with slight perturbations on their structural parameters by deposition time variation. These results suggest that the properties exhibited by the films are strategic for varieties of applications including LEDs, solar cells/photovoltaic cells, photodetector devices etc.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Nickel, Electrodeposition, Transparent Conducting Oxides (TCOs), Bandgap, LEDs, Solar Cells.

  References
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  Citation
  Muomeliri Chukwudi Benjamin, Ekpunobi Azubike Josiah, Okoli Donald Nnanyere, Azubogu Augustine C, Nwori Augustine Nwode, Jeroh Diemiruaye Mimi, Anusiuba Overcomer Ifeanyi Alex, Okafor Chiedozie Emmanuel, Lynda Ozobialu, Adline Nwaodo, "Effects of Deposition Periods on the Optical and Structural Properties of Electrochemically Deposited Nickel-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films," Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Vol.11, Issue.3, pp.1-10, 2024

• Open Access   Article

  Adsorptive Ability of Ethylene-1,2-Diamine Functionalized Jackfruit Seeds Adsorbent for Cationic Rhodamine B and Malachite Green Dyes from an Aqueous Media

  Samuel N. Ndung’u

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (JPCM)

  Vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp.11-17, Sep-2024

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

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  Citation

  Abstract
  The continued use of dye laden water is detrimental to human, animal wellbeing and the entire ecosystem even at permissible limits. Several decontamination techniques are available but are expensive and ineffective. Adsorption technology has gained interest because of its high efficiency, design simplicity and availability of materials. The study modified raw biomass using thionyl chloride and ethylene-1,2-diamine for uptake of Rhodamine B (RhB) and Malachite green (MG) dyes. Both raw and functionalized adsorbent were analyzed using FT-IR and FE-SEM. The FT-IR results showed functional groups of carbonyl (-C=O), carboxylate (-COO-) (raw), hydroxyl (OH-) and additional anchored amine (-NH2) groups (functionalized adsorbent) as important sites for cationic dyes removal. The SEM results showed more porous adsorbent surface which improved its sorption ability. The maximum uptake obtained at optimal pH=10, 40 minutes, 35 mg and 40 mg/L was 22.61 ± 0.15 mg/g and 21.76 ± 0.09 mg/g for RhB and MG dyes respectively. The adsorption fitted Langmuir isotherm model (R2 > 0.95) dictating a chemisorption process. The time data fitted pseudo second order model in explaining the sorption rate. The findings of the study revealed the potential of the functionalized adsorbent dyes adsorption from aqueous solution with no leaching of the secondary pollutants.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Ethylene-1,2-diamine (EDA), Rhodamine B (RhB), Thionyl chloride (SOCl2), Malachite green (MG), Chemisorption

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  Citation
  Samuel N. Ndung’u, "Adsorptive Ability of Ethylene-1,2-Diamine Functionalized Jackfruit Seeds Adsorbent for Cationic Rhodamine B and Malachite Green Dyes from an Aqueous Media," Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Materials, Vol.11, Issue.3, pp.11-17, 2024