Optical, Electrical, Structural and morphological Properties of Electrodeposited CdMnS Thin Film Semiconductors for Possible Device Applications

Nwori ¹ , A.N. ² , Ezenwaka L.N. Otti³ , E.I. Okereke⁴ , N.A. ⁵ , Okoli ⁶ , N.L. ⁷

Section:Research Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp.1-11, Jun-2021

Online published on Jun 30, 2021

Copyright © Nwori, A.N., Ezenwaka L.N. Otti, E.I. Okereke, N.A., Okoli, N.L. . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

View this paper at   Google Scholar | DPI Digital Library

XML View     PDF Download

How to Cite this Paper

Abstract :
Chalcogenide thin film semiconductors of cadmium manganese sulphide (CdMnS) have been successfully deposited on conductive florine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate using an electrodeposition technique. Cadmium sulphate (CdSO4.H2O), Manganese sulphate (MnSO4.H2O) and Thiourea (CH4N2S) were precursors used for sources of cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn) and sulphur (S) ions respectively. The deposited thin films were characterized to determine their optical, electrical, structural and morphological properties for possible applications. The results of the characterizations showed that the optical absorbance, absorption coefficient are high throughout the ultra-violet (UV), visible (VIS) and near infrared (NIR) regions while the optical conductivity is high in the VIS and NIR regions. The percentage reflectance of the deposited films is generally low. The band gap energy is wide and within the range of 3.5 eV - 3.6 eV. The maximum value of the electrical conductivity of the films is obtained if the thin films have thickness is in the range of 200 – 250 nm and deposited with Mn2+ concentration of 0.10 M. The structural properties revealed that the deposited films are crystalline and possessed hexagonal structures while the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicated that the films have particle sizes which are mostly irregular in shapes. The observed properties in these films indicate that the films can serve as good materials for many applications such as; photovoltaic cells, anti-reflection coatings, photo thermal applications and for many other electronic devices that require high temperatures

Key-Words / Index Term :
Cadmium manganese sulphide (CdMnS), Electrical properties, Optical properties, Photo-voltaic Cell, X-ray diffraction (XRD)

References :
[1] P. C. Okafor and A. J. Ekpunobi, “Effect of Manganese Doping Percentage on Band Gap Energy of Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) Nano-films Prepared by Electrodeposition Method,” International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Vol. 4, No., 12, pp. 2280-2284, 2015.
[2] M. H. A. Selma, “Optoelectronic characteristics and optical properties for Cd1-xMnxS nanocrystalline thin films prepared by chemical bath deposition,” International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (IJAIEM), Vol. 3, No., 2, pp. 329-333, 2014.
[3] J. S Dargad and L. P Deshmukh, “Cd1-xMnxS dilute magnetic semiconductor: application in photoelectrochemical cells,” Turkish journal of physics, Vol. 33, pp. 317-324, 2009.
[4] J. S. Dargad. “Preparation of Cd1?xMnxSe diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) thin films by CBD: Studies on optical and electrical properties”, International journal of applied research, Vol. 1, No., 10, pp. 926-932, 2015.
[5] A. A. Oladiran, A. Oluwaseun and S. Y, “Kolawole. Study of optical and crystallographic properties of CBD grown CdS thin films,” IJRRAS, Vol. 12, No., 3, pp. 420-426, 2012.
[6] H. I Salim, O. I. Olusola, A. A. Ojo, K. A. Urasov, M. B. Dergacheva, I. Dharmadasa, “Electrodeposition and characterization of CdS thin films using thiourea precursor for application in solar cells,” Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, Vol. 27, No., 7, pp. 6786-6799, 2016.
[7] B. S. Munde R. B. Mahewar and L. S. Ravangave, “Study of Spectroscopic Properties of Cd0.6Mn0.4S Chemical Bath Deposited Thin film for Solar cell Applications,” IJRAR- International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 962-966, 2018.
[8] F. Iacomi, Salaoru, N. Apetroaei, A. Vasile, C. M. Teodorescu and D. Macovei, “Physical characterization of CdMnS nanocrystalline thin films grown by vacuum thermal evaporation,” Journal of optoelectronics and advanced materials, Vol. 8 No., 1, pp., 266-270, 2006.
[9] B. S. Munde and L. S. Ravangave, “Physical and spectroscopic characterization of chemically deposited Cd1-xMnxS thin films,” IOSR Journal of applied physics (IOSR-JAP), Vol. 9, No., 3, pp. 85-89, 2017.
[10] H. R. Pouretedal, H. Eskandari, M. H. Keshavarz and A. Abolfazel Semnani, “Photodegradation of organic dyes using Nanoparticles of Cadmium Sulfide Doped with Manganese, Nickel and Copper as Nanophotocatalyst,” Journal of Acta Chim. Slov, Vol. 56, pp. 353-361, 2009.
[11] P. V Radovanovic, C. J Barrelet, S Gradecak, F Qian C. M Lieber, “General Synthesis of Manganese-Doped II-VI and III-V Semiconductor Nanowires,” Nano Letters. Vol. 5, No., No., 7, pp. 1407-1411, 2005.
[12] V. V. M. Chandu, M. Gopi, Venkata-Haritha, K. Soo-Kyoung and K Hee-Je, “A strategy to improve the energy conversion efficiency and stability of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells using manganese-doped cadmium sulfide quantum dots,” Journal of Dalton Transactions, Vol. 44, pp. 630–638, 2015
[13] P. Vishwakarma, M. Ramrakhiani, P. Singh and D. P. Bisen, “Synthesis and Electroluminescence Studies of Manganese Doped Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles,” The Open Nanoscience Journal, Vol. 5, pp. 34-40, 2011.
[14] I. L. Ikhioya, I. B. Okeoghene, C. B Agbakwuru, N. J. Opene and A. Yahaya, “Effect of Precursor pHon Cadmium Doped Manganese Sulphide (CdMnS) Thin Films For Photovoltaic Application,” SSRG International Journal of Material Science and Engineering ( SSRG-IJMSE ), Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 1-8, 2020.
[15] A. Hannachi, S. Hammami, N. Raouafi and H. Maghraoui-Meherzi, “Preparation of manganese sulfide (MnS) thin films by chemical bath deposition: Application of the experimental design methodology,” Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 663, pp. 507-515, 2016.
[16] M. Karunakaran, S. Maheswari, K. Kasirajan, S. D. Raj and R. Chandramohan, “Structural and Optical Properties of Mn-Doped ZnO Thin Films Prepared by SILAR Method,” International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, Vol. 73, No., 23, pp. 22-30, 2017.
[17] M. D. Jeroh and D. N. Okoli, “Optical and structural properties of amorphous antimony sulphide thin films: Effect of dip time,” Advances in Applied Science Research, Vol. 3, No., 2, pp. 793-800, 2012.
[18] A. Ait Hssi, L. Atourki, N. Labchir, M. Ouafi, K. Abouabassi, A. Elfanaoui, A. Ihlal1 and K. Bouabid, “Optical and dielectric properties of electrochemically deposited p-Cu2O films,” Material Research Express, Vol. 7, pp. 1-9, 2020.
[19] A. Ohwofosirai, D. M. Femi, A. N. Nwokike, O. J. Toluchi, R. U. Osuji and B. A. Ezekoye, “A Study of the Optical Conductivity, Extinction Coefficient and Dielectric Function of CdO by Sucessive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) Techniques,” American Chemical Science Journal, Vol. 4, No., 6, pp. 736-744, 2014.
[20] S. Rajathi, K. Kirubavathi and K. Selvaraju, “Preparation of nanocrystalline Cd-doped PbS thin films and their structural and optical properties,” Journal of Taibah University for Science, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 1296-1305, 2017.
[21] M. A. Islam, M. S. Hossain, M.M. Aliyu, P. Chelvanathan, Q. Huda, M. R. Karim, K. Sopian and N. Amina, “Comparison of Structural and Optical Properties of CdS Thin Films Grown by CSVT, CBD and Sputtering Techniques,” Energy Procedia, Vol. 33, pp. 203 – 213, 2013.
[22] E. K. Nasr El Din, M. O. Dawood and A. M. Ali, “Influence of Thickness on Structural and optical properties of the CdS single crystal nano structure thin films Deposited via Thermal evaporation,” Tikrit Journal of Pure Science, Vol. 27, No., 7, pp. 6786-6799, 2019.