Volume-7 , Issue-2 , Jun 2020, ISSN 2348-635X Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  Engineering Subsoil Exploration for Foundation Design and Planning of a proposed Filling Station in Ore Area of Ondo State

  O.O. Falowo, M.P. Otuaga

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp.77-87, Jun-2020

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  Abstract
  The study presents the usefulness of preconstruction engineering site investigation in the vicinity of proposed site for petroleum filing station in Ore, southwestern Nigeria using geoelectrical and geotechnical methods. The electrical resistivity utilized schlumberger configuration, and was complemented with in-situ geotechnical test and laboratory analysis of eleven soil samples at depths not exceeding 3.0 m. The results show that the topsoil resistivity (avg. 351ohm-m) is moderately competent/corrosive to sustain the structural load with appreciable thickness of 3.1 ? 15.5 m for shallow foundation. The thickness of the weathered layer is characterized by thickness greater than 10 m in all places within the site and is mildly/slightly corrosive, hence, favours burial of storage fuel tanks. The settlement analysis for foundation width of 0.6 ? 3.0 m at three depth levels of 1 m, 2 m and 3 m produced values between 9.46 ? 47.98 mm. But foundation width above 0.6 m is recommended so as to have settlement value less than 25 mm. The calculation of bearing capacities for strip and square foundation within 0.6 ? 1.4 m depth gives an allowable bearing capacity varying from 523 ? 806 kPa and 719 - 1063 kPa respectively. An average allowable bearing capacity of 150 kPa is recommended and would be appropriate for design of shallow foundation in the site, at a depth not less than 1.0 m. Therefore the proposed architectural plan for the station is professionally acceptable

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Bearing capacity, Foundation structure, Settlement analysis, Electrical resistivity, Cone penetration test, Square and strip footing

  References
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  Citation
  O.O. Falowo, M.P. Otuaga, "Engineering Subsoil Exploration for Foundation Design and Planning of a proposed Filling Station in Ore Area of Ondo State," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.77-87, 2020

• Open Access   Article

  Experimental Investigation on Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Beam Using Jute Fibre Reinforced Polymer Laminates

  Udhaya Sankari S.P., Umamaheswari R.

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp.88-91, Jun-2020

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  This experiment comes under rehabilitation work. Now a day?s retrofitting is expanding worldwide and it is one of the best option to make an inadequate building safe against future probable earthquake or other environmental force. Replacing the damaged structure is one of the difficult process as well as cost intensive process and also risky work therefore retrofitting is one of the best solution .The purpose of this experiment is to study the behaviour of reinforced concrete beam before and after retrofitting by jute fibre wrap and the bond between jute fibre and concrete is done with the help of general purpose resin (GPR) to increase the strength of deteriorated beam by using M35 grade concrete. The result says about the increase in its strength.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Jutefibrewrap,Retrofiting,GPR,Rehabilitation

  References
  [1]. Uji k. ?Increasing the shear capacity of existing reinforced concrete structure members by applying with the help of carbon fibre sheetsˮ. Transaction of the japan concrete institution,volume 14. 1992
  [2]. Miyachui K. ?increasing the strength of concrete column with the help of carbon fibre sheetˮ. Transactions of the japan concrete institute, volume 21, 1999.
  [3]. Raju A. and Matew L.A. ? Retrofitting of RC Beam using FRPˮ. International journal of engineering research and technology (IJRET), 2(1),2013,PP.6-10.
  [4]. Hamid R. and Allan H. ?concrete beams externally bonded with FRP platesˮ. journal of composite for construction , ASCE, 1(5), 2001,PP.45-56.
  [5]. Rohit V and Manideep K. ? Retrofitting of RC beams using glass fibre reinforced polymer sheetsˮ. Indian journal of science and technology (IJST), 9(44),2016, pp.1-11.

  Citation
  Udhaya Sankari S.P., Umamaheswari R., "Experimental Investigation on Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Beam Using Jute Fibre Reinforced Polymer Laminates," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.88-91, 2020

• Open Access   Article

  Improving the Transient Stability of Ajaokuta Bus in the Nigerian 330KV Transmission System Using Proportional Integral Based VSC-HVDC Method

  Okolo C.C., Uduh E.J., Ezeugbor I.C., Okwuelu N., Sani O.M.

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp.92-99, Jun-2020

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  Improvement of the dynamic response of generators, within a power system, with the existence of various disturbances, has been a very serious challenge to the power system engineers and researchers. The application of intelligent Voltage Source Converter ? High Voltage Direct Current (VSC-HVDC) to enhance the transient stability of Nigerian 330kV transmission system was studied. PSAT environment was used to model Nigerian 330kV transmission network. The simulation of the system load flow was done. By obtaining the eigenvalue and damping ratio from the eigenvalue analysis of the system buses, one of the critical buses and transmission lines were determine. A balanced three-phase fault is hereby introduced in these critical buses and transmission lines of the network to obtain the current transient stability situation of the grid. This was achieved through what was obtained from the dynamic responses of the generators in Nigeria 330-kV grid/network at the point of introducing the fault. This shows clearly that one of the most critical buses is Ajaokuta bus and critical transmission line is Ajaokuta-Benin Transmission line within the network. The load flow analysis also shows that the system loses synchronism when the balanced three-phase fault was applied to these identified critical buses and lines. This implies that Nigeria 330-kV transmission network is on a bad state and requires urgent control measures with the aim of enhancing the stability margin of the network to avoid system collapse. The VSC-HVDC installation was done along to the critical line. The conventional PI method was used to control the parameters from the converter and inverter of the High Voltage Direct Current. MATLAB/PSAT software was used as the tool to do the simulations. When it was compared with the results of other similar, there was transient stability improvement. The obtained results showed that there is transient stability improvement when the PI controlled HVDC was installed. When compared with the results of other similar works of 28.57% transient stability improvement, it was observed through the dynamic response observed from the generators in the Nigeria 330-kV grid/network

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Transient, Stability, Integral, Transmission, HVDC

  References
  [1] Abido M. A. (2009). Power system enhancement using FACTS controllers: A review. The Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, Vol.34, No.1B, pp.153?172.
  [2] Abikhanova G., Ahmetbekova A., Bayat E., Donbaeva A., Burkitbay G. (2018). International motifs and plots in the Kazakh epics in China (on the materials of the Kazakh epics in China), Opci?n, A?o 33, No. 85. 20-43.
  [3] Adepoju G. A., Komolafe, O. A, Aborisade, D.O. (2011). Power Flow Analysis of the Nigerian Transmission System Incorporating Facts Controllers. International Journal of Applied Science and Technology Vol. 1 No. 5; September 2011
  [4] Eseosa O. and Odiase F. O. (2012). Efficiency Improvement of Nigeria 330kV Network using FACTS devices. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology, pp. 26- 41.
  [5] Eseosa O., and Onahaebi S. O. (2015). Optimal location of IPFC in Nigeria 330kV Integrated Power Network using GA Technique. Journal of Electrical and Electronics Systems, pp. 1-8.
  [6] Fuchs A., Imhof M., Demiray T. and Morari M. (2014). Stabilization of Large Power Systems Using VSC HVDC and Model Predictive Control. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.29, No.1, pp.480?488.
  [7] Hannan, M.A. and K.W. Chan, (2006). Transient analysis of FACTS and custom power devices using phasor dynamics. J. Applied Sci., 6: 1074-1081. DOI: 10.3923/jas.2006.1074.1081
  [8] Haque M. H. (2004). Improvement of First Swing Stability Limit by Utilizing Full Benefit of Shunt FACTS Devices. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.19, No.4, pp.1894?1902.
  [9] Ignatius K. O., Emmanuel A. O. (2017). Transient Stability Analysis of the Nigeria 330-kV Transmission Network. American Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems 2017; 6(6): 79-87,http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/epes, doi: 10.11648/j.epes.20170606.11; ISSN: 2326-912X (Print); ISSN: 2326-9200 (Online)

  Citation
  Okolo C.C., Uduh E.J., Ezeugbor I.C., Okwuelu N., Sani O.M., "Improving the Transient Stability of Ajaokuta Bus in the Nigerian 330KV Transmission System Using Proportional Integral Based VSC-HVDC Method," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.92-99, 2020

• Open Access   Article

  Modeling and Simulation of Solar Power Calculations for GOES-13 & SS-1 Satellite

  M. Raja, Akanksha Mahawer, Shubhangini Shrimali, Vijayalaxmi Matolia

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp.100-103, Jun-2020

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  Abstract
  The proposed work to calculate the orbital velocity, orbital period and efficiency for different power conditions of GOES 13 and SS 1 satellites. The Satellite Power System (SPS) is a possibility for delivering critical amounts of base-load power utilizing sunlight-based vitality as the source such as photovoltaic (PV) cell. In order to ensure that the persistent tasks of the satellite are kept up; it is basic to plan and create its capacity frameworks to meet different prerequisites of the satellites that are available in the earth orbits known as Earth orbit satellites. The satellites, which spin at an elevation over 35,000km, collectively known as Geo-synchronous satellites, which are available in the Geo-synchronous orbits. To control these sort of satellites a special asset of intensity framework is required

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Current parameters, PV module, Photovoltaic cell, Power system, Solar efficiency, Time period

  References
  [1] G.N. Tiwari, Solar Energy, Narosa Publishing House, 2013.
  [2] G.D. Rai, Solar Energy Utilization, Khana Publishers, 2005.
  [3] Mukund R. Patel, Spacecraft Power Systems, CRC Press, 2004.
  [4] Frohlich, R. C., Contemporary measures of the solar constant: The solar output and its variation, Colorado Associated University Press, Boulder, CO,1977.
  [5] C. M. Mackenzie, Solar Power Systems for satellites in Near-Earth Orbit, 1967.
  [6] Craig S. Clarke, Alejandro Lopez Mazarias, Power system challenges for small satellite missions, 2006.
  [7] Professor V Parameswaram, Mateen Khan M Pathan, Solar Power Satellite and microwave transmission from space to Earth for generating Electrical power.
  [8] M Maqsood and M Nauman Nasir, Wireless electricity (Power) transmission using solar-based power satellite technology, 2013
  [9] Snehamoy Dhar, R Sridhar and Varun Awasthy, Modelling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Arrays, SRM University, Chennai, 2020.
  [10] Tarak Salmi , Mounir Bouzguenda , Adel Gastli and Ahmed Masmoudi, National Engineering School of Sfax, Tunisia, 2012.

  Citation
  M. Raja, Akanksha Mahawer, Shubhangini Shrimali, Vijayalaxmi Matolia, "Modeling and Simulation of Solar Power Calculations for GOES-13 & SS-1 Satellite," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.100-103, 2020

• Open Access   Article

  Photovoltaic System Optimization Review and Approach

  Onyedikachi Vincent Okereke, Biliyok Akawu Shekari, Jonathan Dangwaran, Hussein U. Suleiman, Gokhan Koyunlu, Sadiq Thomas

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp.104-110, Jun-2020

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  Abstract
  optimization is a major contribution of modern research to decision processes. In this project, we take a good look at the photovoltaic system while shedding light on the possible ways in which we can optimize its output. The various ways that are being considered includes the reduction of heating from solar PV module, bypassing diodes to help in reducing damages and increase functionality under shading, tilt position of the module, and the usage cellulose nanocrystals (CNC?s) and other intriguing suggestions. Thereafter, practical and mathematical method employed to be able to get efficiency as desired off a solar PV system. So as more power is being wasted to heat and other factors, it is logical to mention, low efficiency creates room for more improvements.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Solar PV, Optimization, Efficiency

  References
  [1] Punch- Resolve Electricity Privatisation Crisis Published April 1, 2020
  [2] Luke Richards ? ?How long do solar modules last??, February 4, 2019
  [3] 2020Energy informative- ?What Factors Determine Solar Module Efficiency?? -June, 2013
  [4] S. Ashok- Solar Energy, Mar 21
  [5] Monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar modules: what you need to know. 12, December 2019
  [6] Ayşeg?l Taş?ioğlu- A Power Case Study for Monocrystalline and Polycrystalline Solar Modules in Bursa City, Turkey-2016
  [7] J.C. Teo- Impact of bypass diode forward voltage on maximum power of a photovoltaic system under partial shading conditions- 2019
  [8] Yongheng Yang, Ariya Sangwongwanich ?Advances in Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Conversion Systems, 2019
  [9] Wenbin Wang- Simultaneous Production Of Fresh Water And Electricity Via Multistage Solar Photovoltaic Membrane Distillation? 2019
  [10] Sameer Algburi- Design Optimization of Solar Power System with respect to Temperature and Sun Tracking, 2015
  [11] Saran Raji-Principles of solar radiation, 2017
  [12] Charles R. Landau- Optimum Tilt of Solar Modules, 2017
  [13] Kippelen- Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE), 2018
  [14] Muhammad Adil Khan- Performance Evaluation of Photovoltaic Solar System with Different Cooling Methods and a Bi-Reflector PV System (BRPVS): An Experimental Study and Comparative Analysis, 2017
  [15] Yuri G. Gurevich- Peltier Effect in Semiconductors, 2014
  [16] Meilin Liu- Graphene Supercapacitors Instead of Batteries, 2018
  [17] Didier Beloin-Saint-Pierre- Environmental Impact of PV Systems: Effects of Energy Sources Used in Production of Solar Modules, 2009
  [18] Stuart Fox- How Does Heat Affect Solar Module Efficiencies?, 2018
  [19] Henry A. Aribisala ?Improving The Efficiency Of Solar Photovoltaic Power System? 2013
  [20] Milton Kazmeyer- Future of Solar Power: Obstacles & Problems, 2018

  Citation
  Onyedikachi Vincent Okereke, Biliyok Akawu Shekari, Jonathan Dangwaran, Hussein U. Suleiman, Gokhan Koyunlu, Sadiq Thomas, "Photovoltaic System Optimization Review and Approach," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.104-110, 2020

• Open Access   Article

  Urban Water Consumption Estimation Based on Advanced GM (1, 1) Model

  Hao Wu

  Survey Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp.111-113, Jun-2020

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  Abstract
  In this paper, based on actual water consumption data in a Chinese City, we establish a grey system estimation model about urban water consumption estimation, in order to study the application of the advanced GM (1, 1) model in Chinese urban water supply and demand field. In conclusion, we found it is considered that the advanced GM (1, 1) model can be used to predict the total urban water consumption, besides, based on the comparison with actual water consumption, an accuracy test is also further employed to improve the GM (1, 1) model continuously.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Urban, Water Consumption, Estimation, Advanced GM (1, 1)

  References
  [1] GAO Wei, and FENG Xia-ting. "Study of landslide deformation prediction based on grey-evolutionary neural network." Rock and Soil Mechanics 25.4 (2004): 514-517.
  [2] Hu Zhaoyin. Grey Theory and Its Application. Diss. 2003.
  [3] H. Wu, N. Zhang, "Willingness to Pay for Carbon Reduction Against Climate Change: A Social Survey in Beijing, China," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.6, Issue.4, pp.46-50, 2020
  [4] I.O. Adewumi, "Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Reliability Analysis of Poultry Bird Production Through Nigerian Made Incubator," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.25-31, 2020
  [5] Jingquan Jing, and Jian Jian. Application of GM (1, 1) Model in Coal Demand Forecasting. Diss. 2004.
  [6] Li Yan, and Cen Huixian. Application of Iso-dimensional Grey Number Recursive Dynamic Model in Prediction of Domestic Waste Production. Diss. 2001.
  [7] Liu Yaolin, Liu Yanfang, and Zhang Yumei. "Prediction of Cultivated Land Demand Based on Grey-Markov Chain Forecasting Model." Wuhan University Journal of Information Science 29.7 (2004): 575-579.
  [8] Zhang Yajun, and Liu Quansheng. Discussion on Grey Forecast of Urban Water Demand. Diss. 2002.

  Citation
  Hao Wu, "Urban Water Consumption Estimation Based on Advanced GM (1, 1) Model," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.111-113, 2020

• Open Access   Article

  Evaluation of Differential Pressure Sticking and Stuck Pipe in Oil and Gas Drilling Technology and Its Production Operations

  Ekun S. Kayode, Oguogho Lami

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp.114-130, Jun-2020

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  The research work is to evaluate and study differential pressure sticking and stuck pipe in oil and gas drilling technology and its productions operations, using practical field operations of Nigerian petroleum Development Company as a case study. A clear attempt have been made in this research work to investigate and mitigate differential pressure sticking and stuck pipe problem experienced by the industry in the portion of their Well 9 and 10 offshore deviated well of total depth of 14,500ft and 13,500ft as compared with a deviated producing offshore well 6 of a total depth of 15,400ft and a producing onshore vertically well XI of a total depth 10,500 ft. Since the problem is monotonous, a viable pipe releasing agent (PRA) fluid and Surge method was suggested in this study in addressing this problem at the point of occurrence with an appropriate VERSA system composition fluid with other necessary reagents. A flow chart model was used in this study to simulate how this fluid can be spotted around the stuck zone, in freeing the stuck pipe from the wellbore, after soaking for 20-40 hour alongside with proper jarring mechanism the free point depth was determine with stretch method. Chart was used to evaluate well 9 & 10 with stuck pipe and their economic losses in relating with well 6 and producing well XI, depth graphs of well 9 & 10 were plotted to analyze the in-depth point of differential pressure sticking and stuck pipe zone at about 13,604ft & 11,677ft. Temperature increased with depth graph and its behavior with pressure were also plotted and analyzed.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Differential Pressure Sticking, Oil Well, Stuck Pipe, oil and gas Drilling, Spotting Fluid, Production, Temperature, pressure, OKONO & ABURA (Oil well field name)

  References
  [1] Aadnoy BS, Larsen K, Berg PC (1999). ?Analysis of Stuck Pipe in Deviated Boreholes?, paper SPE 56628 presented at the 1999 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Texas, Oct. 3-6.
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  Citation
  Ekun S. Kayode, Oguogho Lami, "Evaluation of Differential Pressure Sticking and Stuck Pipe in Oil and Gas Drilling Technology and Its Production Operations," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.114-130, 2020

• Open Access   Article

  Possibilities and Potentialities of Agricultural Informatics and Allied domains in Engineering Sciences with reference to India?An Academic Framework & Proposal

  P.K. Paul, R.R. Sinha, Anil Bhuimalli, K.S. Tiwary, Pappachan Baby, Ricardo Saavedra

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp.131-140, Jun-2020

  Abstract

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  Citation

  Abstract
  Agricultural Informatics is an interdisciplinary technological science and is responsible for information and technological solutions in agriculture and allied sectors. Agricultural Informatics is also known with other nomenclatures as well. The field is growing rapidly and thus in many countries it is considered and offered as a field of study. Agricultural Informatics is a great solution in respect of designing and development of the smarter agricultural solution. Education systems is changing worldwide, various new programs, streams, nomenclatures have started to develop in developing and undeveloped nations significantly to reach the goal. Furthermore, it is worthy to note that Agricultural Informatics as a field apart from Science degrees is started with engineering streams with BTech and MTech degrees. However it is important to note that Engineering Degrees are not offered in all countries. In India and inits follower countries this is available significantly. In India Agricultural Informatics is already started with Engineering Degrees whereas internationally most of the universities not yet switched to Agricultural Informatics with BTech and MTech etc. The significance with the Agricultural Informatics in developing agricultural systems has developed effectively. There are great potentialities with Agricultural Informatics in other engineering degrees as well in the context of IT and Computing related subjects. This paper has provided a brief overview on Agricultural Informatics with its evolution and emerging importance. Paper is also focused on the proposed engineering degrees with the specializations of the Agricultural Informatics and allied nomenclature. As Agricultural Informatics is a branch of Information Science and thus here an MTech-Information Science with Agricultural Informatics specialization has been proposed to provide wider benefits to the students and researchers and future of Agricultural Informatics practice.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Agricultural Informatics, IT education, Engineering Degrees, ICT4D, Smart Agriculture, MTech, Emerging Degrees

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  Citation
  P.K. Paul, R.R. Sinha, Anil Bhuimalli, K.S. Tiwary, Pappachan Baby, Ricardo Saavedra, "Possibilities and Potentialities of Agricultural Informatics and Allied domains in Engineering Sciences with reference to India?An Academic Framework & Proposal," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.2, pp.131-140, 2020