Volume-6 , Issue-1 , Oct 2019, ISSN 2348-635X Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  Shape Amelioration of Hydrofoils to Maximize Lift and Minimize Drag

  Sayan Saha, Mainak Lodh, Sayani Sen

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp.1-6, Oct-2019

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  This paper presents numerical study of water flow over 3D symmetrical and unsymmetrical hydrofoils. Steady flow of water around the hydrofoils is simulated using the k-ε transport equation-based model. The results focus on variation in lift and drag forces as an aftermath of shape variation, profile of the foil, angle of attack and velocity of water flow around it. The foils were tested at different angles of attack and different velocities of flow. Standard k-ɛ model without any modifications were used for simplicity. This was done to ascertain the most efficient foil shape which generates sufficient lift force while producing as little drag force as possible. After determining the most efficient shape, the power required to operate these foils on a boat was also calculated so as to get an idea of the reduction of required power

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Hydrofoil, Lift force, Drag force, Numerical study, CFD

  References
  [1] Antoine Ducoin1 Biao Huang2 and Yin Lu Young1, “Numerical Modelling of unsteady cavitating flows around a stationary hydrofoil”, International Journal of Rotating Machinery, Volume 2012, Article ID 215678, pp-17. doi:10.1155/2012/215678
  [2] Omer Kemal Kinaci, “A numerical parametric study on hydrofoil interaction in tandem”, International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Volume 7, Issue 1, pp 25-40, January 2015.
  [3] Carlo Negrato1, Thomas Lloyd1, Tom Van Terwisga2, Guilherme Vaz2, Rickard Bensow*, “Numerical study of cavitation on a NACA0015 Hydrofoil: Solution Verification”, VII International Conference on Computational Methods in Marine Engineering, France, MARINE 2017.
  [4] J. A. Szantyr, R. Biernacki, P. Flaszyński, P. Dymarski, M. Kraskowski, M.Sc.”An experimental and numerical study of the vortices generated by hydrofoils”, POLISH MARITIME RESEARCH 3(61) Vol 16; pp. 11-17, 2009 doi:10.2478/v10012-008-0027-3.
  [5] Sarraf, Christophe and Djeridi, Henda and Prothin, Sebastien and Billard, Jean-Yves Thickness effect of Naca foils on hydrodynamic global parameters, boundary layer states and stall establishment. Journal of Fluids and Structures, Vol. 26 pp. 559-578, 2010, ISSN 0889-9746.
  [6] Teguh Putranto1 and Aries Sulisetyono2, “Lift-Drag Coefficient and Form Factor Analyses of Hydrofoil due to The Shape and Angle of Attack”, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research Vol. 12, pp. 11152-11156, Number 21 (2017) ISSN 0973-4562
  [7] Andrun, Martina & Šarić, Božidar & Basic, Josip & Blagojević, Branko, “CFD Analysis of Surface-Piercing Hydrofoil Ventilation Inception”, Article Id-308948321, XXII Theory and Practice of Shipbuilding, At Trogir, Croatia 2016.
  [8] Font, D., Tresanchez, M., Siegenthaler, C., Teixido, T., Palleja, T., Pradalier, Cédric, Palacin, J., “Experimental determination of the hydrofoil’s angle of attack in the case of a turtle-like Autonomous Underwater Vehicle”, IEEE Spain oceans, pp 1 – 5, 2011.
  [9] Qin Wu, Biao Huang, Guoyu Wang, “Numerical simulation of transient flows around a 3D pitching hydrofoil”, Advances in Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 7, issue 2, November 2014, doi: 10.1155/2014/808034.
  [10] Reichel, Maciej & BEDNAREK, A,”The experimental studies on hydrofoil resistance” Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering. Vol 7 pp 167–175. doi:10.1016/S1644-9665(12)60024-7, 2007.
  

  Citation
  Sayan Saha, Mainak Lodh, Sayani Sen, "Shape Amelioration of Hydrofoils to Maximize Lift and Minimize Drag," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.1, pp.1-6, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Multivariate Geomorphometric Approach to Prioritize Erosion Prone Watershed of Upper Cauvery Karnataka

  Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp.7-17, Oct-2019

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  Prioritization of watershed has Grabbed up significance in watershed management. Morphometic investigation is been usually applied to organize the watershed. In the present study upper cauvery of Karnataka with an area of 10874.65 km2 and highest order stream of 8 was considered. The area was divided into Eight Watersheds. Various morphometric parameters namely Bifurcation ratio(Rb), Drainage density (Dd), Stream frequency(Ns), Texture ratio(T), Form factor(Rf), Circularity ratio(Rc), Elongation Ratio(Re), length of overland flow, shape factor(Bs), compactness ratio (Cc) has been determined for each watershed and allotted position on premise of relationship as to arrive at a Compound value for final ranking of watershed. The morphometric parameters ranges between Rb (3.416-5.0442), Dd (1.377-1.463), Ns (1.397-1.579), T (5.235-8.540), Rf (0.233-1.082), Rc (0.179-0.447), Re (0.545-1.173), Cc (1.496-2.365), Lof (0.341-0.363), and Bs (0.924-4.284). It is found that the 38.83 % of area falls under high priority category where as 42.12% of area falls under this Medium category and 19.05% of the area falls under low catergory

  Key-Words / Index Term
  GIS, DEM, Morphometric analysis, Watershed, Priority, Compound Factor

  References
  [1] Horton R.E.(1945). Erosional Development of streams and their drainage basins, Hydro physical approach to quantitative morphology. Geological Society of American Bulletin. 56: 275-370.
  [2] Horton,R.E.(1932).Drainage Basin Characteristics. Transfixions of Am.Geophysics.Union, 13:350
  [3] Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla “Prioritization Of Subwatersheds of Cauvery Region Based on Morphometric Analysis Using GIS”, International Journal for Research in Engineering Application & Management (IJREAM), Volume: 05 Issue: 01, April -2019.
  [4] Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla “Modelling of Short Duration Isopluvial Map For Raichur District Karnataka”, International Journal for Science and Advance Research in Technology (IJSART), Volume: 05 Issue: 4, April -2019.
  [5] Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, and M .Inayathulla. "Morphometry, Hypsometry Analysis and Runoff Estimation of Aam Talab Watershed Raichur, Karnataka" International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative
  Ideas In Education Volume 5 Issue 3 2019 Page 1713-1727 [6] Strahler.A.N(1964) : Quantitative geomorphology of drainage basin sand channel networks, section 4II, in: Handbook of Applied Hydrology, edited by V.T.Chow, Mc GrawHill:439
  [7] Vijith, H and Sateesh, R. (2006). GIS based morphometric analysis of two major upland Sub-watershed of Meenachil river in Kerala. Journal of Indian society of Remote Sensing. 34(2): 181-185.
  

  Citation
  Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla, "Multivariate Geomorphometric Approach to Prioritize Erosion Prone Watershed of Upper Cauvery Karnataka," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.1, pp.7-17, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Fabrication, Testing and Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of S-Glass Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composites

  Suman B., Tejas S., Manish Bhoomkar M.S. , Nayana B.R., Sandip M.S.

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp.18-25, Oct-2019

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  Due to increasing demand and widespread application of fiber reinforced polymer composites, they have been used in a variety of application like aerospace, automotive, sports, ships and constructional work. Because of their several advantages such as relatively low cost of production light weight, easy to fabricate and superior strength to weight ratio. In the present study, Mechanical behavior of the S-glass/epoxy composites with fiber orientation [0/90°] was investigated incorporating graphite filler within the common matrix of epoxy resin. Composite specimens for tensile, hardness, impact and flexural tests were prepared and tested according to ASTM standards with graphite filler of 5 and 7 wt.%. Graphite, a particulate refractory filler (relatively coarse) was used. Finally, the properties of S-glass/epoxy composite without filler was also compared with the filler included composite

  Key-Words / Index Term
  S-glass/epoxy composites, Mechanical Behavior, Graphite Filler, Fiber orientation Angle

  References
  [1] Peters, “Handbook of Composites”,Chapman and Hall Publication, London, S.T. 1998
  [2] Subita Bhagat, Pardeep Kumar Verma, “Effect of Graphite Filler on Mechanical Behavior of Epoxy Composites” , ISO 9001:2008, Vol. 3, Issue 2, ISSN 2250-2459, 2013.
  [3] K. Devendra, T. Rangaswamy. “Strength Characterization of E-glass
  Fiber reinforced Epoxy Composites with Filler Materials”, 2013
  [4] Ömer Yavuz Bozkurt, Mehmet Bulut, Ahmet Erkliğ, Waleed Ahmed
  Faydh, “Axial and lateral buckling analysis of fiber reinforced S- glass/epoxy composites containing Nano-clay particles”, JCOMB6013, Vol. 18, Issue 4, S1359-836832253, 2018
  [5] Sikandar Yadav, MD. Zyaoul Haque, Sunil Kumar, Sandeep,
  “Mechanical and Sliding Wear Behavior of E-GLASS Fiber Reinforced with Epoxy Composites”, e-ISSN: 2395 -0056, Vol 03, Issue 05, 2016.
  [6] M. Sudheer, K. Hemanth, K. Raju, Thirumaleshwara Bhat, “Enhanced
  Mechanical and wear performance of Epoxy/glass Composites with PTW/Graphite Hybrid Fillers”, PMC 6975-987, 2014
  [7] Mohamad Alsaadi, Ahmet Erkliğ, “Effect of perlite particle contents
  on delamination toughness of S-glass fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composites”, S1359-836831732, Vol.16, Issue 02, DOI 10.1016, 2017
  [8] Saravana Kumar, G. Vinoth Kumar, C. Vinoth Kumar, M. Prabhu,
  “Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Behavior of E-Glass and S-Glass Fiber Reinforced with Polyester Resin”, ISSN 2348-8360, Vol 05, Issue 05, 2018
  

  Citation
  Suman B., Tejas S., Manish Bhoomkar M.S. , Nayana B.R., Sandip M.S., "Fabrication, Testing and Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of S-Glass Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composites," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.1, pp.18-25, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Assesment of the Intensity Duration Frequency Curves for Storms in Upper Cauvery Karnataka Based on Pearson Type III Extreme Value

  Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp.26-46, Oct-2019

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  Abstract
  Engineering infrastructures such as storm water drains and bridges are commonly designed using the concept of Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves, which assume that the occurrence of precipitation patterns and distributions are spatially similar within the drainage area and remain unchanged throughout the lifespan of the infrastructures (stationary). Based on the premise that climate change will alter the spatial and temporal variability of precipitation patterns, inaccuracy in the estimation of IDF curves may occur. As such, prior to developing IDF curves, it is crucial to analyse trends of annual precipitation maxima. The objective of this study was to estimate the precipitation intensities and their uncertainties (lower and upper limits) for durations of 5min, 10min, 15min, 30min, 60min,120min, 720min and 1440min and return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 years in the Upper Cauvery Karnataka India using Pearson type III Values . The annual precipitation maxima were extracted from long-term (1995–2017) precipitation data for Forty Three meteorological stations sourced from the Water resources Development Organization Karnataka. On average, the estimated extreme precipitation intensities for the Study area ranged from 5.1 mm/h for 24 h storm duration to 226.01 mm/h for 5min at 100 years return period. At 50 year return period, the intensity ranged from 5.2 mm/h for 24h duration to 225 mm/h for the duration of 5min

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Climate change, Intensity Duration Frequency (IDF), Pearson Type III Distribution, Rainfall Duration

  References
  [1]. Bell F. C., 1969, “Generalized rainfall-duration-frequency relationship”, ASCE J. Hydraulic Eng., 95, 311–327.
  [2]. Bernard, M. M., (1932), “Formulas for rainfall intensities of long durations”. Trans. ASCE 6:592 - 624.
  [3]. Bhaskar, N. R.; Parida, B. P.; Nayak, A. K. 1997. Flood Estimation for Ungauged Catchments Using the GIUH. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management., ASCE 123(4): 228-238.
  [4]. Chow V.T., D.R. Maidment and L.W.Mays, 1988, “Applied Hydrology”, McGraw- Hill, Chapter 10 – Probability, Risk and Uncertainty Analysis for Hydrologic and Hydraulic Design: 361 – 398.
  [5]. M. M. Rashid, 1 S. B. Faruque and 2 J. B. Alam 2012, “Modeling of Short Duration Rainfall Intensity Duration Frequency (SDRIDF) Equation for Sylhet City in Bangladesh.
  [6]. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla “Generation Of Intensity Duration Frequency Curves For Different Return Period Using Short Duration Rainfall For Manvi Taluk Raichur District Karnataka”, International Research Journal of Engineering and Management Studies (IRJEMS), Volume: 03 Issue: 04 | April -2019.
  [7]. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla “Prioritization Of Subwatersheds of Cauvery Region Based on Morphometric Analysis Using GIS”, International Journal for Research in Engineering Application & Management (IJREAM), Volume: 05 Issue: 01, April -2019. 4.
  [8]. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla “Modelling of Short Duration Isopluvial Map For Raichur District Karnataka”, International Journal for Science and Advance Research in Technology (IJSART), Volume: 05 Issue: 4, April -2019.
  [9]. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla, "Rainfall Analysis for Modelling of IDF Curves for Bangalore Rural, Karnataka", International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.5, Issue.8, pp.114-132, 2019
  [10]. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, and M Inayathulla. "Generation of Short Duration Isohyetal Maps For Raichur District Karnataka" International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education Volume 5 Issue 2 2019 Page 3234-3242
  [11]. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, and M Inayathulla. " Derivation Of Intensity Duration Frequency Curves Using Short Duration Rainfall For Yermarus Raingauge Station Raichur District Karnataka" International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology Volume 6 Issue 2 July 2019 Page 1-7
  [12]. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, Chalapathi K and M Inayathulla. " Geomorphological Analysis of Two Mini-Watersheds in Raichur City Karnataka" International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume 6 Issue 6 June 2019 Page 2896-2901
  

  Citation
  Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla, "Assesment of the Intensity Duration Frequency Curves for Storms in Upper Cauvery Karnataka Based on Pearson Type III Extreme Value," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.1, pp.26-46, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Plants Extract for Corrosion Control of Mild Steel in Acidic Medium

  H.S. Gaya, S.A.A. Shawai, G.A. Yusuf, I.H. Abubakar

  Review Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp.47-51, Oct-2019

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  Abstract
  Corrosion control of metals is of technical, economical, environmental and aesthetical importance. The use of inhibitors from plant extract is one of the best option of protecting metals and alloys against corrosion as it is environmentally acceptable, readily available and renewable. This review paper exposed the use of some of the commonly available extracts, in addition to showing how hybridization of plant extract can enhance performance in the prevention of corrosion

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Acids, corrosion, extract, inhibitors, plants

  References
  [1] V. Sharma, “Green inhibitors (plants extracts) for corrosion protection of mild steel in different acidic conditions: An overview” International Journal of Research, Vol. 7, Issue IV, 1142-1152, 2018.
  [2] M. Chigondo, F. Chigondo, “Recent natural corrosion inhibitors for Mild steel: An overview” Journal of chemistry, Vol. 2016, pp. 7, 2016.
  [3] N. N. Rekha, “Green Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Acidic Medium” International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research, Vol. 04, Issue 12, 2017.
  [4] P.B. Raja, M. G. Sethuraman “Inhibition of corrosion of mild steel in sulphuric acid medium by Calotropis procera” Pigm. Resin. Technol., Vol. 38, pp. 33-37, 2009.
  [5] B. E. A. Rani, B. B. J. Basu, “Green Inhibitors for Corrosion Protection of Metals and Alloys: An Overview” International Journal of Corrosion, Vol. 2012, pp. 15, 2012.
  [6] F. M. Mahgoub, A. Hefnawy, M. El-Shnawie, A. Esmaiel, “Preparation and Characterization of an Emulsion Paint Based on Arghel Extract as an Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor" Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 786, pp. 149-158, 2018.
  [7] Y. Yetri, G. Emriadi, N. Jamarun, “Theobroma cacao Peel Extract as the Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel, Corrosion Inhibitors, Principles and Recent Applications” Mahmood Aliofkhazraei, IntechOpen, 2018.
  [8] I. S. Aji, Y. P. Zadva, M. J. Madu, “Hybridization of Plant Extracts for Corrosion Prevention of Mild Steel” International Journal of Emerging Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp. 119-127, 2016.
  [9] V. Prathipa, A. S. Raja, “A Review on the Assessment of Amino Acids Used As Corrosion Inhibitor of Metals and Alloys” Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences, Vol. 5, Issue 2, 1585-1619, 2015.
  [10] P. R. Jayakumar, V. D. J. Kaleekal, R. Sreekumar, K. P. Mohan, “Investigation on the Effect of Green Inhibitors for Corrosion Protection of Mild Steel in 1 M NaOH Solution” International Journal of Corrosion, Vol. 2014, pp. 5, 2014.
  [11] D. E. Arthur, A. Jonathan, P. O. Ameh, C. Anya, “A review on the assessment of polymeric materials used as corrosion inhibitor of metals and alloys” International Journal of Industrial Chemistry, Vol. 4, Issue 2, 2013.
  [12] I. Adejoro, F. Ojo, S. Obafemi, “Corrosion inhibition potentials of ampicillin for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution” Journal of Taibah University for Science, Vol. 9, Issue 2, pp. 196–202, 2015.
  [13] N. Patni, S. Agarwal, P. Shah, “Greener Approach towards Corrosion Inhibition,” Chinese Journal of Engineering, Vol. 2013, pp. 10, 2013.
  [14] N. O. Eddy, U. J. Ibok, E. E. Ebenso, “Adsorption, synergistic inhibitive effect and quantum chemical studies on ampicillin and halides for the corrosion of mild Steel” Journal of Applied Electrochemical, 2009.
  [15] P. Roy, P. Karfa, U. Adhikari, D. Sukul, “Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in acidic medium by polyacrylamide grafted Guar gum with various grafting percentage: effect of intramolecular synergism” Corrosion Science, Vol. 88, pp. 246–253, 2014.
  [16] M. Yadav, L. Gope, N. Kumari, P. Yadav, “Corrosion inhibition performance of pyranopyrazole derivatives for mild steel in HCl solution: gravimetric, electrochemical and DFT studies,” Journal of Molecular Liquids, Vol. 216, pp. 78–86, 2016.
  [17] L. E. Yahaya, S. O. A. Royeun, S. O. Ogunwolu, C. O. Jayeola, R. O. Igbinadolor, “Green and Black Tea (Camellia sinensis) Extracts as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Acid Medium” American-Eurasian Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 17, Issue 4, 273-279, 2017.
  [18] C. A. Loto, R. T. Loto, A. P. Popoola, “Inhibition Effect of Extracts of Carica Papaya and Camellia Sinensis Leaves on the Corrosion of Duplex (α β) Brass in 1M Nitric acid” International Journal of Electrochemical Science, Vol. 6, 4900 – 4914, 2011.
  [19] C. A. Loto, “Inhibition effect of Tea (Camellia Sinensis) extract on the corrosion of mild steel in dilute sulphuric acid” Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, Vol. 2, Issue 4, pp. 335-344, 2011.
  [20] G. O. Olabode, A. A. Olugbenga, O. T. Sanya, “Inhibitive potential of Datura stramonium leaf extract on the corrosion behavior of mild steel in 1M HCl acidic solution” Leonardo Journal of Sciences, Vol. 32, pp. 76-92, 2018.
  [21] B. Raja M. G. Sethuraman, “Studies on the inhibitive effect of Datura stramonium extract on the acid corrosion of mild steel” Surface Review and Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 6, pp. 1157-1164, 2007.
  [22] S. A. Adzor, B. O. Udoye, “Corrosion inhibitive effects of coconut (Cocos nucifera linn) water for mild steel in acidic medium” European Journal of Material Sciences, Vol. 3, Issue 2, pp.1-12, 2016.
  [23] P. R. Vijayalakshmi, R. Rajalakshmi, S. Subhashini, “Corrosion Inhibition of Aqueous Extract of Cocos nucifera Coconut Palm - Petiole Extract from Destructive Distillation for the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Acidic Medium” Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 29, Issue 1, pp. 9-21, 2011.
  [24] J. K. Odusote, D. O. Owalude, S. J. Olusegun, R. A. Yahya, “Inhibition Efficiency of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract on the Corrosion of Reinforced Steel Bar in HCl Solution” The West Indian Journal of Engineering Vol. 38, Issue 2, pp. 64-70, 2016.
  [25] J. A. Selvi, P. Kamaraj, M. Arthanareeswari, Aminu Dabo, “Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in Acid Medium by Moringa Oleifera and Lettucia Edibelia Extracts” International Journal of Advanced Chemical Science and Applications, Vol. 3, Issue 4, 12-14, 2015.
  [26] H. A. Onwumelu, C. C. Aralu, C. I. Egwuatu, “Inhibition of Mild Steel Corrosion in HCl Solution by Gongronema latifolium Methanol Extract” IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry, Vol. 11, Issue 11, pp 35-44, 2018.
  [27] O. Osita, O. Ignatius, A. Chukwuemeka, “The Inhibitive Effect of Gnetum Africanum, Gongronema Latifolium and Chromolena Odaratum Extracts on Corrosion of Stainless Steel in 1 M HCl and H2SO4 Solutions” International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, Vol. 66, pp 25-37, 2016.
  [28] Pavithra M. Krishnegowda, V. T. Venkatesha, P. K. M. Krishnegowda, S. B. Shivayogiraju, “Acalypha torta Leaf Extract as Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution” Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 52, pp. 722−728, 2012.
  [29] A. S. Yaro, K. F. Talib, “Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel by Curcuma Extract in Petroleum Refinery Wastewater” Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Vol. 15 Issue 3, pp. 9-18, 2014.
  [30] I. Ali, J. Yisa, J. O. Jacob, “The Potential of Centrosema pubescens leaf extract in the control of corrosion of mild steel in acidic medium” FUW Trends in Science and Technology Journal, Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp. 284 – 289, 2019.
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  Citation
  H.S. Gaya, S.A.A. Shawai, G.A. Yusuf, I.H. Abubakar, "Plants Extract for Corrosion Control of Mild Steel in Acidic Medium," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.1, pp.47-51, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Web Security: An Overview and Current Trend

  P. K. Paul, P. S. Aithal

  Review Paper | Journal-Paper (WAJES)

  Vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp.52-54, Oct-2019

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  Abstract
  Websites are the mirrors ofthe modern IT Age. It is very difficult to find out the areas and sectors where Websites are not using. Initially, only big organizations and multinational companies being uses websites but gradually small organizations and institutions and individuals are also having websites of different kinds and purposes. It is (Website) the collection of resources of different network web resources viz. multimedia, contents, etc and published in one or more servers. In websites domain names, IP addresses are a very important concern. There may be different kinds of websites viz. static, dynamic and in all these abilities to keep a large amount of data. In the recent past, websites increased radically. Due to the wide uses and number of websites, today a huge amount of data stored into the systems and thus their security also becomes an important concerned. Thus, the concept of Web Security or Web Application Security has emerged. Today it is an important concern of Information Technology Security. Web Security is the affairs of security related to the websites, web services and web based applications as a whole. This paper is a kind of review and trend analysis of website and web security. Paper described the basics of web security, the reasons/ threats including various defending mechanism as well. Paper highlighted the challenges and issues as well in a simple context

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Web Security, IT Security, Web Portal, Information Security, Information Services, Emerging Services

  References
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  [17] Stein, Lincoln D. "Web security." Addison-Wesley, Massachusetts 26 (1998): 1-4.
  

  Citation
  P. K. Paul, P. S. Aithal, "Web Security: An Overview and Current Trend," World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.1, pp.52-54, 2019