Methods of Evacuating People from Buildings During a Fire: A Review

Solijonov Muhammaddiyor¹

Section:Review Paper, Product Type: Journal-Paper
Vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp.15-20, Dec-2023

Online published on Dec 31, 2023

Copyright © Solijonov Muhammaddiyor . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 

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Abstract :
Fires in buildings can rapidly spread and endanger occupants if evacuation is not timely and orderly. This review summarizes current best practices and recent innovations in evacuation methods aimed at safely and efficiently evacuating people from buildings during a fire event. Methods discussed include fire drills, alarm systems, exit signage, emergency lighting, stairwell design, zoned egress, computer models and simulations, as well as emerging technologies like intelligent evacuation systems. Challenges such as smoke control, disabled occupants, and human behavior factors are also examined. Key findings show that a holistic approach combining passive and active systems tailored to building characteristics yields the best evacuation outcomes. Further research into integrated smart evacuation technologies and standardized metrics for evaluating egress methods would enhance occupant safety. Successful building evacuation requires ongoing training of occupants, adherence to fire codes, and vigilant maintenance of egress systems.

Key-Words / Index Term :
evacuation strategies, fire emergencies, building safety, emergency exits, building design, human behavior, communication systems, early warning systems, fire suppression systems, occupant tracking, virtual reality simulations, public education, vulnerable populations, emergency responders, fire safety measures, property damage.

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