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Open Access Article
Focus on Polydatin Interaction with Sirtuins Family: a Comparative Computational Analysis
Ivan Vito Ferrari, Alex De Gregorio, Maria Pia Fuggetta, Giampietro Ravagnan, Wafa Ali, Fulvio Perrella, Federico Coppola, Mauro Di Mario, Paolo Patrizio, Mohnad Abdalla
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.1-8, Jun-2023
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs), a family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases, are involved in the regulation of physiological functions such as aging and inflammation. They are able to catalyze metabolic reactions, thus regulating several cellular processes, such as energy metabolism, stress response, cell survival and apoptosis, DNA repair, tissue regeneration and neuronal signaling. The present article examines the interaction of three polyphenols, as Resveratrol, Polydatin and Curcumin, with Sirtuins family. The data obtained through a computational analysis, by Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics approaches, shows that these natural compounds are able to bind the active site of Sirtuins involved in numerous biochemical signaling. Moreover, the results highlight that Polydatin bind all the considered SIRT proteins showing an excellent docking capability in terms of Binding Energies scores and estimation of Inhibition Constant Ki. Moreover, by the study of Dynamic Simulation (RMSF, RMSD, protein-ligand interactions, timeline simulation in the range of 100 ns) and Repeatability Docking tests, Polydatin appear more stable than Curcumin when binds SIRT-3 rather than SIRT-5 protein.Key-Words / Index Term
Polydatin, Curcumin, Docking analysis and Sirtuins proteinsReferences
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Ivan Vito Ferrari, Alex De Gregorio, Maria Pia Fuggetta, Giampietro Ravagnan, Wafa Ali, Fulvio Perrella, Federico Coppola, Mauro Di Mario, Paolo Patrizio, Mohnad Abdalla, "Focus on Polydatin Interaction with Sirtuins Family: a Comparative Computational Analysis," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.1-8, 2023 -
Open Access Article
Yuzo Iano, Daniel Katz Bonello, Umberto Bonello Neto
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.9-20, Jun-2023
Abstract
Biomedical engineering is the link between engineering health sciences, and society. In this way, the biomedical engineer works in the development maintenance and assembly of equipment and programs to carry out diagnoses and treatments carried out by health professionals, such as: physicians, biomedical engineers, and dentists. In addition, can also manage the area of equipment purchases and develop scientific research on biomedical materials and instruments. Among the places where this professional works are: hospitals, medical clinics, health centers, pharmaceutical and clinical analysis laboratories, companies specialized in hospital maintenance and research centers. Therefore, the aim of this article is to propose a quantitative analysis of eukaryotic protist cells using image processing with a microscopy – Epson Perfection V750 and MATLAB-R2020 image analysis code. Thus, as results, were obtained a dataset of 14 eukaryotic detected cells samples using the MATLAB-R2020, and then a measurement pattern was utilized to quantify these 14 patterns, according the following premises: the sample number (from “sample 1” to “sample 14”); number of detected circles in eukaryotic cells images; sensitivity position of detection; edge threshold position; utilized method (phase code); object polarity (bright); and radius range (from 10µm to 30µm). As final results, the maximum numbers of detected circles were 287, and the minimum number of detected circles was 1 detection: utilizing a threshold of 0.3. Now utilizing a threshold form 0.2 to 0.94 (percentage difference of 370%), the maximum number of detected circles were 218 elements and the minimum number of detected circles were 7 elements (percentage difference about 3,000%). In conclusion, this experiment has obtained a better detection of circular elements in eukaryotic protist cells when the sensitivity position is seted at 0.99 and the edge threshold position is about 0.3: within phase code method, bright object polarity and radius range between 10µm and 30µm. These values were obtained using MATLAB-R2020.Key-Words / Index Term
Eukaryotic cells, MATLAB, image processing, pattern recognition, quantitative analysis, spectrometry.References
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Yuzo Iano, Daniel Katz Bonello, Umberto Bonello Neto, "Quantitative Analysis of Eukaryotic Protist Cells Using Image Processing with Epson Perfection V750 Pro & MATLAB," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.9-20, 2023 -
Open Access Article
M.T. Mahamane Salissou, T. Shumba, A.R. Mahaman Yacoubou, S. Makengo Olivier
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.21-28, Jun-2023
Abstract
Hypertension and chronic kidney disorders (CKD) are key public health burdens in Zimbabwe .In this study we evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of CKD in hypertensive patients attended at Victoria Chitepo Provincial Hospital in Mutare from July to October 2022.This was an analytical cross sectional study which investigated in a retrospective manner the medical records of patients with hypertension to determine those who developed CKD. The clinical characteristics and GFR were used to determine the stage of CKD. Random sampling method was used to choose 220 participants from the biochemistry results book to get Urea and electrolytes test results, age, race, gender, location of residence, whether patient had diabetes mellitus and on any antihypertensive medication .Out of 220 cases 71 (32.3%) had developed CKD at different stages as follow : 16.9% in stage 1, 22.5% in stage 2, 49.3% in stage 3, 7.1% in stage 4 and 4.2% were in stage 5. Furthermore 39 (55%) were female and 32 (45%) male. 11(15.5%) participants were below 30 years old, 23 (32.4%) were between the ages of 30 and 50 and 37 (52.1%) participants were over 50 years old. Of the 71 participants, 100% were all black. About 28 cases (39.4%) of the participants also had Diabetes Mellitus. 23 (32.4%) participants were not on any antihypertensive drugs. 22.5% were from the rural areas, 32.4% were from semi-urban areas and 45.1% were from urban areas. Risk factors analysis indicated statistical significance between Hypertension induced CKD with regards to gender OR 1.96 CI (1.09- 3.51), P=0.023, History of diabetes mellitus OR 2.58 CI (1.38-4.81), P= 0.0024, History of antihypertensive medication OR 0.46, CI (0.24-0.88), P= 0.018.There is high burden of CKD among patients with hypertension in this study. Gender, Increasing age, Race, diabetes mellitus and use of antihypertensive drugs and location of residence are significantly associated with CKD in hypertensive patients.Key-Words / Index Term
Hypertension, Prevalence, chronic, kidney disease, risk factors, Hospital.References
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Open Access Article
Ameer M. Taha, Nazhan M. Ahmed
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.29-33, Jun-2023
Abstract
The current study was conducted to identify the changes in body weight as well as the weight of the liver and kidneys caused by acute and chronic exposure to Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) of Japanese quail Coturnix coturnix japonica. The current study used (75) quail birds, the birds were divided randomly into five groups in each group 15 birds, the first group is the control group that was dosed with 0.5 ml of distilled water for thirty days. The second experimental group was dosed with TiO2NPs at a concentration of 5 mg/kg for thirty days. While the third experimental group was dosed with TiO2NPs at a concentration of 10 mg/kg for thirty days. While the fourth experimental group was dosed with TiO2NPs at a concentration of 20 mg/kg for four days only. The fifth experimental group, which was dosed with TiO2NPs at a concentration of 40 mg/kg for four days only. The birds were weighed before the start of the experiment, then weighing and necropsy were carried out after 4, 14, 30, and 60 days from the start of the experiment. The statistical results showed significant differences in the body weights of quail birds between the control group and the experimental groups, and the second experimental group had a higher weight than the rest of the experimental groups two months after the start of the experiment. Also, significant differences appeared in the weights of the kidneys and liver between the different groups, as all the birds of the experimental groups were less in weight in most periods than the control group. The highest weight of the liver with a significant difference was in the fifth experimental group, two months after the start of the experiment. And the highest weight of the kidney in the same group and for the same period from the start of the experiment.Key-Words / Index Term
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles; Japanese quail; TiO2NPs; Liver; Kidney.References
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Ameer M. Taha, Nazhan M. Ahmed, "Effect of Acute and Chronic exposure to Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on the weight of body and some organs of Japanese quail," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.29-33, 2023 -
Open Access Article
The role of SARS-COV-2 -Main Protease: the case of Gepants family and Veruprevir
Ivan Vito Ferrari, Paolo Patrizio, Mauro Di Mario, Blasco Morozzo della Rocca
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.34-40, Jun-2023
Abstract
In this study, our approach was to conduct a complete investigation of molecular docking analysis with the major SARS-CoV-2 proteins and SARS CoV-1 proteins. We analyzed more than 6000 drugs, downloaded by the Pubchem database. Particular attention, we have focused on 3CLpro Covid-19 protein, by “Blind docking” method and “Selective docking” procedure, in Ligand Binding site, with Autodock Vina using Pyrx, a small Virtual Screen Library, and with Autodock 4 using AMDock Software. We have selected about 30 drugs with a high-affinity Binding score (between- 9.7 and-12 kcal/mol) from our results. Next, carrying out docking Validation methods, using Human Serum Albumin, as a docking control protein, has led us to select only the three best drugs (Ubrogepant, Atogepant, and Paritaprevir), potentially active in the Ligand Binding site pocket of 3CL-pro SARS-CoV-2 protein. Ubrogepant and Atogepant, have Ki values around, 20 -25 nM and Binding Energy of approximately -10 kcal/mol, except for Paritaprevir which reports exceptional Ki values of approximately 1nM and Binding Energy of approximately - 12.5 kcal/mol. This has led us to conclude, that they could be excellent candidates against SARS-COV-2, even though further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed.Key-Words / Index Term
SARS-CoV-2, Docking analysis and GepantsReferences
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Ivan Vito Ferrari, Paolo Patrizio, Mauro Di Mario, Blasco Morozzo della Rocca, "The role of SARS-COV-2 -Main Protease: the case of Gepants family and Veruprevir," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.34-40, 2023 -
Open Access Article
Apuu V.K., Igho-Osagie U.P.
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.41-46, Jun-2023
Abstract
the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants is fast disappearing as a consequence of modernization. This survey aimed at documenting indigenous plants used for the treatment of anthelmintic infections in the Benue South geopolitical zone of Benue State, Nigeria. Plant samples were collected from the field from twenty different locations including Otobi, Allan, Otukpo town central, Adoka-icho, Ochobo, Agadagba, Onyangede, Atilo, Ugbokolo, Ichama, Eke, Okpoga, Igumale, Utonkon, Agila, Ulayi Odiapa, Orihi, Obarike-Ito, and Obeko. The survey was carried out with the use of well-thought-out questionnaires in order to gather records on the plants usage as anthelminthic from traditional healers, herbalists, elders, and indigenous people. Collected plant samples were appropriately identified following standard protocols. Eighteen (18) plant species were collected, of which Carica papaya and Musa parasidiaca had the highest occurrence of (9%) while Albizia lebbeck, Urtica dioca, and Ficus exasperata had the least occurrence of (2.7%). Fabaceae and Rutaceae were the most represented plant families (11.1%). Among the different methods of preparation, Decoction (60%) had the highest occurrences whereas Squeezing (4%) had the least. On plant parts used, leaves (69.20 %) had the highest frequency of use while Fruits (7.7%) had the least. Based on findings from this study, Benue South geo-political zone has a great diversity of plants which are used for the management of Helminthic Infections. The study recommended that further research be carried out on the identified plant species to determine their efficacy and active biochemical compounds.Key-Words / Index Term
Medicinal Plants, Anthelminthic, Infection, Helminths, Ethnobotany, Benue SouthReferences
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Apuu V.K., Igho-Osagie U.P., "Survey of Indigenous Plants Used as Anthelminthic in Benue South Geopolitical Zone of Benue State, Nigeria," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.41-46, 2023 -
Open Access Article
Ferissa B. Ablola
Review Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.47-52, Jun-2023
Abstract
Disturbances are specific events in time that directs changes in resources or alters the physical environment of an ecosystem and, thus, influence community framework and composition. In this systematic review, the impacts of these natural events in the diversity, resistance, resilience and individual unit of the microbial community were synthesized. A comprehensive search following the PRISMA guidelines and eligibility criteria was used to ensure relevance and accuracy of the review. A total of twenty (20) articles were included in this systematic review with eight (8) articles describing the effects of natural disturbance in microbial community in an uncontrolled setting while, the twelve (12) other articles illustrate the influence of simulated disturbance. Four of the most characterized natural disturbance affecting microbial community are volcanic eruption, flooding, pulse/ shock and water column mixing. The conducted statistical analysis (Pearson correlation) revealed that there is a strong correlation (r = 0.97) between the emergence of pioneer organism with the expected inhabitants of the disturbed area. A community can respond to disturbances in different ways regarding composition and function. It can be considered as resistant, that can withstand disturbances without any change or can be tagged as resilient. Overall, the cited studies in this review exemplified the positive impacts of episodic natural disturbances in the ecosystem. Studies showed that these phenomena mediated microbial communities by increasing their production and both their community and phylogenetic diversity.Key-Words / Index Term
disturbance, microbial habitat, ecological succession, biodiversityReferences
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Ferissa B. Ablola, "Emergence of Novel Microbial Community Following Natural Disturbance: Paradigm of Ecological Succession and Driving Force of Biodiversity," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.47-52, 2023 -
Open Access Article
Antitrypanosomal Potential of Wonderful Kola Methanolic Extract Against Trypanosoma brucei brucei
F.A. Rufa’i, A.B. Yerima, H.H. Sani
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.53-57, Jun-2023
Abstract
Several pharmacognostic properties of wonderful kola plant has necessitated the need for a high-throughput identification of bioactive compounds present in this plant which could serve as lead compounds in developing potent and novel trypanocidal agents. Trypanosomiasis is a protozoal disease known as sleeping sickness which is ranked among top priority tropical infections. The aim of the current study was to identify the bioactive compounds present in methanolic extract of wonderful kola and determine its antitrypaosomal activity. Photochemical screenings and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometric Analysis of the plan extracts was carried out to determine the bioactive compounds. A total of 12 adult rats, 7 weeks old of both sexes were randomly divided into six groups (1, 2,3,4,5 and 6) of 2 animals each. All the Groups were intraperitoneally infected with 0.1 mL of blood containing 106 Trypanosomes/mL. Groups 1- 4 received methanolic extract of wonderful kola intraperitoneally at daily doses of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10 mg/mL/kg body weight, while Group 5 received standard trypanosomal drug of 7.86 mg/kg (suramin dose) which served as the positive control and Group 6 was infected without any treatment (negative control). Different pathological parameters in terms of parasitemia, temperature, weight and percentage of survival were all evaluated. Some of the compounds identified include: saponins, tanins, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, benzendodecanoic acid, methyl tetradecanoate, hexadecanoic acid, diisooctyl adipate, cycloheptatien. Among the animals treated with methanolic extract of wonderful kola, there was decrease in the level of parasitaemia, decrease from higher to normal body temperature, increases in body weight and survival rate. In conclusion, Wonder Kola contains important bioactive compounds which are relatively safe and could be regarded as potential Trypanocidal agents in the treatment of trypanosomiasis.Key-Words / Index Term
Wonderful kola Extract, Antitrypanosomal activity, Trypanosoma brucei brucei, Parasitaemia, SuraminReferences
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F.A. Rufa’i, A.B. Yerima, H.H. Sani, "Antitrypanosomal Potential of Wonderful Kola Methanolic Extract Against Trypanosoma brucei brucei," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.53-57, 2023 -
Open Access Article
Chemical Composition, Anti-bacterial and Anti-oxidant Activities of common Apiaceae Essential Oils
Ruba Joujeh, Dima Joujeh
Review Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.58-64, Jun-2023
Abstract
Medicinal plants produce many compounds with biological or medicinal properties. Essential oils produced by plants have been used for health purposes for thousands of years. Apiaceae essential oils are chemically diverse and rich in effective compounds, so they can be used as an alternative to synthetic antibiotics and antioxidants, which will help to avoid the dangers of synthetic drugs. Therefore, this review provides useful information about essential oils of some Apiaceae species, including their chemical composition and some biological effects.Key-Words / Index Term
Apiaceae, medicinal plants, chemical composition, essential oil, antibacterial, antioxidant.References
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Ruba Joujeh, Dima Joujeh, "Chemical Composition, Anti-bacterial and Anti-oxidant Activities of common Apiaceae Essential Oils," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.58-64, 2023 -
Open Access Article
Molecular Identification of Fungi and Determination of Aflatoxin B1 in Dried Tomatoes
Salisu N., Ukwaja V.C., Sakariyau W.A.
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)
Vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp.65-69, Jun-2023
Abstract
Occurrence of fungi and their secondary metabolites such as mycotoxins in tomatoes is of great public health concern. World economies as well as human and animal health are significantly affected by their presence. It is therefore imperative to understand the species of fungi and the types of mycotoxins produced by them. This study is aimed at isolating, characterizing, and comparing the fungal load as well as quantifying aflatoxin B1 levels produced in dried tomatoes sold within Gusau metropolis. A total of 23 tomato samples were randomly obtained from different markets in the study area. Of the samples, 39 fungal isolates were found; three of the fungal isolates belong to the genus Aspergillus. Aspergillus flavus, which is known largely for the production of aflatoxins, was identified as the predominant occurring fungus with 48.7% (n = 19), and the least occurring fungi were Curvularia americana and Fomitoptis maliae with 2.6% (n = 1) each. The rRNA gene of the isolates was amplified by PCR and sequenced. The sequence data were deposited in the NCBI database, and accession numbers were assigned to each isolate. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was detected and quantified from the samples, and findings from this study indicated that AFB1 was present in all the samples analyzed. Also, 43.48% of the samples exceeded the maximum permissible number of 20 µg/kg set by the Standard Organization of Nigeria. In general, this result suggests that the presence of AFB1 in all the samples confirmed that Aspergillus flavus is the highest aflatoxins-producing fungus. It is therefore recommended that food products be screened for the types of fungal species and the presence of mycotoxins for food and public health safety.Key-Words / Index Term
Aflatoxins, fungi, tomato, ELISA, MycotoxinsReferences
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Salisu N., Ukwaja V.C., Sakariyau W.A., "Molecular Identification of Fungi and Determination of Aflatoxin B1 in Dried Tomatoes," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.3, pp.65-69, 2023
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