Volume-7 , Issue-4 , Aug 2020, ISSN 2455-3174 (Online) Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  Phytochemical Investigations of Nerium Oleander L. Leaves and Flowers

  A. Ali Redha

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp.1-4, Aug-2020

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  Abstract
  According to the qualitative phytochemical screening of oleander leaves and flowers done, both oleander leaves, and flowers contained phenols, tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, sterols, triterpenes, alkaloids and phlobatannins. Dried semi-powdered oleander leaves, and flowers were extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol, and water. The total phenolic content and flavonoid content of each extract was determined using ultra-violet/visible spectrophotometer. The alcoholic and aqueous extracts of oleander leaves and flowers contained the highest amount of phenolic compounds. The alcoholic extracts of oleander leaves and flowers contained the highest amount of flavonoids. The antioxidant power of each extract was also determined by measuring the radical scavenging activity towards 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The highest antioxidant power was of oleander flowers? alcoholic extract

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Phytochemicals; oleander; natural products; phenolic; antioxidant; DPPH

  References
  [1] Chaudhary K., Prasad D. N., Sandhu B. S., ?Preliminary pharmacognostic and phytochemical studies on Nerium oleander Linn. (white cultivar)?, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Vol. 4, Issue. 1, pp. 185-188, 2015.
  [2] Bhuvaneshwari L., Arthy E., Anitha C., Dhanabalan K., Meena M., ?Phytochemical analysis & Antibacterial activity of Nerium oleander?, Ancient Science of Life, Vol. 26, Issue. 4, pp. 24-28, 2007.
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  [4] Pandey K. B., Rizvi S. I., ?Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease?, Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Vol. 2, Issue. 5, pp. 270-278, 2009.
  [5] Singh S., Sachin S., Pramod N. N., Peiying Y., Bharti N., et al, ?Nerium oleander Derived Cariac Glycoside Oleandrin is a Novel Inhibitor of HIV Infectivity?, Fitoterapia, Vol. 84, pp. 32-39, 2013.
  [6] Mohadjernai M., ?Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Nerium oleander L. Grown in North of Iran?, Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol. 11, Issue. 4, pp. 1121-1126, 2012.
  [7] Hassan A., Al-Salman F., Ali Redha A., Salem M., Saeed Z., ?Phytochemical investigations of 10 edible plants and their antioxidant and antidiabetic activity?, International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry, Vol. 10, Issue. 3, pp. 260-272, 2020.
  [8] Hasan A. M., Ali Redha A. A., Mandeel Q., ?Phytochemical Investigations of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Rind and Aril Extracts and their Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Antibacterial Activity?, Natural Products Chemistry Research, Vol. 6, Issue. 332, 2018.
  [9] Al-Salman F, Ali Redha A., Al-Zaimoor Z, ?Inorganic Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Shilajit?, International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue. 3, pp. 05-10, 2020.
  [10] Hajimahmoodi M., Moghaddam G., Ranjbar A. M., Khazani H., Sadeghi N., Oveisi M. R., Jannat B., ?Total Phenolic, Flavonoids, Tannin Content and Antioxidant Power of Some Iranian Pomegranate Flower Cultivars (Punica granatum L.)?, American Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue. 9, pp. 1805-1820, 2013.
  [11] Masci A., Coccia A., Lendaro E., Mosca L., Paolicelli P., Cesa S., ?Evaluation of different extraction methods from pomegranate whole fruit or peels and the antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of the polyphenolic fraction?, Food Chemistry, Vol. 202, pp. 59-69, 2016.

  Citation
  A. Ali Redha, "Phytochemical Investigations of Nerium Oleander L. Leaves and Flowers," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.4, pp.1-4, 2020

• Open Access   Article

  Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Heterocyclic Schiff Bases and Their Metal Complexes

  J.N. Borase, R.G. Mahale, S.S. Rajput

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp.5-12, Aug-2020

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  Schiff bases Transition metal complexes have remained an important and popular area of research due to their versatility, simple synthesis. The current article focus on the synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of synthesized transition metal complexes from heterocyclic Schiff base ligand. All newly synthesized Transition metals complexes of Fe (III), Co (III), Cu (II), and Ni (II) were screening for their elemental analysis, FT-IR, ESR, and Magnetic Susceptibility. Thermal behavior of the complexes were examined for their kinetic parameters are Energy of activation (Ea), Free energy change (∆G), Entropy change (∆S), Order of reaction (n) these are analyzed by Freeman Carroll method. The X- Band of ESR spectra indicates square planer geometry of Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes and Fe(III) and Co(III) represents octahedral geometry. The screening results of antibacterial and antioxidant activity complex exhibits good antimicrobial and excellent antioxidant activity

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Schiff base, Metal complexes, FT-IR, Thermal analysis, ESR, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Magnetic susceptibility

  References
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  Citation
  J.N. Borase, R.G. Mahale, S.S. Rajput, "Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Heterocyclic Schiff Bases and Their Metal Complexes," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.4, pp.5-12, 2020

• Open Access   Article

  Anionic dye N-2RBL Removal by grape seeds-based activated carbon: A comparative study

  M. Hamzaoui, B. Bestani, N. Benderdouche1, Z. Mekkibes, O. Douinat

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp.13-20, Aug-2020

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  Abstract
  This study aims to compare the removal efficiency of Nylosan Red (N-2RBL) dye by adsorbents prepared from grapes seeds and compare it to Aldrich activated carbon. Grapes seeds-based activated carbons were prepared by physical and combined activation. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms models in their Linear and non-linear forms were applied to assess the removal process. R2, χ2 statistic, RMSE measures and APE functions were calculated for isotherms parameters evaluation. High removal efficiencies of 93.87 % and 92.5 % N-2RBL at conditions of 4 g/L (adsorbent dosage) and 100 mg/L (initial concentration) of were obtained using GC-MA and AAC adsorbents respectively. However, removal efficiency of 92 % and 82.19 % were obtained by GC-PA (4 g/L) and GC-NS (8 g/L) samples respectively at the same concentration. The best fit for linear and non-linear Langmuir isotherms models was more representative by GC-MA sample corresponding to adsorption capacities of 363.14 and 325.7 mg/g. Also, the non-linear and linear Freundlich isotherm models present good results for GC-MA indicating that the adsorption is favorable with adsorption energies of 40.79 and 26.2 mg/g, while GC-PA is moderate. Samples were classified in terms of adsorption capacity as follow: GC-MA > AAC > GC-PA > GC-NS.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Models; Dyes; Adsorbent; Langmuir; Freundlich; grape seeds

  References
  [1] M. Hamzaoui, B. Bestani, N. Benderdouche, Z.Mekkibes1, O. Douinat, ?Adsorption of Nylosan Red onto Grapes Cores-based Activated carbon?, International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences (IJSRCS), Vol.7, Issue.3, pp.11-19,2020.
  [2] I.Langmuir, ?The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mica, and platinum,? J.Am.Chem.Soc. Vol.40, pp.1361-1368, 1918.
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  [4] C.Theivarasu, S.Mylsamy, ?Equilibrium and kinetic adsorption studies of Rhodamine-B from aqueous solutions using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell as a new adsorbent,? International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, Vol.2, Issue.11, pp.6284-6292, 2010.
  [5] Busetty Subramanyam and Ashutosh Das, ?Linearised and non-linearised isotherm models optimization analysis by error functions and statistical means,? Journal of Environemnt Health Science&Engineering.
  [6] Mansooreh Dehghani, Simin Nasseri and Mojtaba Karamimanesh1, ?Removal of 2,4-Dichlorophenolyxacetic acid (2,4-D) herbicide in the aqueous phase using modified granular activated carbon?, Journal of Environemnt Health Science&Engineering.
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  [13] M.R. Samarghandi, M. Hadi,S. Moayedi, F. Barjasteh Askari, ?Two-parameter isotherms of methyl orange sorption by pinecone derived activated carbon,? Iran. J. Environ. Health. Sci.Eng, Vol.6, Issue.4, pp.285-29, 2009.
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  Citation
  M. Hamzaoui, B. Bestani, N. Benderdouche1, Z. Mekkibes, O. Douinat, "Anionic dye N-2RBL Removal by grape seeds-based activated carbon: A comparative study," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.4, pp.13-20, 2020

• Open Access   Article

  Extraction, Antioxidant Activity and Characterization of Essential Oils of Different Spices

  A. Hassan, A. Ali Redha, Z. Adel

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp.21-29, Aug-2020

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  Abstract
  Essential oils of five different common spices in cinnamon, cumin, cardamom, wisteria and coriander were extracted by hydrodistillation and steam distillation. The yield percentages of oils extracted by each method were calculated and compared. The yield percentages of cinnamon, cumin, cardamom, wisteria, and coriander oils obtained by hydrodistillation are 1.9, 2.0, 2.8, 1.7 and 1.0%, respectively. The yield percentages of cinnamon, cumin, cardamom, wisteria, and coriander oils obtained by steam distillation are 0.7, 0.8, 1.2, 0.5 and 0.5%, respectively. Hydrodistillation provided higher yield compared to steam distillation. The antioxidant activity of each spice was determined in terms of antioxidant activities due to volatile oil and non-volatile components of spice by DPPH radical scavenging activity method. The highest percentage antioxidant activity due to volatile oil was of cinnamon with 69.27%. The highest percentage of antioxidant activity due to non-volatile component of spice was of coriander with 90.79%. The composition of fresh spice extracts and essential oil of each spice was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The most common components found in spice samples were D-Limonene, α-Terpinene, γ-Terpinene, β-Thujene, Ocimene, Camphene, α-Phellandrene, 3-Carene, α-Fenchene, Cuminaldehyde, α-Terpineol and 4-Terpinyl acetate

  Key-Words / Index Term
  essential oil, distillation, spice, antioxidant activity, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

  References
  [1] Elshafie H. S., Camele I., ?An Overview of the Biological Effects of Some Mediterranean Essential Oils on Human Health?, BioMed Res. Int., Vol. 2017, pp. 1-14, 2017.
  [2] Ali B., Al-Wabel N. A., Shams S., Ahamad A., Khan S. A., Anwar D., ?Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review?, Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., Vol. 5, Issue. 8, pp. 601-611, 2015.
  [3] Blowman K., Magalh?es M., Lemos M. F. L., Cabral C., Pires I. M., ?Anticancer Properties of Essential Oils and Other Natural Products?, Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med., Vol. 2018, pp. 1-12, 2018.
  [4] Elyemni M. et al., ?Extraction of Essential Oils of Rosmarinus officinalis L. by Two Different Methods: Hydrodistillation and Microwave Assisted Hydrodistillation?, Sci. World J., Vol. 2019, pp. 1-6, 2019.
  [5] Dinh Phuc N., Phuong Thy L. H., Duc Lam T., Yen V. H., Thi Ngoc Lan N., ?Extraction of Jasmine Essential Oil By Hydrodistillation method and Applications On Formulation of Natural Facial Cleansers?, IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., Vol. 542, pp.1-15, 2019.
  [6] Al-Salman F., Ali Redha A., Al-Zaimoor Z., ?Inorganic Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Shilajit?, Int. J. Sci. Res. Chem. Sci., Vol. 7, Issue. 3, pp. 5-10, 2020.
  [7] Ali Redha A. A., Hasan A. M., Mandeel Q, ?Phytochemical Determinations of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Rind and Aril Extracts and their Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Antibacterial Activity?, Nat. Prod. Chem. Res., Vol. 6, Issue. 4, pp. 1-10, 2018.
  [8] Shahid M. Z., Saima H., Yasmin A., Nadeem M. T., Imran M., Afzaal M., ?Antioxidant capacity of cinnamon extract for palm oil stability?, Lipids Health Dis., Vol. 17, Issue. 1, pp. 1-8, 2018.
  [9] Wang C. W., Chen Y. W., Hou C. Y., ?Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of seven predominant terpenoids?, Int. J. Food Prop., Vol. 22, Issue. 1, pp. 230-238, 2019.
  

  Citation
  A. Hassan, A. Ali Redha, Z. Adel, "Extraction, Antioxidant Activity and Characterization of Essential Oils of Different Spices," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.4, pp.21-29, 2020