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Open Access Article
Krishna Karanth, P. Vishwanatha
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)
Vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp.1-4, Aug-2021
Abstract
A simple and efficient route for synthesizing benzimidazoles from o-Phenylenediamine and aromatic aldehydes using rare earth metal catalyst like Thallium nitrate or Lanthanum nitrate has been proposed. The easy work-up, higher yields and shorter reaction times at room temperature are the advantages over other methods.Key-Words / Index Term
Aromatic aldehyde, benzimidazole, Lanthanum nitrate, Thallium nitrateReferences
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Krishna Karanth, P. Vishwanatha, "A Mild and Efficient Method for Synthesis of Benzimidazoles using Thallium Nitrate or Lanthanum Nitrate Catalysts," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.8, Issue.4, pp.1-4, 2021 -
Open Access Article
Ndung’u Samuel N., Nthiga Esther W., Wanjau Ruth N., Ndiritu James
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)
Vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp.5-12, Aug-2021
Abstract
Water is vital to humans, animals and the entire ecosystem. However, its quality is deteriorating every dawn due to increased industrial advancements in our contemporary society leading to careless discharge of both organic and inorganic pollutants to the environment. This is not limited to metal ions which are eventually disposed to water bodies. Efforts to their remediation has yielded insignificant results as the used decontamination conventional techniques are costly. The use of adsorption using locally available adsorbents from agricultural wastes have increased research interest. Jackfruit rags (JR), a waste of Jackfruit was utilized as an adsorbent in lead (II) ions de-contamination from water. Powdered adsorbent was characterized using FT-IR which showed the presence of hydroxyl (-OH) and carboxylate (-COOH), carbonyl (-C=O) and ether (-C-O-C-) as important adsorption sites for lead (II) ions adsorption. The influence of contact time, pH, adsorbent dose, temperature and initial lead (II) ions concentration was investigated by batch adsorption technique. The optimal pH, time, dosage, temperature and initial lead (II) concentration was found to be: 5, 30 minutes, 0.08 g, 25 oC, 30 mg L-1 respectively. Isotherm studies showed that Freundlich model best described the lead (II) ions adsorption with adsorption capacity of 4.6716 mg/g which described a physisorption process. Kinetic parameters suggested the pseudo-second-order adsorption models best described the adsorption process. Thermodynamic functions of , and showed that lead (II) ions adsorption onto JR adsorbent was spontaneous, exothermic, non-entropy driven and physisorption in nature. The findings of the study showed that Jackfruit rags can be applied as an alternative, cheap and eco-friendly adsorbent in heavy metal ions removal from drinking water both at household level and industrial level.Key-Words / Index Term
Heavy metals, Jackfruit rags, Adsorption, kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamicsReferences
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Ndung’u Samuel N., Nthiga Esther W., Wanjau Ruth N., Ndiritu James, "Adsorption Studies of Lead (II) Ions from a Synthetic Media using Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.) Rags: Kinetics, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.8, Issue.4, pp.5-12, 2021 -
Open Access Article
A.M. Bappayo, B.S. Sagagi, B.I. Sani
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)
Vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp.13-18, Aug-2021
Abstract
The increased and sustained usage of fish is due to the fact that it contains not only all of the essential amino acids that humans require, but also polyunsaturated fatty acids not present in other protein sources. In other studies, the concentrations of potentially hazardous components in various fish species were shown to be greater as a result of environmental pollution. This study looked at potential toxic elements in smoked Butter catfish, Alesties fish, Clarias fish, Synodantis fish, and Clupid fish from Azare and Darazo markets in Bauchi state. Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (MPAES) was used to detect the quantities of possibly hazardous elements in samples obtained after digestion using a standard method in triplicate. The findings revealed that Zinc and Arsenic had the highest heavy metal load in butter catfish, with mean values of 122.616 mg/kg and 35.163 mg/kg, respectively, whereas zinc (116.213 mg/kg) and lead (29.706 mg/kg) had the highest in clarias. Zinc and arsenic were the two heavy metals with the highest mean values in clupid fish, with 75.650 mg/kg and 19.446 mg/kg, respectively. Synodantis has the highest levels of zinc (75.410 mg/kg) and arsenic (20.253 mg/kg). Cadmium was the least abundant of the heavy metals found in all five species, with mean concentrations of 0.270, 0.156, 0.213, 0.187, and 0.160 mg/kg for butter catfish, clarias, clupid, synodantis, and tilapia fish, respectively. In this study Cu and Cd levels recorded were within the maximum acceptable limit. Concentration of Zinc was found to be within the recommended guidelines of WHO/FAO, except for sample from Azare (clarias) and Darazo (butter catfish and clupid fish). The mean concentrations of Ni, Pb and Cr in the sampled were higher than the maximum acceptable limit prescribed by WHO/FAO/FEFA. The concentrations of Ni, Cr, Pb was found to be higher in all smoked fish except for butter catfish and clupid fish from Darazo which was not detected.Key-Words / Index Term
Azare, fish, clarias gariepinus, toxic elements, tilapiaReferences
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A.M. Bappayo, B.S. Sagagi, B.I. Sani, "Evaluation of Some Potential Toxic Elements (Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Nickel, Lead and Zinc) in Smoked Fish Samples Sold at Azare and Darazo Markets in Bauchi State," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.8, Issue.4, pp.13-18, 2021 -
Open Access Article
Thermal Conversion of Water`s Adhesive Force to Cohesive Force
Aparup Roy
Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)
Vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp.19-22, Aug-2021
Abstract
The study of mine was conducted to know that how water’s adhesive force behave on subjecting it to different range of temperature. The primary research question that I had before starting this study was that how the physical property of water gets affected when a range of temperature is applied to it. Here in this study I have carried out three different experiments by subjecting water drops in a vessel which is heated at a varying range of temperature (between 20°C - 200°C) before coming to a conclusion. This research paper comprises of the physical property of water (adhesive force) which is seen to change when subjected at different range of temperature. Before conducting any research experiments I have read many research articles which have helped me in writing this research paper which I have mentioned below in my references section of this paper.Key-Words / Index Term
water’s cohesive force, adhesive force of mercury, bond angle of water, meniscus of water and mercury.References
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Aparup Roy, "Thermal Conversion of Water`s Adhesive Force to Cohesive Force," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.8, Issue.4, pp.19-22, 2021
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