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• Open Access   Article

  Changes in the Concentrations of Primary and Secondary Metabolites Involved in the Infection Process by Grapevine leafroll associated virus and Grapevine virus A in Vitis vinifera L.

  Sofía Murúa, Daniel Bustos

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)

  Vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp.1-8, Oct-2023

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  Abstract
  Grapevine Leafroll desease (GLD) is among the most important diseases that affect the vine, which cause significant economic losses in cultivars of these plant species, since they cause low-quality berries, in terms of their size and grade. sugar. The changes suffered by plants at the metabolic level were studied in the present work. Four plants of V. vinifera L. cv. Thompson Seedless, one infected only with GLRaV-3, another infected with GLRaV-3 coinfected with and GLRaV-2, a third plant infected with GLRaV-2 coinfected with GLRaV-3 and GVA, and finally a plant that did not show viral titer (used as negative control), all from the 2018-2019 harvest, from a commercial cultivar located in the province of San Juan, Argentina. Changes in ?-tocopherol contents, antioxidant capacity, total polyphenols, soluble sugars, soluble proteins, proline and glycine betaine were analyzed, in addition to studying the increase in resveratrol as induced phytoalexin. This can be considered as a plant adaptation mechanism to live with a viral pathogen.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Phytopathology, Vitis vinífera, Secondary Metabolism, Grapevine viruses (GLRaV)

  References
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  Citation
  Sofía Murúa, Daniel Bustos, "Changes in the Concentrations of Primary and Secondary Metabolites Involved in the Infection Process by Grapevine leafroll associated virus and Grapevine virus A in Vitis vinifera L.," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.5, pp.1-8, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Neural Network Modeling for The Microfiltration Process of Bacteria Harvesting From Fermentation Liquid

  M. Sadeghi, M. Kazemimoghadam, R. Khalilzadeh

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)

  Vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp.9-15, Oct-2023

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  Abstract
  Microfiltration is considered useful processes in the field of food industry separation. In the present study, neural network modeling for laboratory data was performed using a ceramic microfiltration membrane to isolate Kocuria rhizophila bacteria from the feed stream. The independent parameters of this process are the back pressure of the membrane, speed of the current entering the membrane, contact time, and the dependent parameter of the flux passing through the membrane. The neural network used was a multilayer perceptron (MLP) system. The data are divided into three main parts of education, validation, and evaluation with a distribution percentage of 15-15-70. The variable of the number of hidden layer neurons in this study was changed from 1 to 20, and the value of 17 neurons was selected as the optimal number according to the results. for verify the prediction performance of the data in the neural network, two basic parameters of the determination coefficient (R2, mean square error (MSE)) were used. The R2 values for the training data, validation, evaluation, and all data using the learning function and the optimal transfer function of Levenberg-Marquardt and Tansing were 0.9995, 0.99966, 0.999111, and 0.9994, respectively. In addition, an MSE value of 0.008 was obtained, indicating a very low error rate. The results show that the neural network used and the optimal function obtained had the least errors in the data calculations and predictions.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  neural network - microfiltration - bacteria - MLP

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  Citation
  M. Sadeghi, M. Kazemimoghadam, R. Khalilzadeh, "Neural Network Modeling for The Microfiltration Process of Bacteria Harvesting From Fermentation Liquid," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.5, pp.9-15, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Extraction and Analysis of Chemical Constituents of Natural Dyes for Dying Several Fabric Texture

  Palak Joshi, Shubhanshi Sisodiya

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRCS)

  Vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp.16-21, Oct-2023

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  Abstract
  History of dyes is several decades old among all over the world. Natural dyes have been widely used for cotton fabric. Natural resources like plants, insects, and minerals are used to make natural dyes. Most natural dyes are vegetable or plant dyes, which are obtained from plants such as roots, berries, bark, leaves, fruits, wood, etc. The two different sorts of dyes are synthetic and natural. Organic compounds that are also referred to as "coal tar dyes" make synthetic dyes. As these dyes are sourced from plant that were discussed previously. Natural dyes are being used, which is a potential advancement in this approach. Natural dyes use a simple extraction technique to replace costly chemical production methods and lower the high cost of metal complex receptors. Natural dyes are easily extracted, widely accessible, and are harmless for the environment. To increase the sustainability of dyes, mordants are used. Mordants are inorganic salts used for pre-treating dyes. These are taken up by the fibres, where they interact with the dye to create a less soluble version. a description of plant-based natural colourants, their classification, the chemical elements involved for producing the various hues, their actions, and the impact of various mordants on the hue are covered in this backdrop. The various kinds of mordants used to fix natural coloration on textile substrates, their actions, and plant sources are also covered. This paper shows how natural dyes are obtained and chemical composition they contain. How dyes are bound with the fabric, and what chemical changes occur while dyeing. To examine the physical and chemical characteristics of the materials under study, numerous experiments were conducted viz. pH measurement, absorbance, qualitative analysis etc. and result so obtained were discussed in full article.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Keywords- Natural dyes, Synthetic dyes, Mordants, Environmentally benign, Textile, Hue, Colorants. Absorbance, Hydrogen ion concentration, Fabric, chemical composition.

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  Citation
  Palak Joshi, Shubhanshi Sisodiya, "Extraction and Analysis of Chemical Constituents of Natural Dyes for Dying Several Fabric Texture," International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemical Sciences, Vol.10, Issue.5, pp.16-21, 2023