Volume-7 , Issue-12 , Dec 2021, ISSN 2454-9312 (Online), 2454-6143 (Print) Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  Coping Mechanism of Island School Students on the Problems Encountered in Modular Distance Learning

  Jay Mar A. Barcenas, Michael B. Bibon

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.12 , pp.1-6, Dec-2021

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  Abstract
  The Covid-19 pandemic has brought changes in all aspects of life particularly in the education sector. Called as the new normal, students have battled on continuing their studies through distance learning modality via printed modules. This new normal for learning brought setbacks to many island school students who juggle work, responsibilities, and schooling simultaneously. The study aims to identify the coping mechanisms on the problems encountered of island school students in modular distance learning. The design of the study used mixed methods of quantitative and qualitative approaches. Semi-structured interview was conducted for gathering data. Two hundred sixty (260) students from an island secondary school in Philippines were considered as key informants of the study. Thematic analysis approach through coding was used to substantiate oral responses, and frequency count of similar responses was also executed. Findings revealed that students (1) seek help from more knowledgeable others due to unavailability of an immediate support system, (2) cheat or refer to internet for independent learning, and (3) they carefully organized the modules to manage time well prior to answering and submitting outputs. The data connoted that students were resourceful enough to address the problems they encountered in modular distance learning.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Coping Mechanism, Distance Learning, Modules, Problems, Students

  References
  [1] J. Tria, “The COVID-19 Pandemic Through the Lens of Education in the Philippines: The New Normal. International Journal of Pedagogical Development and Lifelong Learning,” International Journal of Pedagogical Development and Lifelong Learning, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 2-4, 2020
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  [4] Ibid. (3)
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  Citation
  Jay Mar A. Barcenas, Michael B. Bibon, "Coping Mechanism of Island School Students on the Problems Encountered in Modular Distance Learning," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.12, pp.1-6, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Analysis of Healthy Lifestyle Among Girl-Children in the Notheren Nigeria

  A.O. Adeniran, T.M. Abdullahi, O. Tayo-Ladega

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.12 , pp.7-11, Dec-2021

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  Abstract
  Studies have revealed that there are numerous springing forth in the northern part of Nigeria, which inflicts the girl-children. This cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze healthy lifestyles among girl-children in the northern part of Nigeria. A total of 347 participants (parents of 347 girl-children) participated in this study, and primary data was gathered from the period of 2nd July to 8th July 2021 in Minna, Niger State. The majority of participants were in the categories of 15-18 years constituting 62.54%, 55.33% of the participants were underweight which may be as a consequence of short of balanced diet, short of access to food, poor feeding in infant; 35.45% of the participants were average weight and 9.22% were overweight. From the analysis, it was revealed that there is a connection between parents’ education and physical activities of girl-children (p = 0.001 < 0.05). Also, there is a connection between parent’s education and the eating habit of girl-children (p = 0.027 < 0.05) in Minna, Nigeria. Literate parents have proper knowledge and observance of recommendations on balanced diet, healthy eating habits and physical activity, while illiterate parents are not exposed to health education programs. Finally, the study found that a greater number of girl-children do not cultivate the healthy living because of parent influence and the education level of children. Hence, it is recommended that the public and private stakeholders should engineer, educate, and enforce health training programmes for all parents in the northern part of Nigeria, especially Minna, Niger State which is the study area. Health education subjects should be included in the education curriculum from the primary to the secondary level.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Health lifestyle, Girl-children, Healthy behavior, Northern Nigeria

  References
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  Citation
  A.O. Adeniran, T.M. Abdullahi, O. Tayo-Ladega, "Analysis of Healthy Lifestyle Among Girl-Children in the Notheren Nigeria," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.12, pp.7-11, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Deficit Irrigation and Straw Mulch Levels Management on Yield and Water Productivity of Onion (Allium Cepa L.) in Haramaya, Ethiopia

  Abdi Musa Sali

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.12 , pp.12-17, Dec-2021

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  Abstract
  Ensuring water productivity of irrigated crops through irrigation water management is a vital alternative in water limited areas, such as, East Harerghe. Consequently a field experiment was conducted at Haramaya district to evaluate the effects of deficit irrigation and straw mulching levels on yield and water productivity of onion (Allium cepa L). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement of three levels of irrigation (100, 85 and 70% of ETc) and three levels of straw mulch (0, 3 and 6 vetivar grass straw per ha) in three replications. Crop water requirement was estimated using actual daily climatic temperature data. The analysis of variance revealed that statistically, there was significant (p<0.05) difference in growth parameters; and yield parameters were highly significant (p<0.01) influenced by the interaction effects of deficit irrigation and straw mulch levels. The highest marketable yield (35.13 t/ha) was obtained from an experimental plot treated with combined application of 100% of ETc and 6 t/ha straw mulch, while the lowest (24.07 t/ha) was obtained from plots treated with 70% ETc irrigation level and no mulch treatment. Water productivity was also highly significant (p<0.01) influenced by the interaction effects of deficit irrigation and straw mulching levels; the highest water productivity (10.4 kg/m3) and the lowest (6.1 kg/m3) were recorded from the plots treated with 85% ETc and 6 t/ha straw mulch, and 100% ETc and no mulch treatments, respectively. Partial budget analysis revealed that the most economically attractive combination for small scale farmers with lower cost of production and higher net benefits was from the application of 85% ETc and 6 t/ha straw mulch. Therefore, in terms of marketable bulb yield and water profitable productivity, irrigating with 85% ETc with 6 t/ha straw mulch would be recommended for oni1on production.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Soil, crop water, marketable yield, straw mulching

  References
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  Citation
  Abdi Musa Sali, "Deficit Irrigation and Straw Mulch Levels Management on Yield and Water Productivity of Onion (Allium Cepa L.) in Haramaya, Ethiopia," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.12, pp.12-17, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Correlation of Borehole Lithology Using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) Method for Groundwater Exploration in Part of Otuoke Bayelsa State Nigeria

  P.P. Adejumo, I.E. Ottih, A.N. Nwori

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.12 , pp.18-27, Dec-2021

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  Citation

  Abstract
  In this work, the vertical electric sounding (VES) method was applied in parts of Otuoke Bayelsa State Nigeria and geoelectrical stratigraphy obtained correlates with the borehole lithology within the area for groundwater exploration and development. Five VES points with maximum and minimum electrode spacings of 350 m and l00 m respectively were used to determine the apparent electrical resistivity of the subsurface layers. The field resistivity sounding survey was carried out in these locations with an ABEM terameter (signal averaging system 1000). The field data obtained were interpreted using IP2 win computer software. The result of the interpreted VES data was used to correlate the drilled borehole logs which confirmed the following stratigraphy; sandy clay (19-584 ?m), dry sand (77.2-737 ?m), clay (2.44 ?m) and saturated fine/coarse sand (3.65-566 ?m) as an aquifer. Geophysical VES reports and borehole logs confirm that the area is a homogeneous formation consisting of the same lithological characteristics as sand and clay. The resistivity curve interpreted A, K and HK type curve layers. The available borehole lithology in the study area matches pretty well with the geoelectric stratigraphy. The results of our correlation revealed that almost all the five VES stations intercepted good aquifer zones for portable groundwater development in the area.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Groundwater, Geoelectric layers, Schlumberger, Borehole lithology, Correlation

  References
  [1] E. Oborie, A.T. Batayneh, “Relationship between geoelectrical and groundwater parameters in parts of Ogbia, Bayelsa state, central Niger Delta,” Journal of Earth Science, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 30-40, 2011
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  [3] H.O. Nwankwoala, “Assessment of groundwater quality in parts of Bayelsa State, Eastern Niger Delta,” The IUP Journal of Soil Water Science, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 7-23, 2011.
  [4] V. Shevnin, O. Delgado-Rodriguez, B. Mousatovn and A. Ryjov, “Estimation of hydraulic conductivity of clay content in soil determined from resistivity data,” Geofisica International Journal, Vol. 44, pp. 295-307. 2007.
  [5] P. Sikandar, A. Bakhsh, M. Arshad, T. Rana, “The use of vertical electrical sounding resistivity method for the location of low salinity groundwater for irrigation in chaj and Rana Doabs,” Environmental Earth Science, Vol. 70, pp. 2223-2239, 2011.
  [6] E. Akpofure, K.S. Okiongbo, “Determination of aquifer properties and groundwater vulnerabily mapping using vertical electrical method in yenagoa and environs, Nigeria,” Journal of water Resources protection, Vol. 5, pp. 253-261, 2013.
  [7] K.S. Okiongbo, E. Akpofure, “Determination of Aquifer Properties and Groundwater Vulnerability Mapping Using Geoelectric Method in Yenagoa City and Its Environs in Bayelsa State, South South Nigeria” Journal of Water Resource and Protection, Vol. 4, pp. 354-362, 2012.
  [8] D.C. Abadom, H.O. Nwankwoala, “Investigations of Physico-Chemical Composition of Groundwater in Otuoke and Environs, Bayelsa State, Nigeria,” International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 1-8, 2018.
  [9] K.A. Allen, “Sedimentary and characteristics of dispersed organic matter in Tertiary Niger delta: Origin of source rocks in a deltaic environment,” AAPG Bulletin, Vol. 72, pp. 227-298. 1965.
  [10] A.N. Amadi, H.O. Nwankwoala, P.I. Olasehinde, N.O. Okoye, I.A. Okunlola, Y.B. Alkali, “Investigation of Aquifer Quality in Bonny Island, Eastern Niger Delta, Nigeria using Geophysical and Geochemical Techniques,” Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences (JETEAS), Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 183-187, 2012.
  [11] L. Assez, A. Olayinka, “Chemical composition of Bitumen extracts from Nigerian tar Sands, in, 3rd . International UNITAR/UNDP Heavy Crude & Tar Sands, conf..long Beach, CA,USA, Vol. l1, pp. 467-480, 1975.
  [12] L.B. Maroon, “Petroleum source-bed evaluation of the Tertiary Niger Delta discussion,” American Association of Petroleum Geologist Bulletin, Vol.68, pp. 387-394 1996.
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  [14] A.A. Alabi, R. Bello, A.S. Ogungbe, H.O. Oyerinde, “Determination of ground water potential in Lagos State University, Ojo; using Geoelectric methods (vertical electrical sounding and horizontal profiling),” Report and opinion, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 68-75, 2010.
  [15] A.C. Uhegbu, J.U. John, “Geophysical and Geotechnical Evaluation of Erosion Sites in Ebem-Ohafia Area of Abia State, Southern Nigeria,” Advances in Research, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 1-14, 2017.
  [16] J.O. Coker, “Vertical electrical sounding (VES) methods to delineate potential groundwater aquifers in Akobo area, Ibadan, South-western, Nigeria” Journal of Geology and Mining Research, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 35-42, 2012.
  [17] E. Hassan, J. K Rai, and U. O Anekwe, “Geoelectrical Survey of Ground Water in Some Parts of Kebbi State Nigeria, a Case Study of Federal Polytechnic Bye-Pass Birnin Kebbi and Magoro Primary Health Center Fakai Local Government” Geosciences, Vol. 7, No. 5, pp. 141-149, 2017.
  [18] M. Onimisi, M.S. Kolawole, A. Daniel, A. Ebeh, “Vertical Electrical Sounding Survey for Groundwater Exploration in Parts of Anyigba and its Environs, in the Anambra Basin of Nigeria,” British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, Vol. 4. No. 13, pp. 1978-1988, 2014.
  [19] U. Hamzah, A.R. Samsudin, E.P. Malim, “Groundwater investigation in Kuala Selangor using vertical electrical sounding (VES) surveys” Environmental Geology, Vol. 51, pp. 1349–1359, 2007.
  [20] K.S. Okiongbo, E. Akpofure, “Determination of Aquifer Properties and Groundwater Vulnerability Mapping Using Geoelectric Method in Yenagoa City and Its Environs in Bayelsa State, South South Nigeria” Journal of Water Resource and Protection, Vol. 4, pp. 354-362, 2012,
  [21] P.P. Adejumo, E.O. Onyebueke, A.N. Nwori, G.C. Okeke, “Investigation of Groundwater Aquifers in Otuoke and its Environs Using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) Technique,” International Journal of Basic Science and Technology, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 156 – 168, 2021.
  [22] B.E. Oguama, J.C. Ibuot, D.N, Obiora, “Geohydraulic study of aquifer characteristics in parts of Enugu North Local Government Area of Enugu State using electrical resistivity soundings,” Applied Water Science, Vol. 10, No 120, pp. 1-10, 2020.
  [23] D. Uko Etim, “Determination of Aquiferous Zones in the Freshwater South-East Niger Delta, Using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) Method,” Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 54-64, 2015.
  [24] E. Oborie, A.T. Batayneh, “Relationship between geoelectrical and groundwater parameters in parts of Ogbia, Bayelsa state, central Niger Delta,” Journal Earth Science, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 30-40, 2011.

  Citation
  P.P. Adejumo, I.E. Ottih, A.N. Nwori, "Correlation of Borehole Lithology Using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) Method for Groundwater Exploration in Part of Otuoke Bayelsa State Nigeria," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.12, pp.18-27, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Professional Factors Facing Women Primary School Teachers in Enhancing Students’ Academic Performance in Central District Zanzibar

  M.M. Abdalla, G.J. Babune

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.12 , pp.28-36, Dec-2021

  Abstract

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  Abstract
  The quality of education is mainly dependent on teacher’s capacity to influence the learning process among students. The paper examined professional factors influencing women primary school teachers in facilitating students` academic performance. Purposive and convenient sampling procedures were employed to arrive at a sample of 117 participants with 58 women teachers, 36 students and 23 men teachers of central district in Zanzibar. A mixed approach was used with a descriptive exploratory design. Questionnaire survey and key informant interviews generated the data. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis and descriptive statistics was employed with weighted mean through the statistical package for social sciences. It was revealed that there is an array of factors that variably influence women teachers from realising effective professional practices. These include social interaction (level 5), cognitive issues (level 5), and social status (level 3) marking a very high and moderate levels of influence among women teachers respectively. Unique expertise (level 4), practical expertise (level 4), and ideological values (level 4) occupy a high level of influence among women teachers. It was revealed that the practices informing the state of the art of low influence in realising students` performance are limited participatory strategies and interaction with students in the learning process. Methods of demonstration, and lecture have a very low (1 level) and low (2 level) positive influence on learners due to limiting factors respectively. Concluded that there are professional factors that deter the performance of women teachers despite their majority in primary schools. It recommends for the need to fix the underlying professional factors to align with effective practices in enhancing students` academic development.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Enabling, Factors, Professional, and Women Teachers

  References
  [1] C. Jim, “Industrialization and Public Education: Social Cohesion and Social stratification” Springer. International hand books of Education”. 2009.
  [2] T. Dublin, “Women at work. The transformation of Work and community in Lowell”, Massachusetts, 1826–1860. Columbia University Press, 1979.
  [3] R. Rashid, & S.K. Maharashi, “Problems of Female School Teachers in District Kulgam” (J&K), Journal of Education and Practice, Vol.6, No.11, P.148-151, ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222- 288X (Online) 2015.
  [4] M. S. Farooq, “An Analysis of the Problems Faced by Female Primary School Teachers in District Muzaffarabad Teachers in District Muzaffaraad”. Omics International eBooks. Springer Nature, 2017.
  [5] A. Tamusuza, “Leaving School Early: The Quest for Universal Primary Education in Uganda”. Journal of Statistique Africa, 11,110-151, 2011.
  [6] S.Tao, “An analysis of gender, poverty and constrained capabilities”. Journal of Gender and Education, 31:7, 903-919, 2019.
  [7]. B. De Wever, R. Vanderlinde, M. Tuytens, &A. Aelterman (eds.), “Professional Learning in education – Challenges for teacher educators, teachers and student Teachers”, Gent, Academia Press, 229 pp, 2016.
  [8]. C. Jayanthi, K. Pugazhendy, V.Tamizhazhagan, V. Sakthidasan, “Problems of Women teachers in Cuddalore district”, International Journal of Zoology Studies, Volume 2; Issue 5; p. No. 89-95, 2017.
  [9] M.S. Fasihi, & G.J. Babune, “Effectiveness of Local Government Political Leaders in Implementation of Their Roles in Zanzibar Tanzania”, InternationalJournal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies, Vol.7, Issue 7, pp. 72-79, Research Paper, 2021.

  Citation
  M.M. Abdalla, G.J. Babune, "Professional Factors Facing Women Primary School Teachers in Enhancing Students’ Academic Performance in Central District Zanzibar," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.12, pp.28-36, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Vulnerability to Coronaphobia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Gender study in Ibadan, Nigeria

  D.O. Adeyanju

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.12 , pp.37-42, Dec-2021

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  Abstract
  The contagious nature of coronavirus and the rapidly upsurge death tolls from the COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with the restriction measures and infodemic, had significantly heightened fear, anxiety, worry and depression (referred to as coronaphobia) among the people. This study assessed gender vulnerability to coronaphobia during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ibadan, the capital city of Oyo State of Nigeria. The study made use of structured questionnaires to elicit data from 400 accidentally sampled respondents, which comprises of 200 males and 200 females. The statistical techniques employed for data analysis includes percentage mean score, and two-tailed t-test was employed to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed that both genders are vulnerable to coronaphobia, with females exhibiting higher severity of the menace (t-calculated = 5.957; t-tabulated = 2.179). Recommendations made to manage coronaphobia include attitudinal and behavioural change, concerted re-orientation and awareness, prevention of infodemic, and engagement of psychologists who specialises in anxiety.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Vulnerability, Coronaphobia, COVID-19, Fear, Gender, Ibadan Nigeria

  References
  [1] Tandon, R., “COVID-19 and mental health preserving humanity, maintaining sanity, and promoting health”, Asian J. Psychiatry, 2020.
  [2] Rodriguez-Rey, R., Garrido-Hernansaiz, H. & Collado, S., “Psychological impact and associated factors during the initial stage of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic among the general population in Spain”. Front. Psychol. 11: p. 1540, 2020.
  [3] WHO, “WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic”, Europe: World Health Organization, 2020.
  [4] Alyami, M., Herming, M., Krageloh, C.U. & Alyami, H., “Psychometric evaluation of the Arabic version of the Fear of COVID-19 scale”. Int. J. Ment. Heal. Addict.2020.
  [5] Jackson, J.K., Weiss, M.A., Schwanzenberg, A.B., Nelson, R.M., Sutter, K.M., & Sutherland, M.D., “Global Economic Effect of COVID-19”. Congressional Research Service, Document Number R46270, 10 November, 2021.
  [6] International Monetary Fund, “World Economic Outlook Update; June 2020: A Crisis Like no Other, An Uncertain Recovery”: IMF. June 2020.
  [7] Saladino, V. Algeri, D., & Vuriemma, V., “The Psychological and social impact of COVID-19: New Perspectives of Well-being”. Front Psychol. 11:577684. 02 October, 2020.
  [8] Li, L.Z., & Wang, S., “Prevalence and predictors of general psychiatric disorders and loneliness during COVID-19 in the United Kingdom”. Psych. Res. 291, 0165-1781, 2020.
  [9] Adeyanju, D.O., “Prevalence of sexual violence against Children during COVID-19 lockdown in Ibadan, Nigeria”. International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies, Vol. 7 Issue 10, pp 1-7, 2021.
  [10] Mohamed, A., Mervat, S.H., Hayam, M.E. & Eman, F., “Exploring the factors associated with coronaphobia among physicians during the COVID-19 outbreak in Egypt”. The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery, Vol. 57 No. 1: 105; 29 July, 2021.
  [11] Arora, A., Jha, A.K., Alat, P., & Das, S.S., “Understanding Coronaphobia”, Asian J. Psychiatr. 6 Sept., 2020.
  [12] Duan, L., & Zhu, G., “Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic”. The Lancet Psychiatry, Vol. 7, No. 4: pp 300-302, 2020.
  [13] Lee, S.A., “Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental screener for COVID-19 related anxiety”, Death Studies, Vol. 44 No. 7: pp 393-401, 2020.
  [14] Karaasian, Y., Mete, O., Karadag, M., Ozer, K.D., Toprak, C.S., “An investigation of potential coronaphobia-related factors in adults and sleep quality relations”. Sleep Med., 84: pp 356-361. 2021
  [15] Newby, J. & Werner-Saidler, A., “7 ways to manage your coronaphobia”. The Conversation, May 20, 2020.
  [16] Yadav, U.N., Yadav, O.P., Singh, D.R., Ghimire, S., Rayamajhee, B., Kanti, M.S., et al, “Perceived fear of COVID-19 and its associated factors among Nepalese older adults in eastern Nepal: A cross-sectional study”. PLoS ONE 16(7): 2021.
  [17] National Population Commission, “2006 Population and Housing Census: PopulationDistribution by sex, state, LGA and Senatorial District”. Priority Table, Vol. III, April 2010.
  [18] UN, “Ibadan, Nigeria Metro Area Population 1950-2021”, 2021.
  [19] Yamane, T., “Statistics, An Introductory Analysis”, 2nd Ed., New York: Harper and Row. 1967.

  Citation
  D.O. Adeyanju, "Vulnerability to Coronaphobia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Gender study in Ibadan, Nigeria," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.12, pp.37-42, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Classes Using Canvas Learning Management System as Perceived by the Engineering Students

  A.G. Vasquez, J. Almerol

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.12 , pp.43-47, Dec-2021

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  Abstract
  Transforming from face-to-face to online mode posed one of the biggest challenges because neither the students nor the faculty members are accustomed to it. Traditionally, engineering education dealt with teaching that is content-centered, hands-on, and design-oriented with a special emphasis on the promotion of analytical thinking skills. Engineering education demands sufficient integration of classroom discussion with synchronous lab instructions because engineering education is a field where theory and lab work go hand in hand. This study aimed to describe the perceptions of the 193 engineering students towards an online class given through the Canvas learning management system selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire administered through google forms. Utilizing weighted mean, results revealed that in terms of time spent on coursework, the purpose of giving coursework, and parent’s involvement, they perceived it as fairly favorable. Using linear regression analysis, results indicated that the profile of the students does not significantly affect their perceptions towards an online class.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Canvas, Engineering students, Online class, Perceptions

  References
  [1] Z.H. Khan, M.I. Abid, “Distance learning in engineering education: Challenges and opportunities during COVID-19 pandemic crisis in Pakistan,” The International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education, 2021.
  [2] S. Asgari, J. Trajkovic, M. Rahmani, W. Zhang, R.C. Lo, A. Sciortino, “An observational study of engineering online education during the COVID-19 pandemic,” PLoS ONE, Vol.16, Issue.4, 2021.
  [3] J. Bourne, D. Harris, F. Mayadas, “Online engineering education: learning anywhere, anytime,” Online Learn, Vol.9, Issue.1, 2019.
  [4] B. Rubin, R. Fernandez, “Measuring the community in online classes,” J Asynchronous Learn Networks, Vol.17, pp.115-136, 2013.
  [5] F. Sarsar, O.A. Cakir, “Designing a Training Platform for Higher Education Engineering Instructors in the Digital Era,” Engineering Education Trends in the Digital Era, pp.17, 2020.
  [6] J. Grodotzki, T.R. Ortelt, A.E. Tekkaya, “Remote and Virtual Labs for Engineering Education 4.0,” 46th SME North American Manufacturing Research Conference, USA, 2018.
  [7] F. Esquembre, “Facilitating the Creation of Virtual and Remote Laboratories for Science and Engineering Education,” IFAC-Papers Online, Vol.48, Issue.29, pp.49-58, 2015.
  [8] P.C. Holzweiss, S.A. Joyner, M.B. Fuller, S. Henderson, R. Young, “Online graduate students` perceptions of best learning experiences,” Distance Education, Vol.35, Issue.3, pp. 311-323, 2014.
  [9] J.J. Park, M. Park, K. Jackson, G. Vanhoy, “Remote engineering education under COVID-19 pandemic environment,” International Journal of Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Higher Education, pp.160-166, 2020.
  [10] M. Adnan, K. Anwar, “Online learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic: students` perspectives,” Journal of Pedagogical, Sociological Psychology, Vol.2, Issue.1, pp.45-51, 2020.
  [11] M. Prince, R. Felder, R. Brent, “Active Student Engagement in Online STEM Classes: Approaches and Recommendations,” Advances in Engineering Education, Vol.8, Issue.4, pp.1-25, 2020.
  [12] A.A. Ataby, “Hybrid Learning Using Canvas LMS,” European Journal of Education and Pedagogy, Vol.2, Issue.6, pp.27-33, 2021.
  [13] A. Adanikin, I.A. Adeoye, A.F. Adanikin, “Engineering Education Factors and Academic Performance in SouthWestern Nigerian Universities,” World Academics Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vo.7, Issue.2, pp.66-71, 2020.
  [14] S. Ghavifekr, W.A.W. Rosdy, “Teaching and learning with technology: Effectiveness of ICT integration in schools,” International Journal of Research in Education and Science, Vol.1, Issue.2, pp.175-191, 2015.
  [15] A.K. S. Ong, Y. T. Prasetyo, M.N. Young, J.F.T. Diaz, T. Chuenyindee, P. Kusonwattana, N.Yuduang, R. Nadlifatin, A.A.N.P. Redi, “Students’ Preference Analysis on Online Learning Attributes in Industrial Engineering Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Conjoint Analysis Approach for Sustainable Industrial Engineers,” Sustainability, Vol.13, Issue.8339, pp.2-20, 2021.

  Citation
  A.G. Vasquez, J. Almerol, "Classes Using Canvas Learning Management System as Perceived by the Engineering Students," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.12, pp.43-47, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Effect of Gender Difference on the Mathematics Performance of Secondary School Students in Lokoja, Kogi-Nigeria

  U.E. Onate, S.U. Umoren

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.12 , pp.48-54, Dec-2021

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  Abstract
  This study was purported to investigate gender difference and performance in mathematics among secondary school two students in Lokoja. The study set out to achieve three hypotheses of the significant effect of mathematics teacher sex, student sex and school sex type on students’ performance in mathematics. A sample of 440 senior secondary two students were surveyed in 11 government secondary schools in Lokoja and the multiple regressions model in SPSS version 23 was employed to analyse the data. The results showed that mathematics teacher sex, student sex, and school sex type differences do not affect students’ performance in mathematics. It is therefore recommended that more female mathematics teachers should be employed and trained to help increase the positive performance tendency gotten in this study, and an appropriate number of all-boys, all-girls and mixed-sex secondary schools need to be established to close any gap on gender inequality. More so, interventions on this research should be built around liberal feminism, radical feminism, flow and Piaget’s learning theories.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Gender Difference, Teacher Sex, Student Sex, School Sex Type, Performance in Mathematics.

  References
  [1] D.P. Arum, T.A. Kusmayadi, I. Pramudya, “Students’ Logical-Mathematical Intelligence Profile,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 1008, pp. 1-9, 2018.
  [2] H.O. Ali, “Factors affecting Students’ Academic Performance in Mathematical Sciences Departments in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria,” From Knowledge to Wisdom, US – China Education Review, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 905-913, 2014.
  [3] N.C. Ikechukwu, “Gender inequality in education: Implications for socioeconomic development in Nigeria,” Sapientia Foundation Journal of Education, Sciences and Gender Studies, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 257-266, 2020.
  [4] T. Gazura, “An overview of Issues and Concepts in Gender Mainstreaming,” Afro Asian Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 1-21, 2017.
  [5] Commission of the European Communities, “Report on equality between men and women -2008,” DGESE Publisher, Luxembourg, 2008a.
  [6] J.K. Wangusi, I.O. Abuya, “Gender fairness initiative and performance of female journalists: A case of media industry in Kenya,” International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies, Vol. 6, Issue 2, pp. 1-8, 2020.
  [7] U. Harikrishnan, G.L. Sailo, “Challenges of school going adolescent: Perceptions of parents and teachers,” International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies, Vol. 6, Issue 2, pp. 12-15, 2020.
  [8] R.W. Connell, “Growing up Masculine: rethinking the significance of adolescence in the making of masculinities,” Irish Journal of Sociology, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 11-28, 2005.
  [9] U. Kessels, “Fitting into the stereotype: How gender-stereotyped perceptions of prototypic peers relate to liking school subjects,” European Journal of Psychology of Education, Vol. 20, pp. 309-323, 2005.
  [10] T.L. Adepoju, “A study of secondary school students’ academic performance at the Senior school Certificate Examination and implication for educational planning and policy in Nigeria,” An interdisciplinary Journal, Ethiopia, Vol.5, No. 6, 2011.
  [11] S.C. Ogu, “National Policy on Education and performance of Secondary School Students in Nigeria,” Scribd Ariticle, pp. 1-15, 2016.
  [12] A. Datnow, L. Hubbard, “Gender in policy and practice: Perspectives on single-sex and coeducational schooling,” Routledge and Falmer Publisher, New York, 2002.
  [13] L.J. Sax, L. J. “Women Graduates of Single-sex and Coeducational High Schools: Differences in their Characteristics and Transition to College,” Sudikoff Family Institute for Education and New Media Publisher, 2009.
  [14] L.R. Musgrave, “Liberal Feminism, from Law to Art: The Impact of Feminist Jurisprudence on Feminist Aesthetics,” Hypatia, Vol. 18 No. 4, pp. 214–235, 2003.
  [15] S. Acker, “Feminist Theory and the Study of Gender and Education,” International Journal of Early Childhood, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 419-435, 1987.
  [16] J. Spencer, “Making learning flow: Using Flow Theory as a framework for creative work and student engagement,” In the proceedings of 2017 Conference presentation of the Institute for Personalised Learning, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2017.
  [17]. J. Piaget, Theories of Learning, In P.H. Mussen (Ed.), Carmichael’s manual of child psychology, Vol. 1, (3rd ed.), John Wiley & Sons Inc. Publisher, New York, 1970.
  [18] L.I. Brown, G.Y. Kanyonko, “Gender differences in mathematics performance in Trinidad and Tobago: Examining affective factors,” International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 113-130, 2010.
  [19] A.O.A. Awofala, L.M. Nneji, “Effect of Framing and Team Assisted Individualized Instructional Strategies on Students’ Achievement in Mathematics,” African Journal for The Study of Educational Issues, Vol. 4, No. 3,4, pp. 75-89, 2011.
  [20] C. Nwihia, “Gender Difference in academic achievement of students in Kinankop Sub County, Nyandarua County, Kenya,” European Journal of Social Sciences Studies, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 19-35, 2020.
  [21] B.O.A. Raheem, “The influence of gender on secondary school students’ academic performance in South West, Nigeria,” Journal of Social Science, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 93-98, 2012.
  [22] K. Muhammed, “Gender Difference in Math Anxiety and Mathematics Performance of Secondary School Students in Bauchi State,” International Journal of Education and Evaluation, Vol. 3, No. 11, pp. 26-31, 2017.
  [23] I. Kennedy, O.E.A. Dickson, “The influence of gender on junior secondary school students’ attitude towards mathematics in Ovia North East Local Government Area of Edo State,” African Research Review, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 115-126, 2016.
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  [25] M. Csikszentmihalyi, “Finding flow: The psychology of engagement with everyday life, (1st ed.),” Basic Books Publishers, New York, P. 31, 1997.
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  Citation
  U.E. Onate, S.U. Umoren, "Effect of Gender Difference on the Mathematics Performance of Secondary School Students in Lokoja, Kogi-Nigeria," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.12, pp.48-54, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Surrogacy as a Contemporary Assisted Reproductive Technique and Its Social Implications

  E. Narh

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.12 , pp.55-59, Dec-2021

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  Abstract
  Pressure on the family to produce babies has forced people to resort to other means of producing babies. Until recently, the traditional sole means of procreation had been the normal process where babies are produced from sexual intercourse. In these contemporary times where novel family structures such as gay and lesbian couples have sprung up in multitudes, surrogacy which is an assisted reproductive technique has come to aid such couples and couples with fertility problems to also have their babies. This paper adopted the Social Strain Theory by Robert K. Merton in explaining why some individuals engage in surrogacy. This paper used articles obtained from academic databases and search engines following a search of topic headings related to the topic of this paper. A literature review was made with these articles to bring out the meaning of surrogacy, the types, and its social impacts. The literature revealed that surrogate mothers go through psychological stress due to the umbilical link to the resulting child. Others also have pregnancy complications that affect their reproductive system. Aside from these, this paper revealed that men who are unable to get women pregnant and engage in surrogacy can be seen as weak men which may lead to suicide, depression, and gender stereotypes. The paper concluded on the notion that surrogacy has gained social recognition even in countries where these practices are not accepted and so the social impacts which are mostly avoided by researchers should be looked at to avoid challenges in this practice.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Surrogacy, Assisted Reproductive Technology, Gestational Surrogacy, Traditional Surrogacy, Designing of babies, In Vitro Fertilization

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  Citation
  E. Narh, "Surrogacy as a Contemporary Assisted Reproductive Technique and Its Social Implications," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.12, pp.55-59, 2021