Volume-6 , Issue-3 , Jun 2018, ISSN 2348-3423 (Online) Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  Hydrodynamic Time Scale of Resonance in Intense Laser Irradiated Nano-Plasmaof Different Geometries

  Uday Chakravarty, Deepa Chaturvedi

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp.1-8, Jun-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v6i3.18

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  Absorption of intense ultra-short laser pulse 1015 W/cm2<

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Resonance, Nano-structures, Gas Clusters, Nano-rod, Nano-shell, Nano-tube, Elliptical Nano-cylinders, Hydrodynmaics of plasma, Ultrashort Lasers, Collisionless plasmas

  References
  [1] D. F. Price, R. M. More, R. S. Walling, G. Guethlein, R. L. Shepherd, R. E. Stewart, and W. E. White. "Absorption of ultra-short laser pulses by solid targets heated rapidly to temperatures 1–1000 eV."Physical review letters75, 252(1995).
  [2] T. Nishikawa, H. Nakano, K. Oguri, N. Uesugi, K. Nishio, and H. Masuda,“Nano-hole-array size dependence of soft x-ray generation enhancement from femtosecond-laser-produced plasma”, J. Appl. Phys.96, 7537 (2004).
  [3] T. Ditmire, J. W. G. Tisch, E. Springate, M. B. Mason, N. Hay, R. A. Smith, J. Marangos, and M. H. R. Hutchinson, “High-energy ions produced in explosions of superheated atomic clusters”,Nature 386, 54 (1997)
  [4] Y. Ji, G. Jiang, W.Wu, C. Wang, Y. Gu, and Y. Tang, “Efficient generation and transportation of energetic electrons in a carbon nano-tube array target”,Appl. Phys. Lett.96, 041504 (2010).
  [5] M. Dunne, "A high-power laser fusion facility for Europe." Nature Physics 2, 2-5 (2006).
  [6] S.A. Pikuz, O. V. Chefonov, S. V. Gasilov, P. S. Komarov, A. V. Ovchinnikov, I. Yu Skobelev, S. Yu Ashitkov, M. V. Agranat, A. Zigler, and A. Ya Faenov. "Micro-radiography with laser plasma X-ray source operating in air atmosphere."Laser and Particle Beams: pulse power & high energy densities28, 393-397 (2010).
  [7] J. C. Kieffer, A. Krol, Z. Jiang, C. C. Chamberlain, E. Scalzetti, and Z. Ichalalene, "Future of laser-based X-ray sources for medical imaging."Appl. Phys. B: Lasers Opt.74, S75 (2002).
  [8] L. Karsch, E. Beyreuther, W. Enghardt, M. Gotz, U. Masood, U. Schramm, K. Zeil, and J. Pawelke, “Towards ion beam therapy based on laser plasma accelerators”. Acta Oncologica, 56(11), pp.1359-1366, (2017).
  [9] H. M. Milchberg, and R. R. Freeman. "Light absorption in ultra-short scale length plasmas." JOSA B6, 1351-1355 (1989).
  [10] E. Parra, I. Alexeev, J. Fan, K. Y. Kim, S. J. McNaught, and H. M. Milchberg,"Hydrodynamic time scales for intense laser-heated clusters." J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 20, 118 ( 2003).
  [11] P. Mulser, and M. Kanapathipillai. "Collisionless absorption in clusters out of linear resonance."Physical Review A71, 063201 (2005).
  [12] U. Saalmann, and J.M. Rost. "Ionization of clusters in intense laser pulses through collective electron dynamics."Physical Review Letters91, 223401 (2003).
  [13] T. Nishikawa, S. Suzuki, Y. Watanabe, O. Zhou, H. Nakano, “Efficient water-window x-ray pulse generation from femtosecond-laser-produced plasma by using a carbon nano-tube target ”, Appl. Phys. B78, 885 (2004).
  [14] F. Dorchies, F. Blasco, C. Bonté, T. Caillaud, C. Fourment, and O. Peyrusse, “Observation of subpicosecond x-ray emission from laser-cluster interaction”,Phys. Rev. Lett.100, 205002 (2008).
  [15] M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, S. P. Gordon, J. Bokor, and E. N. Glytsis,“Efficient coupling of high-intensity subpicosecond laser pulses into solids”,Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 1068, (1993).
  [16] G. Kulcsar, D. AlMawlawi, F. W. Bundnik, P. R. Herman, M. Moskovits, L. Zhao, and R. S. Marjoribanks, “Intense picosecond x-ray pulses from laser plasmas by use of nano-structured “Velvet” targets”,Phys. Rev. Lett.84, 5149 (2000).
  [17] J. Yanling, G. Jiang, W. Wu, C. Wang, Y. Gu, and Y. Tang. "Efficient generation and transportation of energetic electrons in a carbon nanotube array target." Applied Physics Letters96, 041504-041504 (2010).
  [18] P. P. Rajeev, P. Ayyub, S. Bagchi, and G. R. Kumar, “Nano-structures, local fields, and enhanced absorption in intense light-matter interaction ”,Optics Letters29, 22 (2004).
  [19] T. Ditmire, T. Donnelly, A. M. Rubenchik, R. W. Falcone, and M. D. Perry, “Interaction of intense laser pulses with atomic clusters,”Phys. Rev. A. 53, 3379 (1996).
  [20] U. Chakravarty, P. A. Naik, and P. D. Gupta. "Electric field enhancement at multiple densities in laser-irradiated nanotube plasma."Pramana79, 443-456 (2012).
  [21] J. Zweiback, T. Ditmire, and M. D. Perry, “Femtosecond time-resolved studies of the dynamics of noble-gas cluster explosions”, Phys. Rev. A59, R3166 (1999).
  [22] M. Kumar, and V. K. Tripathi. "Nonlinear absorption and harmonic generation of laser in a gas with anharmonic clusters."Physics of Plasmas20, 023302 (2013).
  [23] U. Chakravarty, P.A. Naik, B.S. Rao, V. Arora, H. Singhal, G.M. Bhalerao, A.K. Sinha, P. Tiwari, and P.D. Gupta,"Enhanced soft X-ray emission from carbon nanofibers irradiated with ultra-short laser pulses."Appl. Phys. B103, 571 (2011).
  [24] D. Riley, L. A. Gizzi, A. J. Mackinnon, S. M. Viana, and O. Willi. "Absorption of high-contrast 12-ps uv laser pulses by solid targets."Physical Review E48, 4855 (1993).
  [25] R. C. Issac, G. Vieux, B. Ersfeld, E. Brunetti, S. P. Jamison, J. Gallacher, D. Clark,and D. A. Jaroszynski, "Ultra hard x rays from krypton clusters heated by intense laser fields."Phys. Plasmas 11, 3491 (2004).
  [26] U. Sharma, S.S. Chauhan, A.K. Sanyasi, K.K. Chaudhary, J.Sharma, andJ. Ghosh, , "Development of Experimental Setup for Plasma Facilities at SVITS" IJSRPAS, 3, 22-26 (2018).
  [27] K.E. Kuppan, K. Sakthiumurugesan“A study on the properties Synthesis ,Growth, spectral, structural, optical thermal studies of a new organic crystal & NLO applications of N-(tert-butyl)-4-(nitrophenyl imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-amine”, IJSRPAS, 6, 55-63 (2018).
  

  Citation
  Uday Chakravarty, Deepa Chaturvedi, "Hydrodynamic Time Scale of Resonance in Intense Laser Irradiated Nano-Plasmaof Different Geometries," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.3, pp.1-8, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Computer Program for obtaining theoretical X-ray Satellite Spectrum

  Falguni Shrivastava, Renuka Kendurkar, B.D. Shrivastava and Ramji Yadav

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp.9-17, Jun-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v6i3.917

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  A computer program has been developed in TURBO C++ to obtain theoretical X-ray satellite spectrum. Using the available theories for the origin of the X-ray satellite spectral lines, we calculate the energies and intensities of the different possible electronic transitions which give rise to the satellites. The energies and intensities of the transitions are fed in the developed computer program. The energy is taken as X and the intensity as Y. The position of each line is taken to be the energy of transition on X-axis and the height of each line is taken to be equal to the relative intensity on Y-axis. Each spectral line corresponding to a transition is taken as a Gaussian line. The data for each Gaussian line is computed by the program. The data for composite spectrum of all the electronic transitions, i.e., for the envelope of all the Gaussian curves is computed by the program. The data obtained as the output of the program is plotted as a graph, using software Origin. The graph obtained is the theoretical X-ray satellite spectrum. This theoretical spectrum is compared with the available experimental results and the origin of the satellites is explained. In the present paper, we are reporting the algorithm, the developed computer program and the outputs obtained using the program. The program is versatile and can be used to obtain any theoretical spectrum when the energies and intensities of the transitions giving rise to the spectrum are known.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Computer program in C++, X-ray satellites, spectra, Guassian curves, multiply ionized atom

  References
  [1] B D Shrivastava and Uma Shrivastava,
  2p3/2−13x−1–3x−13d3/2−1 x‐ray satellites in the Lα2 region, X-ray Spectrom., Vol. 34, pp179-182, 2005.
  [2] Uma Shrivastava, Some investigations in X-ray satellite spectra, Ph. D. Thesis (unpublished), Vikram University, Ujjain, pp.57-58, 2002.
  [3] Rajeev Trivedi, Some theoretical investigations in X-ray satellite spectra, Ph.D. Thesis, Vikram University, Ujjain, pp 68-69, 2008.
  [4] Renuka Kendurkar, Some investigations in X-ray satellite spectra, Ph.D. Thesis (unpublished), Vikram University, Ujjain,pp.22 & 66, 2010.
  [5] M R Spiegel, , Theory and Problems of Statistics, Schaum’s Outline Series, pp122, 1981.
  [6] F Parente, M H Chen, B Crasemann and H Mark, L X-ray satellite energies , At. Data Nucl. Data Tables, 26, pp 383, 1981.
  

  Citation
  Falguni Shrivastava, Renuka Kendurkar, B.D. Shrivastava and Ramji Yadav, "Computer Program for obtaining theoretical X-ray Satellite Spectrum," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.3, pp.9-17, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Parity dependence of Nuclear Level Density

  A. Badola, S.K. Singhal, M. Bhatnagar

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp.18-24, Jun-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v6i3.1824

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  The knowledge parity dependent nuclear level density (E, J, π) is very essential in low energy nuclear physics as it is used to evaluate nuclear cross-sections in nuclear reaction calculations. At low excitation energies, astrophysical reaction rates are sensitive to the parity distribution. However, the information of level density is confined to a rather small region of excitation energy, angular momentum and parity. Several theoretical studies have shown that at low energies there is a dominance of one type of parity and near the particle separation energy that parity ratio only approaches to an equal distribution. An accurate determination of nuclear level density and its dependence on mass number, excitation energy, angular momentum, parity, etc. is necessary for precise prediction of cross sections using the statistical models. In the present work, an absolute asymmetry parameter is used to determine the level density of negative as well as for positive parity states by using s- and p- wave (D0 and D1) neutron level spacing. The systematic are investigated from 23 < A < 238 and compared to the pattern found in previous investigations. The present analysis also provides useful information on various resonance parameters at different nuclear mass regions with results that support the original conclusions.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Parity; Thermal and statistical models; Level density

  References
  [1] B. V. Rao and H M Agrawal, “Nucl. Phys. A”, Vol. 592, Issue 1, 1995.
  [2] A. I. Blokhin and A. V. Ignatyuk, “Sov. J. Nucl. Phys.”, Vol. 23, Issue 31, 1976.
  [3] A. Mengoni, F. Fabbri, and G. Maino, “Nuovo Cimento”, Vol. 94A, Issue 297, 1986.
  [4] S. M. Grimes, “Phys. Rev. C”, Vol. 38, Issue 2362, 1988.
  [5] N. Cerf “Nucl. Phys. A”, Vol. 554, Issue 85, 1993.
  [6] N. Cerf “Phys. Rev. C”, Vol 49, Issue 852, 1994.
  [7] G. H. Lang, C. W. Johnson, S. E. Koonin, and W. E. Ormand, “Phys. Rev. C”, Vol. 48, Issue 1518, 1993.
  [8] Y. Alhassid, D. J. Dean, S. E. Koonin, G. Lang and W. E. Ormand, “Phys. Rev. Lett.”, Vol. 72, Issue 613, 1994.
  [9] S. J. Lokitz, G. E. Mitchell and J. F. Shriner, “Phys. Rev. C”, Vol. 71, Issue 064315, 2005.
  [10] S. K. Singhal and H. M. Agarwal, “Nucl. Phys. A”, Vol. 853, Issue 26, 2011.
  [11] H. Nakada and Y. Alhassid, “Phys. Rev. Lett.”, Vol. 79, Issue 2939, 1997.
  [12] K. Tanabe, K. Sugawara-Tanabe and H. J. Mang, “Nucl. Phys. A”, Vol. 357, Issue 20, 1981.
  [13] D. Bucurescu and T. H. Von Egidy, “J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.”, Vol. 31, Issue S1675, 2005.
  [14] G. Maino, E. Menapace and A. Ventura “Nuovo Cimento”, Vol 57A, Issue 427, 1980.
  [15] V. Benzi, G. Aino and E. Menapace, “Nuovo Cimento”, Vol. 66A Issue 1, 1981.
  [16] V. G. Soloviev, C. Stoyanov and A. I. Vdovin, “Nucl. Phys. A”, Vol. 224, Issue 411, 1974.
  [17] A. I. Blokhin and A. V. Ignatyuk, “Sov. J. Nucl. Phys.”, Vol. 23, Issue 31, 1976.
  [18] S. F. Mughabghab, “Atlas of neutron resonances: Resonance Parameters and Thermal Cross Sections Z=1-100”, Elsevier (5th ed.), New York 2006.
  [19] Y. Alhassid, G. F. Bertsch, S. Liu and H. Nakada, “Phys. Rev. Lett.”, Vol. 84, Issue 4313, 2000.
  [20] H. Uhrenholt, S. Aberg, P. Moller and T. Ichikawa, arXiv:0901.1087v2 2009.
  [21] D. Mocelj, “Phys. Rev. C”, Vol 75, Issue 045805, 2007.
  [22] S. I. Al-Quraishi, S. M. Grimes, T. N. Massey and D. A. Resler, “Phys. Rev. C”, Vol. 67, Issue 015803, 2003.
  [23] U. Agvaanluvsan, G. E. Mitchell, J. F. Shriner and M. Pato, “Phys. Rev. C”, Vol. 67, Issue 64608, 2003.
  [24] Y. Kalmykov, “Phys. Rev. Lett.”, Vol. 99, Issue 202502, 2007.
  [25] T. Rauscher, “Private Communication”, 2003.
  [26] A. Gilbert and A. G. W. Cameron, “Can. J. of Phys.”, Vol. 43(8), Issue 1446, 1965.
  [27] T. Kawano, S. Chiba and H. Koura, “J. Nucl. Sci. Tech.”, Vol. 43(1), Issue 1 2006.
  

  Citation
  A. Badola, S.K. Singhal, M. Bhatnagar, "Parity dependence of Nuclear Level Density," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.3, pp.18-24, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Effect of bismuth sulfide on the electrical properties of polyethylene oxide based polymer electrolyte

  Manoj Kumar

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp.25-30, Jun-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v6i3.2530

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  Polymer electrolytes based on the polyethylene oxide and ammonium perchlorate (PEO: NH4ClO4) dispersed with bismuth sulfide are successfully prepared by in situ method. The electrical characterization of different samples is done by complex impedance spectroscopy, conductivity dispersion curve and Wagner polarization technique. Complex impedance plots are the semicircles and the intercept on the real axis showed the value of the bulk conductivities (10-6 - 10-5 S/cm-1) of the different polymeric samples. The overall conductivity of polymer electrolyte is enhanced with the dispersal of bismuth sulfide, peaks at 6 wt. % then decreases which could be explained by Bunde et al model. Detailed I-V studies show n-type behavior of dispersoid in the composite.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Polymer electrolyte composites, complex impedance spectroscopy, bulk electrical conductivity

  References
  [1] P.V. Wright, “Electrical conductivity in ionic complexes of poly(ethylene oxide),” British Polymer Journal. vol 7: pp.319-327,1975.
  [2] D.E. Fenton, J.M. Parker, P.V. Wright, “Complexes of alkali metal ions with poly(ethylene oxide)”, Polymer. 14 pp. 589-589, 1973.
  [3] J.R. MacCallum, C.A. Vincent, “Polymer Electrolyte Reviews”, 1, 2, Elsevier, New York 1989, 1991.
  [4] S. Chandra. “Superionic solids: Principles and Applications”, North Holland, Amsterdam. 1981.
  [5] A.F. Nogueira, J.R. Durrant, M.A. De Paoli. “Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline Solar Cells Employing a Polymer Electrolyte”, Advanced Materials, Vol.13 pp.826-830, 2001.
  [6] A. Chandra, S. Chandra, “Experimental observation of large-size fractals in ion-conducting polymer electrolyte films”, Physical Review B. Vol.49, pp.633-636, 1994.
  [7] S. A. Hashmi, A. Kumar and K. K. Maurya et.al, “Proton-conducting polymer electrolyte I, The polyethylene oxide+NH4ClO4 system”, Journal Physics. D, Vol.23 pp.1307-1314, 1990.
  [8] W. Wang, P. Alexandridis, “Composite Polymer Electrolytes: Nanoparticles Affect Structure and Properties”, Polymers, Vol.8, pp.387, 2016.
  [9] A. Arya, A.L. Sharma, “Conductivity and Stability Properties of Solid Polymer Electrolyte Based on PEO-PAN + LiPF6 for Energy Storage”, Applied Science Letter, Vol.2, pp.72-75, 2016.
  [10] R.J. Sengwa, S. Choudhary, P. Dhatarwal, “Influences of ultrasonic- and microwave-irradiated preparation methods on the structural and dielectric properties of (PEO–PMMA)–LiCF3SO3–x wt% MMT nocomposite electrolytes” Ionics, Vol.2, pp. 95-109, 2015.
  [11] A. Arya, A.L. Sharma and S. Sharma et.al. “Role of low salt concentration on electrical conductivity in blend polymeric films”, Journal integrated Science & Technology, Vol.4, pp.17-20, 2016.
  [12] M. Kumar and S.S. Sekhon, “Role of plasticizer`s dielectric constant on conductivity modification of PEO–NH4F polymer electrolytes. European Polym J. Vol.38, pp.1297-1304, 2002.
  [13] A. Arya, A.L. Sharma. “Polymer electrolytes for lithium ion batteries”, a critical study, Ionics, Vol.23: Issue 3, pp.497-540, 2017.
  [14] A. Chandra P.K. Singh, S. Chandra. ”Semiconductor-dispersed polymer electrolyte composites”, Solid State Ionics, Vol.154, pp.15-20, 2002.
  [15] P.K. Singh, S. Chandra and A. Chandra, “Polymer electrolyte composites with dispersed semiconductors”, Journal of Material Science Letter, Vol.21, pp.1393-1395, 2002.
  [16] M. Kumar, A. Chandra, “In situ production of CuS particles in polymer electrolyte matrix for mixed ion+electron conduction”, Ionics”, Vol.16, pp.849-853 2010.
  [17] M. Kumar, “Synthesis, electrical and thermal properties of PEO: NH4ClO4-camphor sulfonic acid-doped polyaniline composite”, Materials Express. Vol.7: pp.223-229, 2017.
  [18] M. Kumar, J.P. Sharma, “Electrical and Optical Studies of PVA Based Polymer Gel”, Electrolytes” Material focus Vol.5, pp.1-6, 2016
  [19] J. Maier, “Enhancement of the Ionic Conductivity in Solid-Solid-Dispersions by Surface Induced Defects”, Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem, Vol.88, pp.1057-1062, 1984.
  [20] A. Bunde, W. Dietrich, E. Roman, Dispersed ionic conductors and percolation theory. Physical Review Letter. Vol.55, pp.5-8, 1985.
  [21] C. Wagner. proc. 7th meeting C.I.T.C.E., Lindau, Butterwords, Londan, pp. 361, 1957.
  

  Citation
  Manoj Kumar, "Effect of bismuth sulfide on the electrical properties of polyethylene oxide based polymer electrolyte," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.3, pp.25-30, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Assessment of age-dependent Uranium intake due to drinking water in Neendakara, Kollam District Kerala

  S. Monica

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp.31-34, Jun-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v6i3.3134

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  Exposure due to natural radiation is of particular importance because it accounts for the largest contribution (nearly 85 %) to the total collective dose of the world population. An attempt has been made to present the feasibility of uranium occurrence in drinking water samples collected from the coastal regions of Neendakara, Kollam district ,Kerala using Ultraviolet(UV) fluorimeter. The associated age-dependent radiation dose was estimated by taking the prescribed water intake values of different age groups.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  LED Fluorimeter, Quantalase

  References
  [1]World Health Organization. Guidelinesfor Drinking Water Quality, Health Criteria and other SupportingInformation. 3rd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization;2003.
  [2]. IAEA, BSS. International basic safety standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for safety of radiation sources. Safety Series No. 115 International Atomic Energy Agency (1996).
  [3]Bronzovic, M. and Marovic, G. Age-dependent dose assessment of Ra-226 from bottled water intake.Health Phys. 88(5), 480–485 (2005).
  [4] Dietary reference intakes for Water, Food and Nutrition Board. Institute of Medicine.National Academies Press, Available on www.npa.edu.
  [5] Sahoo SK, Mohapatra S, Chakrabarty A, Sumesh CG, Jha VN, Tripathi RM, et al. Distribution of uranium in drinking water and associated age‑dependent radiation dose in India. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2009;136:108‑13.
  [6] Rana BK, Dhumale MR, Lenka P, Sahoo K, Ravi PM, Tripathi RM. A study of natural uranium content in groundwater around Tummalapalle uranium mining and processing facility, India. J Radioanal Nucl Chem2016;307:1499-506.
  [7] AERB Safety Guidelines; Radiological Safety in Uranium Mining and Milling Guidelines No. AERB/FE‑FCF/SG‑2; 2007.
  

  Citation
  S. Monica, "Assessment of age-dependent Uranium intake due to drinking water in Neendakara, Kollam District Kerala," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.3, pp.31-34, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Effect of Re-correction in the Recoil Energy on K and L-shell X-ray Production Cross-Section by Proton Induced

  P.K. Prajapati

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp.35-39, Jun-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v6i3.3539

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  Proton induced x-ray emission (PIXE) by proton beam is one of the very important technique to find out concentration of element present in the sample. Elemental analyses of low Z element by K-x-ray and heavy element (28 < Z < 92) is being done by L- shell x-ray for this, reliable values of K and L X-ray production cross-sections are important. The quantity of the element is directly related to K and L- shell x-ray production cross section. In present work K and L x-ray production cross section has been calculated to remove discrepancy between theory and available experimental data, by ECPSSR theory for target for Cr, Zn and Pb with correction of recoil energy of the proton in energy range 1.0-1.3 MeV. In ion- atom collision, although the recoil energy for low mass ions is not significant but we have seen a significant effect of recoil energy of proton in K and L shell x-ray production cross-section.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  PIXE, X-ray cross-section, ECPSSR theory,Characteristics X-ray,Recoil Energy,Ion-atom collision

  References
  [1] S.A.E. Johanson, J.L. Campbell, PIXE A Novel Technique for Elemental Analysis ,John Wiley &Sons,1988.
  [2] P.K.Prajapati “Effect of re-correction in the recoil energy of Projectile for the X-ray Production cross-section by low Energy Proton” Proceedings of the DAE Symposium on Nuclear Physics India. Vol. 62, pp. 620-621, 2017.
  [3] E. Batyrbekov,I.Gorlachev,I.Ivanov,A.Platov “K-, L- and M-shell x-ray production cross sections by 1–1.3 MeV protons”,Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B vol. 325 pp. 84–88 , 2014.
  [4] P.K.Prajapati,N.Sharma,CMajumder,SS.Tiwary,S.Chakraborty,H.P.Sharma “Investigation of Screening effect on production of K-shell X-ray by low energy Proton” Proceedings of the DAE Symposium on Nuclear Physics India,Vol. 60, pp. 484-485, 2015.
  [5] J.d.Garcia “Ineer –Shell Ionization by Proton impact”, Physical Review A Vol. 1 pp. 280-285, 1970.
  [6] W. Brandt and G. Lapicki , “Energy-loss effect in inner-shell Coulomb ionization by heavy charged particles”, Physical Review A Vol. 23, pp. 1717-1727, 1970.Phys, 1981.
  [7] Grzegorz Lapicki and William Losonsky, “Coulomb deflection in ion-atom collisions” ,Physical Review A Vol.20 pp. 481-490 ,1979
  [8] H.Paul Z. Phys.D-Atoms,Molecule and Clusters Vol.4, pp. 249-252,1987.
  [9] Campbell J.L. . “Fluorescence yields and Coster-Kronig probabilities for the atomic L subshells”, Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, Vol. 85, pp. 291-315, 2003.
  [10] Krause M.O. “Atomic Radiative and Radiationless Yields for K and L shells”J.Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol.8 No.2, pp.307-327, 1979.
  [11] Vladimir Horvat “ ERCS08:A FORTRAN program equipped with a Window graphics user interface that calculate ECPSSR cross section for the removal of atomic electron” ,Computer Physics communication Vol. 180, pp. 995-1003, 2009.
  [12] S.I. Salem, “ Experimental K and L shell relative emission rate”,Atomic and Nuclear data tables, Vol.14, pp. 91-109 ,1974.
  [13] J.H. Scofield “ Relativistic Hartree-Slater values for K and L X-ray emission rates”, Atomic and Nuclear data tables,Vol.14, pp. 121-137 1974.
  [14] Cohen D.D., Harrigan M. “K shell and L shell Ionization cross section by proton and helium ions calculated in the ECPSSR theory”. Atomic and Nuclear data tables, Vol.33, pp. 255 ,1985.
  [15] P.K.Prajapati “L shell and M shell X-ray Production Cross-section for Pb and Au by low energy Proton impact” Proceedings of the DAE Symposium on Nuclear Physics India. Vol. 59, pp. 580-581, 2014.
  [16] P.K. Prajapati, "Investigation of Screening Effect on L- sub shell X-ray Production Cross-Sections by Low Energy Proton for PIXE Application", International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.1, pp.43-45, 2018
  [17] J.P.J.Driessen,F.J.M. de van de Weijer,M.J Zonneveld,L.M.T.Somer,M.F.M.Janssens,H.C.W.Beijerinck,and b.J.Verhaar “Polarization Effect in the Ionization Cross section for Collision of Ne**with Ar:a sensitive Probe for Locking Phenomena”
  Physical Review A Vol.62.No.20, pp.2369-2372. 1989.
  

  Citation
  P.K. Prajapati, "Effect of Re-correction in the Recoil Energy on K and L-shell X-ray Production Cross-Section by Proton Induced," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.3, pp.35-39, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure Studies of Transition Metal Complexes of O-Phenylenediamine and Substituted Aniline Ligand

  Kamaljeet S. Sura, A. Mishra, S. Patidar, S. Mohammad

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp.40-44, Jun-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v6i3.4044

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  The present paper deals with the synthesis of transition metal complexes of Copper by chemical rout method. The complexes have been synthesized by condensation of o-phenylenediamine, diethyl malonate and diazonium ion in the ethanolic medium, through refluxing with Cu (II) metal salt. Synthesized metal complexes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and studied by X-ray absorption structure (XAS) spectroscopy. The XAS technique includes XANES (X-ray Absorption near Edge structure) and EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) spectroscopy. XANES spectra have been recorded at the K-edge of Cu using the dispersive EXAFS (DEXAFS) beam line at 2.5GeV Indus-2 synchrotron radiation source RRCAT, Indore, India. The XANES data have been analysed using the computer software Athena. These have been used to determine the chemical shift, edge width, and nature of complexes. XRD analysis shows that sample is crystalline in nature. The XRD pattern is made by using Bruker D-8 advance instrument.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  XRD, XANES, chemical shift,edge width

  References
  R.H. Holm, G.W. Everett, A. Chakravorty, “Prog. Inorg. Chem. 7” (1966) 83
  [2] W. Zhang, J.L. Loebach, S.R. Wilson, E.N. Jacobsen, “J. Am. Chem. Soc”. 112 (1990) 2801
  [3] R.D. Jones, D.A. Summerville, F. Basolo, “Chem. Rev. “79 (1979)139
  [4] A. Vogler, H. Kunkely, “Coord. Chem. Rev.” 177 (1998) 81.
  [5] J.-L. Serrano, L. Oriol, “Adv. Mater.” 7 (1995) 365.
  [6] L. Mao, K. Yamamato, W. Zhou, L. “Jin, Electroanalysis” 12 (2000) 72.
  [7] K. Chichak, U. Jacquembard, N.R. Branda, “Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.” 8 (2002) 357.
  [8] L.H. Vogt, H.M. Faigenbaum, S. Wiberly, “Chem. Rev.” 63 (1963) 269
  [9] S.J. Gruber, C.M. Harris, E. Sinn, “J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem.” 30 (1968) 1805
  [10] Thompson K H, B¨ohmerle K, Polishchuk E, Martins C, Toleikis P, Tse J, Yuen V,Mcneill J H and Orvig C 2004 “Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry” 98 2063
  [11] Hothi H S, Makkar A, Sharma J R & Manrao M R 2006 “Eur J Med Chem “41 253
  [12] Zhang S, Tu C, and Wang X 2004 “European Journal of Chemistry” 98 4028
  [13] Dutta S, Murugkar A, Gandhe N, and Padhye S 2001 “Metal-Based Drugs” 8 183
  [14] E. A. Stern,in “x.ray absorption principles and applications, techniques of xafs, sexafs in addition,xanes“edited by (D. C. Koningsberger and Prins. New York. 1988) chi.
  

  Citation
  Kamaljeet S. Sura, A. Mishra, S. Patidar, S. Mohammad, "X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure Studies of Transition Metal Complexes of O-Phenylenediamine and Substituted Aniline Ligand," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.3, pp.40-44, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Spectroscopic properties of Nd³⁺-doped barium phosphate glasses for Laser application

  P. Ravi, N. Vijaya, N. Krishna Mohan

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp.45-49, Jun-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v6i3.4549

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  Barium phosphate glasses doped with varying Nd3+ ions concentration were prepared by melt quenching method and characterized through absorption and luminescence measurements. Judd-Ofelt (JO) intensity parameters were derived from the absorption spectrum of 1.0 mol % Nd2O3 -doped glass. Nd3+ ions exhibit strong near infrared luminescence at 1.06 μm (4F3/2 → 4I11/2) has been obtained for all the glasses upon 808 nm diode laser excitation. Obtained JO parameters and refractive index are used to calculate the radiative properties, such as effective bandwidth (λeff, nm), emission cross-section (σemi, cm2), radiative transition probabilities (AR, s-1) and branching ratio (βR) for the 4F3/2 →4IJ/2 (where J = 9, 11 and 13) transitions of Nd3+ ions. Among three transitions 4F3/2 → 4I11/2 shows higher value of stimulated emission cross-section and branching ratio indicates that the present glasses could be useful for the development of NIR laser at around 1.06 µm.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Glasses, Nd³⁺ ions, Judd–Ofelt analysis, Radiative properties, emission

  References
  [1] J. H. Choi, F. G. Shi, A. Margaryan, A. Margaryan “Spectroscopic properties of Yb3+ in heavy metal contained fluorophosphate glasses” Material Research Bulletin, 40, pp. 2189, 2005.
  [2] H. Kalaycioglu, H. Cankaya, G. Ozen, L. Ovecoglu, A. Sennaroglu, “Lasing at 1065 nm in bulk Nd3+-doped telluride-tungstate glass” Optics Communication, Vol.281, Issue. 24, pp. 6056-6060, 2008.
  [3] E.M. Yoshimura, C.N. Santos, A. Ibanez, A.C. Hernandes, “Thermoluminescent and optical absorption properties of neodymium doped yttrium aluminoborate and yttrium calcium borate glasses” Optical Materials, Vol. 31, Issue 6, pp.795–799, 2009.
  [4] A.P. Silva, A.P. Carmo, V. Anjos, M.J.V. Bell, L.R.P. Kassab, R.A. Pinto, “Temperature coefficient of optical path of tellurite glasses doped with gold nanoparticles” Optical Materials,. Volume. 34, Issue.1, 239-243, 2011.
  [5] V. Venkatramu, P. Babu, C. K.Jayasankar, Th. Tröster, G. Wortmann “Optical spectroscopy of Sm3+ ions in phosphate and fluorophosphate glasses” Optical Materials, Volume. 29, Issue. 11, pp. 1429-1439, 2007.
  [6] R. Vijaya, V. Venkatramu, P. Babu, C.K. Jayasankar, U.R. Rodríguez-Mendoza, V. Lavín, “Spectroscopic properties of Sm3+ ions in phosphate and fluorophosphate glasses”, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Vol. 365, Issue. 18, pp.85–92, 2013.
  [7] B. Qian, X. Liang, C.Wang, S. Yang, “Structure and properties of calcium iron phosphate glasses” Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol.443, Issue. 1-3, 140–144, 2013.
  [8] P.A. Bingham, R.J. Hand, O.M. Hannant, S.D. Forder, S.H. Kilcoyne, “Effects of modifier additions on the thermal properties, chemical durability, oxidation state and structure of iron phosphate glasses” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,Vol.355, Issue.28-30, pp.1526-1538, 2009.
  [9] M. Lu, F. Wang, K. Chen, Y. Dai, Q. Liao, H. Zhu, “The crystallization and structure features of barium-iron phosphate glasses” Spectrochimica Acta Part A. Vol. 148, Issue 1, pp.1-6 2015.
  [10] J.H. Campbell, J.S. Hayden, A.J. Marker, “High-Power Solid-State Lasers: a gaser glass perspective” International Journal of Applied Glass Science Vol.2 Issue.1, pp. 3–29, 2011.
  [11] B.R. Judd, “Optical absorption intensities of rare earth ions” Physical Review, Vol.127, Issue.3, pp. 750-761, 1962.
  [12] G.S. Ofelt, “Intensities of crystal spectra of rare-earth ions”. J. of Chem. Phys., Vol. 37, Issue.3 pp. 511-520, 1962.
  [13] N.Chanthima, J.Kaewkhao, Y. Tariwong, N. Sangwaranatee and N.W. Sangwaranatee, “Luminescence study and Judd-Ofelt analysis of CaO-BaO-P2O5 glass doped with Nd3+ ions”, Material Today Proceedings Vol 4, pp. 6091-6098, 2017.
  [14] K. Linganna, C.S.DwarakaViswanath, R.Narro-Garcia, S.Ju, W.T.Han, C.K. Jayasankar, V.Venkatramu, “Thermal and optical properties of Nd3+ ions in K–Ca–Al fluorophosphates glasses”, Journal of Luminescence., Vol. 166, pp. 328–334, 2015.
  [15] R.Narro-García, H. Desirena, T. López-Luke, J. Guerrero-Contreras, C. K. Jayasankar, R. Quintero-Torres, E. De la Rosa, “Spectroscopic properties of Eu3+ / Nd3+ co-doped phosphate glasses and opaque glass-ceramics”, Journal of Optical Materials Vol 46,pp.34-39, 2015.
  [16] V.M. Martins, D.N. Messias, J.L. Doualan, A. Braud, P. Camy, N.O. Dantas, T. Catunda, V. Pilla, A.A. Andrade, R. Moncorgé, “Thermo-optical properties of Nd3+ doped phosphate glass determined by thermal lens and lifetime measurements”, Journal of Luminescence, Vol. 162, pp.104-107, 2015.
  [17] Kirti Nanda, Neelam Berwal, R.S. Kundu, R. Punia, N. Kishore, “Effect of doping of Nd3+ ions in BaO-TeO2-B2O3 glasses: A vibrational and optical study”, Journal of. Molecular Structure Vol 1088, pp.147-154 , 2015.
  [18] C.Pérez-Rodríguez, L.L. Martín, S.F. León-Luis, I.R. Martín, K. Kiran Kumar, C.K. Jayasankar, “Relevance of radiative transfer processes on Nd3+ doped phosphate glasses for temperature sensing by means of the fluorescence intensity ratio technique”, Journal of Sensors and Actuators B Vol 195, pp.324-331, 2014.
  [19] Ying Tian, Junjie Zhang, Xufeng Jing, Shiqing Xu, “Optical absorption and near infrared emissions of Nd3+ doped fluorophosphates glass”, Journal of Spectrochemica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy Vol 98, pp.355-358, 2012.
  [20] G. Gupta, A. D. Sontakke, P. Karmakar, K. Biswas, S. Balaji, R. Saha, R. Sen, K. Annapurna, “Influence of bismuth on structural, elastic and spectroscopic properties of Nd3+ doped Zinc–Boro-Bismuthate glasses” Journal of Luminescence, Vol. 149, Issue. 1, pp. 163–169, 2014
  [21] W. T. Carnall P.R. Fields, K. Rajnak, “Electronic Energy Levels in the Trivalent Lanthanide Aquo Ions. I. Pr3+, Nd3+, Pm3+, Sm3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, and Tm3+”, The Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 49, Issue.10, pp. 4424-, 1968.
  [22] S. Surendra Babu, R. Rajeswari, K.Jang, C. E. Jin, K. Hyuk Jang, H. J. Seo, C.K. Jayasankar, “Spectroscopic investigations of 1.06 μm emission in Nd3+-doped alkali niobium zinc tellurite glasses”, Journal of Luminescence, Vol. 130, Issue.6, pp.1021–1025, 2010.
  [23] S. Surendra Babu, P. Babu, C. K. Jayasankar, A. S. Joshi, A. Speghiniand M. Bettinelli, “Luminescence and optical absorption properties of Nd3+ ions in K–Mg–Al phosphate and fluorophosphates glasses”, Journal of. Physics: Condensed Matter 18 (2006) 3975–3991.
  [24] S.S. Wang, Y. Zhou, Y.L. Lam, C.H. Kam, Y.C. Chan, X. Yao, “Fabrication and characterisation of neodymium-doped silica glass by sol-gel process” Material Research Innovations Vol.1, Issue. 2, pp. 92–96, 1997.
  [25] K. Binnemans,R. Van Duen, C. Görller-Walrand,J.L. Adam, “Optical properties of Nd3+-doped fluorophosphate glasses”. Journal of. Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 455, Issue.1 pp. 275-277, 1998.
  [26] C. Gorller-Walrand, K. Binnemans, in: K.A. Gschneidner, L. Eyring (Eds.), “Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths”, North-Holland, Amsterdam, Vol. 25, pp. 101–264, 1998.
  [27] D. Ramachari, L. Rama Moorthy a, C.K. Jayasankar, “Optical absorption and emission properties of Nd3+-doped oxyfluorosilicate glasses for solid state lasers”, Infrared Physics and Technology, Vol. 67, pp.555–559, 2014.
  [28] I. Pal, A. Agarwal, S. Sanghi, M.P. Aggarwal, S. Bhardwaj, “Fluorescence and radiative properties of Nd3+ ions doped zinc bismuth silicate glasses” Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol. 587, pp. 332–338, 2014
  [29] C.R. Kesavulu, H.J. Kim, S.W. Lee, J. Kaewkhao, N. Wantana, E. Kaewnuam, S. Kothan, S. Kaewjaeng, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 695, pp. 590–598, 2017.
  [30] R. Reisfeld, C.K. Jorgensen, Lasers and Excited States of Rare-Earths, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1977.
  [31] M.J. Weber, in: K.A. Gscheneidner Jr., L. Eyring (Eds.), “Hand Book on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths”, North-Holland, New York, 1979.
  [32] A A. Kaminiski, “Laser Crystals: Their Physics and Properties”, Berlin: Springer, 1975.
  [33] R. Reisfeld, C.K. Jorgensen, in: “Handbook of Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths, Excited State Phenomena in Vitreous Materials”, Ch. 58, Elsevier Science, Publishers B.V., Amsterdam, 1987 and references there in.,
  [34] K. Upendra Kumar, V.A. Prathysha, P. Babu, C.K. Jayasankar, A.S. Joshi, A. Speghini, M. Bettinelli, “Fluorescence properties of Nd3+-doped tellurite glasses”, Spectrochimica Acta Part A, Vol. 67, Issue. 3-4. pp. 702-708, 2007.
  [35] J. Wang, L. Reckie, W.S. Brocklesby, Y.T. Chow, D.N. Payne, Fabrication, “spectroscopy and laser performance of Nd3+-doped lead-silicate glass fibers”, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Vol. 180, Issue. 2-3, pp.207-216, 1995.
  

  Citation
  P. Ravi, N. Vijaya, N. Krishna Mohan, "Spectroscopic properties of Nd³⁺-doped barium phosphate glasses for Laser application," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.3, pp.45-49, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Effect of Ni doping on the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of ZnO nanostructured dye sensitized solar cells

  Harpreetpal Singh, Vijay Kumar

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp.50-54, Jun-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v6i3.5054

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  In this work, pure and Ni-doped ZnO nanostructures with dopant concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%) of Ni are successfully prepared via flame synthesis. The as-synthesized nanostructures are characterized using TEM, XRD, and FTIR spectrophotometer. Further the application of Ni doped ZnO nanostructures in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is investigated. The photovoltaic performance of DSSCs with photoanode of Ni doped ZnO nanostructures show the increase in efficiency from 3.76 % (ZnO) to 5.01 % and 5. 65 % with the dopant (Ni2+) concentration 2 % and 4% respectively. With the further increase in dopant concentration (6%) decrease in efficiency (3.53%) is observed, which may be due to increase in particle size and Burstein-Moss effect.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  ZnO, flame synthesis, DSSC

  References
  [1] R. J. Martín-Palma , M. Manso and V. Torres-Costa, “Optical Biosensors Based on Semiconductor Nanostructures”, Sensors, Vol.9, Issue.7, pp.5149-5172, 2009.
  [2] L. Samuelson, C. Thelander, M.T. Bjork, M. Borgstrom, K. Deppert, K.A. Dick, A.E. Hansen, T. Martensson, N. Panev, A. I. Persson, W. Seifert, N. Skold, M.W. Larsson, L.R. Wallenberg, “Semiconductor nanowires for 0D and 1D physics and applications”, Physica E, Vol.25, pp.313–318, 2004.
  [3] R.K. Das, “Application of metal compound nanomaterials in quantum dot Sensitized solar cells (QDSSC)”, International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.5, pp.16-18, 2017.
  [4] R. Kumar, A. Umar, G. Kumar, H. S. Nalwa, A. Kumar, M.S. Akhtar, "Zinc oxide nanostructure-based dye-sensitized solar cells", Journal of Materials Science, Vol.52, Issue.9, pp.4743–4795, 2017.
  [5] T. Marimuthu, N. Anandhan, R. Thangamuthu, S. Surya, “Facile growth of ZnO nanowire arrays and nanoneedle arrays with flower structure on ZnO-TiO2 seed layer for DSSC applications”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol.693, pp.1011-1019, 2017.
  [6] T.P. Chou, Q. Zhang, G.E. Fryxell, G. Cao, “Hierarchically Structured ZnO Film for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Enhanced Energy Conversion Efficiency”, Advanced Materials, Vol. 19, pp. 2588, 2007.
  [7] K.S. Kim, H. Song, S.H. Nam, S.M. Kim, H. Jeong, W.B. Kim, G.Y. Jung, “Fabrication of an efficient light-scattering functionalized photoanode using periodically aligned ZnO hemisphere crystals for dye-sensitized solar cells”, Advanced Materials, Vol.24, pp.792, 2012.
  [8] J. Qu, Y. Yang, Q. Wu, P.R. Coxon, Y. Liu, X. He, K. Xi, N. Yuan, J. Ding, “Hedgehog-like hierarchical ZnO needle-clusters with superior electron transfer kinetics for dye-sensitized solar cells”, RSC Advances, Vol.4, pp.11430, 2014.
  [9] D. Akcan, A. Gungor, L. Arda, “Structural and optical properties of Na-doped ZnO films”, Journal of Molecular Structure, Vol.1161, pp.299-305, 2018.
  [10] J. Duan, Q. Xiong, J. Hu, H. Wang, “Electric-Field- Assisted Growth of Ga-Doped ZnO Nanorods Arrays for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells”, Journal of Power and Energy Engineering, Vol. 3, pp.11-18, 2015.
  [11] H. Wang, R. Bhattacharjee, I.M. Hung, L. Li, R. Zeng, “Material characteristics and electrochemical performance of Sn-doped ZnO spherical-particle photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cells”, Electrochimica Acta,Vol.111, pp.797-801, 2013.
  [12] S. Ameen, M.S. Akhtar, H.K. Seo, Y.S. Kim, H.S. Shin, “ Influence of Sn doping on ZnO nanostructures from nanoparticles to spindle shape and their photoelectrochemical properties for dye sensitized solar cells”, Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol.187, pp.351-356, 2012.
  [13] B.N. Pawar, G. Cai, D. Ham, R.S. Mane, T. Ganesh, A. Ghule, R. Sharma, K.D. Jadhava, S. H. Han, “Preparation of transparent and conducting boron- doped ZnO electrode for its application in dye-sensitized solar cells”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Vol.93, pp.524-527, 2009.
  [14] M.D Tyona, S.B. Jambure, C.D. Lokhande, A.G. Banpurkar, R.U. Osuji, F.I. Ezema, “Dye-sensitized solar cells based on AI-doped ZnO photoelectrodes sensitized with rhodamine”, Materials Letters, Vol. 220, pp.281-284, 2018.
  [15] P. Dhamodharan, C. Manoharan, M. Bououdina, R. Venkadachalapathy, S.Ramalingam, “Al-doped ZnO thin films grown onto ITO substrates as photoanode in dye sensitized solar cell”, Solar Energy, Vol.141, pp.127-144, 2017.
  [16] M.D Tyona, R.U. Osuji, F.I. Ezema, S.B. Jambure, C.D. Lokhande, “Highly efficient natural dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical solar cells based on Cu-doped zinc oxide thin film electrodes”, Advances in Applied Science Research, Vol.6, Issue.7, pp.7-20, 2015.
  [17] A.F. Vale da Fonseca, R.L. Siqueria, R. Landers, J.L. Ferrari, N. L. Marana, J.R. Sambrano, F.A. La Porta, M.A. Schiavon, “A theoretical and experimental investigation of Eu-doped ZnO nanorods and its application on dye sensitized solar cells”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol.739, pp.939-947, 2018.
  [18] R. Parthiban, D. Balamurugan, B.G. Jeyaprakash, “Spray deposited ZnO and Ga doped ZnO based DSSC with bromophenol blue dye as sensitizer : Efficiency analysis through DFT approach”, Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, Vol.31, pp. 471-477, 2015.
  [19] S. Goel, N. Sinha, H. Yadav, A.J. Joseph, B. Kumar, “Experimental investigation on the structural, dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of La doped ZnO nanoparticles and their application in dye-sensitized solar Cells”, Physica E, Vol.91, pp.72-81, 2017.
  [20] S. Fabbiyola, V. Sailaja, L.J. Kennedy, M. Bououdina, J.J. Vijaya, “Optical and magnetic properties of Ni-doped ZnO nanoparticles”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 694, pp.522-531, 2017.
  [21] H.P. Singh, V. Kumar, H.C. Jeon, T.W. Kang, S. Kumar, “ Structural, optical and electrical properties of Ni doped ZnO nanostructures synthesized by solution combustion method”, Journal of Materials Science: Material in Electronics, Vol.29, Issue.2, 2018.
  [22] D. Anbuselvan, S. Muthukumaran, “Defect related micro structure, optical and photoluminescence behavior of Ni, Cu co-doped ZnO nanoparticles by coprecipitation method”, Optical Materials, Vol.42, pp.124-131, 2015.
  

  Citation
  Harpreetpal Singh, Vijay Kumar, "Effect of Ni doping on the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of ZnO nanostructured dye sensitized solar cells," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.3, pp.50-54, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  XANES Studies of Cu(II) Complexes derived from Benzil 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone with anilines

  Sushma Patidar, A. Mishra, N. Parsai, A. Mansuri, S. Mohammad

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp.55-58, Jun-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v6i3.5558

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  This paper deals with the X-ray absorption near edge structural studies of transition metal Schiff base complexes of Cu(II), derived from benzil-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone with different anilines, that have been prepared by chemical root method. These synthesized complexes have been characterized by Cu K-Edge XANES measurements using the BL-8 Dispersive EXAFS beamline at 2.5 GeV Indus-2 synchrotron radiation source at RRCAT (Raja Ramanna Centre for Advance Technology), Indore, India. The measured XANES data have been analyzed to compute the energies of the K absorption edge, chemical shifts, shifts of the principal absorption maximum and edge-widths. The values of the chemical shift suggest that copper is in oxidation state +2 in all of the complexes. By calculating the chemical shift effective nuclear charge on copper atom has been estimated. All these calculation has been done with computer software ATHENA.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Cu Complexes, XANES, Athena

  References
  [1] T P Yoon and E.N. Jacobsen, Science, 299, 1691, 2003.
  [2]A Mishra, N Parsai, N.Soni and B D Shrivastava, International Conference on Recent Trends in Physics (ICRTP 2012) IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 365 ,2012.
  [3]Jaishree Bhale, Pradeep Sharma & A.Mishra, Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR),Vol-3, Issue-5, 2017.
  [4]D Bhattacharya, A K Poswal, S N Jha , Sangeeta and S C Sabharwal, Bull. Mater. Sci. 32(1),103, 2009.
  [5]Jaishree Bhale, Pradeep Sharma, A. Mishra and Neetu Parsai ,ISROSET- Int. J. Sci. Res. Recent Sciences, Vol-1, Issue-1, PP (19-21), 2015.
  [6]N Raman ,S Ravichandran and C Thangaraja, J. Chem. Sci., Vol. 116, No. 4, pp. 215–219, 2004.
  [7]L S Kau, D J Spira-Solomon, J E Penner-Hahn, K O Hodgson, and E I Solomon, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 109, 6433, 1987.
  [8]B.K Teo, “EXAFS: Basic Principles and data analysis,” Springer- Verlag, Berlin, 1986 .
  [9] F A Gianturco & C A Coulson, Molec.Phys. 14, 223,1968.
  [10] M K Gupta & A K Nigam, J.Phys. B, 5, 1790, 1972.
  [11] M K Gupta & A K Nigam, J.Phys. F, 2, 1174,1972.
  

  Citation
  Sushma Patidar, A. Mishra, N. Parsai, A. Mansuri, S. Mohammad, "XANES Studies of Cu(II) Complexes derived from Benzil 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone with anilines," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.3, pp.55-58, 2018