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• Open Access   Article

  Accelerating Expansion of the Universe with Dark Matter and Holographic Dark Energy in f(T) Gravity

  Kalpana Pawar, N.T. Katre, A.K. Dabre

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp.1-9, Apr-2023

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  Abstract
  This paper deals with the study of spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi-type V space-time filled with dark matter and holographic dark energy in the framework of f(T) gravity by considering f(T)=T formalism. In order to solve the gravitational field equations completely, the exponential law of volumetric expansion has been employed. The derived cosmological model is flat and free from any kind of singularities. Some cosmologically important physical and kinematical parameters of the model have been obtained, and discussed with the help of their graphical representations. It is observed that the universe has accelerating expansion; it is stable throughout the expansion, and physically acceptable. Notably, the resultant model is consistent with the recent observations.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Bianchi-type V space-time, Anisotropy, Dark Matter, Holographic Dark Energy, Stability, f(T) Gravity.

  References
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  Citation
  Kalpana Pawar, N.T. Katre, A.K. Dabre, "Accelerating Expansion of the Universe with Dark Matter and Holographic Dark Energy in f(T) Gravity," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.2, pp.1-9, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Response of Undamped Oscillators Exposed to Rectangular Pulse Force

  Rahul Gupta, Rohit Gupta

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp.10-14, Apr-2023

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  Abstract
  In the paper, the response of an undamped or non-damped mechanical oscillator as well as a non-damped electrical oscillator exposed to a rectangular pulse force is obtained by the integral Gupta transform (GT). Generally, this problem has been treated by methods like Calculus or Laplace transforms. Also, some operational properties of the integral GT are discussed. A rectangular pulse force is usually hired for shock loading of short duration. This paper tenders a far-out way for fixing the response of a non-damped mechanical oscillator as well as a non-damped electrical oscillator exposed to a rectangular pulse force and reveals that GT is an effective tool for dealing with such problems

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Response, Gupta transform, non-damped oscillator, Rectangular pulse

  References
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  [10] Gupta, R. Mechanically Persistent Oscillator Supplied With Ramp Signal. Al-Salam Journal for Engineering and Technology, Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp. 112–115, 2023. https://doi.org/10.55145/ajest.2023.02.02.014
  [11] Rohit Gupta, Rahul Gupta, Sonica Rajput, Analysis of Damped Harmonic Oscillator by Matrix Method, Int. J. of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), 5(4), pp. 479-484, 2018.
  [12] Rohit Gupta Rahul Gupta, Analysis Of Damped Mechanical And Electrical Oscillators By Rohit transform, ASIO Journal Of Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics & Applied Sciences (ASIO-JCPMAS), Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp. 45-47, 2020.
  [13] J. S. Chitode and R.M. Jalnekar. Network Analysis and Synthesis, Publisher: Technical Publications, 2007.
  [14] Rohit Gupta, Loveneesh Talwar, Dinesh Verma, Exponential Excitation Response of Electric Network Circuits via Residue Theorem Approach, International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies, 6(3), pp. 47-50, 2020.
  [15] Rohit Gupta, Inderdeep Singh, Ankush Sharma, Response of an Undamped Forced Oscillator via Rohit Transform, Int. J. of Emerging Trends in Engg. Research, 10(8), pp. 396-400, 2022.

  Citation
  Rahul Gupta, Rohit Gupta, "Response of Undamped Oscillators Exposed to Rectangular Pulse Force," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.2, pp.10-14, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Determination of Groundwater Potential Using Vertical Electrical Sounding at Achina and Its Environs

  Olisah Nzemeka C., Onyekaozuru Chinonso D.

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp.15-25, Apr-2023

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  Abstract
  The determination of groundwater potential was carried out in Achina and some neighouring towns in Aguata Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria to investigate the depth of aquifer. A total of eight (8) Vertical Electrical Soundings was carried out in Achina and some neighbouring town with a VES done in each town. The ABEM SAS 1000 resistivity meter was used to acquire data in those areas and the data acquired was interpreted using the Schlumberger automatic INTERPEX analysis software, which generates model curve using initial layer parameters. The results obtained shows that VES 1, 3, 4 and 7 showed AQ type of curve, VES 2 and 5 curve types are KAQ and KQ respectively while VES 6 and 8 curve types are AHQ and HQ respectively as deduced from the resistivity values. The interpreted results were presented as VES 1 – 8 and were presented in terms of resistivity, thickness, depth and lithology. The lithology was inferred to the layers from a standard given by Davis & Annan (1989) and geology of the study area. VES 5 showed four (4) geoelectric layers; VES 1 and 8 showed a total of five (5) layers; VES 3, 4 and 7 showed a total of six (6) geoelectric layers while VES 2 and 6 showed seven (7) and eight (8) geoelectric layers respectively. The geoelectric layers delineated are Top sand, clay, sand, aquiferous sand and sandstone with aquiferous sand being the aquifer bearing unit, the depth of aquifers ranges from 161.3 m to 254.5 m and thickness ranging from 36.1 m to 196.9 m.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Achina, Aquifer, Schlumberger, Borehole, Geoelectric Section, Vertical Electrical Sounding, Ekwulobia

  References
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  Citation
  Olisah Nzemeka C., Onyekaozuru Chinonso D., "Determination of Groundwater Potential Using Vertical Electrical Sounding at Achina and Its Environs," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.2, pp.15-25, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Growth and characterization studies of pure and glutamic acid doped potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals

  H. Bhuva, D.B. Makad, H.K. Ladani, V.J. Pandya, H.O. Jethva

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp.26-30, Apr-2023

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  Abstract
  The present investigation deals with study of effect of glutamic acid on various properties of pure KDP crystals. The crystals were grown at room temperature by evaporation method. Transparent and rectangular shaped crystals were grown after 25 days. The various characterizations such as elemental, structural, FTIR spectroscopic and optical were carried out on the grown crystals. The elemental analysis showed the presence of dopant atoms. The structural analysis showed the single-phase nature of the doped crystals. The FTIR analysis showed the presence of characteristic vibrations of glutamic acid along with KDP. The SHG analysis showed reduction in SHG efficiency of doped crystals. The UV-Vis analysis showed reduction in transmittance and optical energy band gap energy of doped crystals.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  KDP, Powder X, FTIR, SHG, UV-Vis

  References
  [1] H. Bhuva, K. V. Vadhel, M. J. Joshi, H. O. Jethva, “Studies of structural, optical and electrical properties of pure and l-ornithine monohydrochloride doped KDP crystals”, Int. J. Sci. Res. in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.10(3), pp.1-14, 2022.
  [2] N. Pattanaboonmee, P. Ramasamy, P. Manyum, “Optical, thermal, dielectric and mechanical studies on glycine doped potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate singles crystals grown by SR method”, Procedia Engineering, Vol.32, pp. 1019-1025, 2012.
  [3] K. Rajesh, A. Mani, P. Praveen Kumar, “Growth, optical, mechanical and dielectric properties of promising NLO L-Serine Potassium Di hydrogen Phosphate Single Crystals”, International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention, pp. 32-38, 2017.
  [4] N. Kanagathara, G. Anbalagan, “Growth, Optical and Dielectric Studies on Pure and L-Lysine Doped KDP Crystals”, International Journal of Optics, Vol.2012, pp. 1-6, 2012.
  [5] G. R. Chatwal and S. K. Anand; Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, Himalaya Publishing House, p.2.55, 2017.
  [6] John Coats; Interpretation of Infrared Spectra, A Practical Approach, Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry, R A Meyers (Ed), John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2000.
  [7] Ray L. Frost, Andres Lopez, Yunfei Xi and Ricardo Scholz; Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, Vol.120, pp.252, 2014.
  [8] G. Ramasamy, G. Bhagavannarayana and Subbiah Meenakshisundaram; “The concentration effects of s-, p-, d- and f-block element doping on the growth, crystalline perfection and properties of KDP crystals,” Cryst. Eng. Comm., Vol.14 3813-3819, 2012.
  [9] V. R. Raghorte, G. C. Wakde, N. S. Meshram and K. G. Rewatkar; “Harvesting amino acid doped KDP crystal by temperature and time control using AVR microcontroller,”, Results in Chemistry, Vol.2, pp.100074, 2020.
  [10] J. Tauc and A. Menth; “States in the gap,” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Vol.8-10, pp.569-585, 1972.
  [11] Tapash Chandra Paul, Jiban Podder; “Synthesis and characterization of Zn?incorporated TiO2 thin films: impact of crystallite size on X?ray line broadening and bandgap tuning”, Appl. Phys. A, Vol.125, pp.818(1-14), 2019.

  Citation
  H. Bhuva, D.B. Makad, H.K. Ladani, V.J. Pandya, H.O. Jethva, "Growth and characterization studies of pure and glutamic acid doped potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.2, pp.26-30, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Designing and Implementing Phone Jammer with Safety Implications in Nigeria

  N. Nwokocha

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp.31-37, Apr-2023

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  Abstract
  This study was purported to design and develop a mobile phone jammer with the possibilities of creating safety implications for lives and property, as well as organizational communication systems, particularly on the need to handle business transactions/exchanging emergency alert messages. Parts, materials, and instruments were purchased and assembled which resulted in a useable mobile jammer. The testing was conducted with 2G, 3G, and 4G on Airtel, Globacom, MTN, and 9Mobile services within a jamming range of 20 meters. Results revealed that the 2G and 3G networks were successfully jammed within less than 20 meters range, while that of 4G failed. The safety needs to implement mobile jammers in places associated with dangers after securing full permission and approval from the government as specified by the Nigeria Communication Commission (NCC) in the case of Nigeria was established. As such, designing sophisticated jammers to block mobile phones with 4G networks in line with the safety implications of both hazards and an effective organizational communication system was recommended.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Designing, Implementing, Phone Jammer, 2G/3G/4G, Safety Implications

  References
  [1] S. Zorn, M. Maser, A. Goetz, R. Rose, L. Weigel, “A power saving jamming system for e-GSM900 and DCS1800 cellular phone networks for search and rescue applications”, In the Proceedings of Wireless Sensors and Sensor Networks (WiSNet), IEEE Tropical Conference, pp. 33-36, January 16-19, 2011.
  [2] M. Al-Rawi, M. Al-Rawi, “System design of cell phone detector”, ACTA Technica Corviniensis – Bulletin of Engineering, TOME XIII, 2020.
  [3] S. Mahato, C. Vimala, “Cellular Signals Jamming System in 2G And 3G”, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, 2015.
  [4] G. Miao, J. Zander, K.W. Sung, B. Slimane, “Fundamentals of Mobile Data Networks”, Cambridge University Press, 2016.
  [5] J.M. Mom, M.S. Adejoh, O.D. Agbo, “Implementation of GSM Detection System with Remote Jamming Capabilities,” International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Publications (IJMRAP), Volume 3, Issue 4, pp. 67-71, 2020.
  [6] K.M. Shantanu, C. Vimala. C. “Cellular Signals Jamming System in 2G and 3G”, In the Proceedings of International Conference on Signal Processing, Embedded System and Communication Technologies and their applications for Sustainable and Renewable Energy, Vol. 3, No. 14, pp. 2278 – 8875, 2014.
  [7] J. Madhu, H. Keerthana, M. Priyatham, “Remote controlled mobile signal jammer”, International Journal of Engineering Research in Electronics and Communication Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 11, pp. 245-248, 2017.
  [8] V. Mupparaju, S. Yembadi, “Advanced Mobile Phone Signal Jammer for GSM, CDMA and 3G Networks with Prescheduled Time Duration using ARM 7”, International Journal of Professional Engineering Studies, Vol. 1, No. 2, Dec., 2013.
  [9] Y. Fitriyani, A.B. Mutiara, R. Refianti, “Yagi Antenna design for signal phone jammer”, Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 39-44, 2012.
  [10] S. Shahdadpuri, J. Patel, “GSM mobile phone jammer”, International Journal for Scientific Research and Development, Vol. 2, No. 8, pp. 154-158, pp. 2014.
  [12] U.E. Uno, P.F. Okoye, N.V. Charles, “On the Physics of GSM Jammer and its Application in Lecture Theaters”, Science Journal of Physics Publication 2276-6367, 10pp, 2013.
  [13] O.O. Olumide, O.O. Jimoh, L.A. Olaide, “Design and development of mobile phone jammer”, American Journal of Engineering Research, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 71-76, 2016.
  [14] O.A. Arowolo, A. Adekunle, “Development of frequency signal jammer”, FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 28-30, 2019.
  [15] Y.P. Umratkar, H.B. Chalfe, S.K. Totade, “Design and Performance of Mobile Phone Jammer”, International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research, Vol. 6, No. 12, 1-5, 2019.
  [16] K. Rameshbabu, M. Mangisthu, M.B. Wondosen, “Design and implementation of mobile phone jammer with prescheduled time duration”, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 40-46, 2018.
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  [18] N. Nkordeh, L. Iwu, F. Idachaba, I. Bob-Manual, “Design and implementation of a dual band mobile phone jammer”, In the Proceedings of World Congress on Engineering and Computer Science, Vol. 1, pp. 1-8, October 19-21, 2016.
  [19] D.S. Madara, E. Ataro, S. Sitati, “Design and testing of a mobile-phone-jammer”, Innovative Systems Design and Engineering, Vol. 7, No., 7, pp. 7-18, 2016.
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  [21] M. Tata, “Programming and customizing the PIC microcontroller: Third edition”, McGraw-Hill Education Pvt. Ltd, 7 West Patel Nagar, New Delhi 11008, 2015.

  Citation
  N. Nwokocha, "Designing and Implementing Phone Jammer with Safety Implications in Nigeria," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.2, pp.31-37, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Study of Solar Activity during the Rising Phase of Solar Cycle 25

  Sri Krishna Singh, Sarver Ahmad Khan, Niyaz Ahmad, C.M. Tiwari, G.N. Singh

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp.38-43, Apr-2023

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  Abstract
  Sun based movement alludes to any regular peculiarities occurring on the sun, for example, sunspots, sun powered flare and coronal mass launch and so on. Such peculiarities have their underlying foundations somewhere within the sun, anywhere the dynamo component works and smooth movements happen in a violent manner. It is predominantly determined by the fluctuation of the sun`s attractive field. The current paper concentrates on the connection between different suns based highlights during December 2019 to December 2022. A high connection between`s various boundaries demonstrates comparative beginning.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Sun oriented Movement; Sunspot Number; Sun based Radio Outflow Transition; Coronal Mass Discharges; Sun powered X-Beam Foundation.

  References
  [1]. B. C. Low, “Coronal Mass Ejections, Magnetic Flux Rope and Solar Magnetism,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 106, No. A11, , pp. 25, 141-25163, 2001.
  [2]. J. T. Gosling, “Coronal Mass Ejections and Magnetic Flux Rope in Interplanetary Space,” AGU Monograph Series, Vol. 58, pp. 343-364, 1990.
  [3]. N. J. Fox, M. Peredo and B. J. Thompson, “Cradle to Grave Tracking of the January 6-11, 1997, Sun-Earth Connection Event,” Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 25, No. 14, pp. 2461-2464, 1998.
  [4]. E. Hildner, et al. “Frequency of Coronal Transients and Solar Activity,” Solar Physics, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 127-135, 1976.
  [5]. D. F. Webb and R. A. Howard, “The Solar Cycle Variation of Coronal Mass Ejections and the Solar Wind Mass Flux,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 99, No. A3, pp. 4201-4220, 2012.
  [6]. N. Gopalswamy, et al., “Magnetic Coupling between the Interior and Atmosphere of the Sun,” In: S. S. Hasan and R. J. Rutten, Eds., Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 289-307, 2010
  [7]. R. P. Kane, “Solar Activity during Sunspot Minimum,” Indian Journal of Radio & Space Physics, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 7-10, 2011.
  [8]. K. B. Ramesh and V. S. Rohini, “1-8 Angstrom Background X-Ray Emission and the Associated Indicators of Photospheric Magnetic Activity,” The Astrophysical Journal Letters (USA), Vol. 686, No. 1, pp. L41-L44, 2008.
  [9]. K. B. Ramesh, “Coronal Mass Ejections and SunspotsSolar Cycle Perspective,” The Astrophysical Journal Letters (USA), Vol. 712, No. 1, pp. L77-L80, 2010.
  [10]. R. P. Kane, “Similarities and Dissimilarities between the Variations of CME and Other Solar Parameters at Different Heliographic Latitudes any Time Scale,” Solar Physics, Vol. 248, No. 1, pp. 177-190, 2008.

  Citation
  Sri Krishna Singh, Sarver Ahmad Khan, Niyaz Ahmad, C.M. Tiwari, G.N. Singh, "Study of Solar Activity during the Rising Phase of Solar Cycle 25," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.2, pp.38-43, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Source of Energy for creation of Universe, Minimum possible length and resolution of Hubble tension

  Biswaranjan Dikshit

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp.44-48, Apr-2023

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  Abstract
  Big Bang inflationary cosmological model doesn’t explain the source of energy responsible for creation of our universe. If the universe is assumed to be created by a quantum vacuum fluctuation, uncertainty principle permits creation of maximum energy of ~10-8 kg in Planck time whereas total energy due to matter/vacuum in the universe is more than ~1054 kg. Thus, instantaneous creation of such huge energy of the universe from complete emptiness violates the law of conservation of energy. However, this problem can be solved if, by considering negative gravitational potential energy, net energy of the universe can be mathematically proved to be equal to zero right from the beginning of the universe to till date. In other words, gravitational potential energy (whose sign is negative) can be the source of all positive energy due to matter and vacuum. In this article, we derive the necessary condition required in any cosmological model to make net energy of the universe equal to zero. Then, we show that the recently published new cosmological model based on quantization of zero-point field satisfies this necessary condition for zero-energy universe whereas Big-Bang inflationary model doesn’t. Thus, law of conservation of energy is satisfied in new model during creation of the universe from complete emptiness. It is also brought out to the notice that zero energy universe is possible only if smallest possible length in nature is, lmin = lp(?/2)1/2 = 2.0×10-35 m which is of the order of Planck length. Finally, some unique features of the new cosmological model are stated and Hubble constant tension is resolved.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Conservation of Energy, Creation of universe, Minimum length, Planck length

  References
  [1] Matts Roos, Introduction to cosmology, (John Wiley & Sons, 2015)
  [2] P. J. Steinhardt, N. Turok, “Cosmic Evolution in a Cyclic Universe”, Physical Review D. 65 (12): 126003 (2002)
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  [4] Lawrence M. Krauss, A universe from nothing (Free Press, New York, 2012)
  [5] Sean Carroll, “Energy is not conserved”, Discover, February 23 (2010) (https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/energy-is-not-conserved)
  [6] Biswaranjan Dikshit, “A new cosmological model based on quantization of the zero-point field”, Canadian Journal of Physics, 100, 218–225 (2022)
  [7] Ronald J. Adlera, “Six easy roads to the Planck scale”, American Journal of Physics, 78, 925 (2010)
  [8] Ahmed Farag Ali, Saurya Das and Elias C. Vagenasb, “Discreteness of space from the generalized uncertainty principle”, Physics Letters B, 678, 497–499 (2009)
  [9] A. Einstein, “Kosmologische Betrachtungenzurallgemeinen Relativitäts theorie”, Sitzungsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Berlin, 142-152 (1917)
  [10] Biswaranjan Dikshit, “Derivation of general relativistic gravitational potential energy using principle of equivalence and gravitational time dilation”, Canadian Journal of Physics, 99, 951–953 (2021)
  [11] Pavel Voracek, “Relativistic gravitational potential and its relation to mass-energy”, Astrophysics and Space Science, 65, 397-413 (1979)
  [12] Weikang Lin, Katherine J. Mack, and Liqiang Hou, “Investigating the Hubble Constant Tension: Two Numbers in the Standard Cosmological Model”, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 904:L22, 1-9 (2020)
  [13] Planck Collaboration: N. Aghanim et al., Planck 2018 results, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 641, A6, 1-67 (2020)
  [14] Adam G Riess, S Casertano, W Yuan, L M Macri, and D Scolnic, “Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid Standards Provide a 1% Foundation for the Determination of the Hubble Constant and Stronger Evidence for Physics beyond ?CDM”, The Astrophysical Journal, 876:85 (2019)
  [15] O. L. Creevey et al, “Benchmark stars for Gaia Fundamental properties of the Population II star HD 140283 from interferometric, spectroscopic, and photometric data”, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 575, A26 (2015)

  Citation
  Biswaranjan Dikshit, "Source of Energy for creation of Universe, Minimum possible length and resolution of Hubble tension," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.11, Issue.2, pp.44-48, 2023