Volume-9 , Issue-3 , Mar 2023, ISSN 2454-9312 (Online), 2454-6143 (Print) Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  Compaction Characteristics of Sandy Clay Loam Soil Under Different Tillage System

  Fasoyin S.A., Ale M.O., Abisuwa T.A.

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.1-5, Mar-2023

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  Abstract
  Concept of people about soil depends on their direct use of it. Agronomists call it a medium for crop production; engineers as a foundation of construction materials, environmentalist, a source of pollution and conservationists see it resources to preserve. Soil Tillage as a disturbance and manipulation process can be manual or mechanical using the tractor and its implements. The system chosen by farmers has a comparable influence on the properties of soil especially the compaction characteristics. Therefore, a research was carried out to find out the effects of tillage methods on compaction characteristics of agricultural soil where zero tillage, traditional tillage, mechanical tillage and fallowing have been practiced. It was observed that soil with traditional tillage had the highest mean value of penetration resistance (1677 kN/m2) and moisture content (17%), while the highest mean value of bulk density (1.51 g/cm3) was recorded in zero tillage. It was also recorded that soil depth had a linear relationship with penetration resistance as well as a polynomial relationship with the bulk density. All values of the penetration resistance and soil bulk density recorded are acceptable for root growth except the value recorded for traditional tillage. The observed values and relationships will serve as indicators of soil quality in the choice of tillage practices adopted by farmers as well as further research and experimentation.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Bulk density, penetration resistance, moisture content, root growth, soil disturbance

  References
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  Citation
  Fasoyin S.A., Ale M.O., Abisuwa T.A., "Compaction Characteristics of Sandy Clay Loam Soil Under Different Tillage System," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.1-5, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Solving Double Integration With The Help of Monte Carlo Simulation: A Python Approach

  Priyanshi Mishra, Ayush Sharma, Dhananjay R. Mishra, Pankaj Dumka

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.6-10, Mar-2023

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  Abstract
  In this article, a model of the double integration process has been attempted using Monte Carlo simulation. Both non-rectangular and rectangular domains are dealt separately. Python programming has been used to automate the entire random number-based integration process. Three example problems are used to test the newly created cods, and the results achieved are consistent with those reported in the literature.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Double integration; Monte Carlo simulation; Monte Carlo integration; Python programming; Integration; Stochastic Integration

  References
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  [23] P. Dumka, K. Rana, S. Pratap, S. Tomar, P. S. Pawar, and D. R. Mishra, “Modelling air standard thermodynamic cycles using python,” Adv. Eng. Softw., vol. 172, no. July, p. 103186, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.advengsoft.2022.103186.
  [24] P. S. Pawar, D. R. Mishra, and P. Dumka, “Solving First Order Ordinary Differential Equations using Least Square Method?: A comparative study,” Int. J. Innov. Sci. Res. Technol., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 857–864, 2022.

  Citation
  Priyanshi Mishra, Ayush Sharma, Dhananjay R. Mishra, Pankaj Dumka, "Solving Double Integration With The Help of Monte Carlo Simulation: A Python Approach," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.6-10, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Relation between Occupational Stress and Job Satisfaction of Primary School Teachers: A Cross-sectional Study in Bangladesh

  Rozina Akter, Tanzeer Alam

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.11-18, Mar-2023

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  Abstract
  Globally, occupational stress hits the degree of job satisfaction from profession to profession, region to region, and country to country through different factors. Hence, the study`s primary objective is to analyze the relation between primary school teachers` occupational stress and job satisfaction. Using the systematic random sample method, a cross-sectional study of 250 primary school teachers in Bangladesh is planned. The models, ordered logit and ordinary least squares (OLS), are used to analyze the objective. According to the findings, commute time, promotional policies, cultural events, student behavior, and other factors contribute to nearly 62 percent of teachers experiencing occupational stress at work. The results also show that job satisfaction declines when there is occupational stress. Age, gender, transfer facilities, promotional policies, monthly income, and occupational stress all significantly affect job satisfaction. Therefore, the study suggests that improving the working conditions and support systems for primary school teachers in Bangladesh can have significant benefits for both teachers and students. By addressing the sources of occupational stress and promoting job satisfaction, it may be possible to improve teacher retention rates, reduce burnout, and enhance the quality of education for primary school students.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Occupational stress, job satisfaction, primary school teachers, cross-sectional study, Bangladesh

  References
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  Citation
  Rozina Akter, Tanzeer Alam, "Relation between Occupational Stress and Job Satisfaction of Primary School Teachers: A Cross-sectional Study in Bangladesh," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.11-18, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Determinants of Transparency on Procurement Performance in Tanzanian Local Government Authorities

  Paul Mtasigazya, Obadia Shikunzi

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.19-26, Mar-2023

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  Abstract
  The study aimed at assessing the determinants of transparency on procurement performance in Tanzanian Local Government Authorities (LGAs). The study used the following specific objectives: to examine the extent to which fair and equitable procedures influence procurement performance in Tanzania LGAs, to examine the extent to which free access to public information influence procurement performance in Tanzania LGAs and to establish the extent to which the firm debriefs all its unsuccessful suppliers. Interview, documentary review and questionnaires were used as the methods in data collection. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software version 22 was used specifically for the purpose of analyzing the quantitative, while qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis. It was discovered that all parties involved in the procurement processes like contractors, suppliers and service providers and the public at large have the access of getting the information, unless there are valid and legal reasons to keep certain information confidential. In this aspects, contractors, suppliers and service providers must get these information through mass media of wide circulation, PPRA website portal (www.ppra.go.tz), the announcement should contains enough details information for interested contractors, suppliers and service providers to understand it in order to determine if they are qualified to compete. The study concluded that the study concluded that transparency influences organization performance in LGAs. The study concludes that transparency on the procurement procedures in LGA which is fair and equitable influences procurement performance as per the PPA.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Transparency, Procurement, Procurement Performance, Local Government Authorities

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  Citation
  Paul Mtasigazya, Obadia Shikunzi, "Determinants of Transparency on Procurement Performance in Tanzanian Local Government Authorities," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.19-26, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  An Empirical Study of The Impact of Banking Sector Prosperity on Economy: Illustration From an Emerging One

  Shoun Sarker

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.27-34, Mar-2023

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  Abstract
  This paper concentrates on the dominance of prosperity of the banking sector on the economy of Bangladesh by using several econometric techniques like Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model, Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis using annual data for the timeframe of 1995-2020. By using OLS model, this study explores irregularities in the correlation between growth of the banking sector and GDP, Balance of trade and Inflation in short run. On the contrary, this study explores positive relationship between prosperity of the banking sector and Annual development plan, Broad money, Balance of payment, Debt repayment, Exchange rate, Foreign direct investment, foreign currency reserve, Private credit, Remittance, Revenue earnings and Unemployment rate respectively. This is the first attempt to analyze the effect of profitability of banking sector on the economy of Bangladesh with varieties of variables which represents the economy and banking sector as a whole. Policy makers of Bangladesh should think when they modify the banking sector after the post-pandemic period and impose proper attention on gaining profitability in banking sector for the betterment of the economy.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Banking sector, OLS, Correlation analysis, Inflation, GDP, Remittance, Post-pandemic period

  References
  [1]. Alev, N. “Profitability of the activity bank found in Turkey banking system and economic growth”, ASSAM International Refereed Journal, Vol. 5, Issue. 12, pp. 32-43, 2018.
  [2]. Breush, T. & Pagan, A., “The Lagrange multiplier test and its applications to model specification in econometrics”. Rev. Econ. Stud. Vol. 47, pp. 239-253, 1980.
  [3]. Ceylan, F & Ceylan I, “Does bank profitability promote economic growth and vice versa? Panel causality evidence from the selected countrie” Journal of economics, business and organization research. 2020.
  [4]. Demirguc-Kunt, A. & Huizinga, H. “Determinants of commercial bank interest margins and profitability: some international evidence”, The World Bank Economic Review, Vol. 13, Issue. 2, pp. 379-408, 1999.
  [5]. Haron, S. “Competition and other external determinants of the profitability of Islamic banks” Islamic Economic Studies, Vol. 4, Issue. 1, pp. 49-66, 1996.
  [6]. H.W,Kamran, Z.Johnson and M.Sammer. “Determinants of profitability in Banking Sector” International Journal of Information Research and Review, Vol. 03, Issue, 05, pp. 2258-2264, 2016.
  [7]. Javid, M. E. “Bank specific and macroeconomic determinants of bank profitability”, Journal of Management Info, Vol. 3, Issue. 2, pp. 14-18, 2016.
  [8]. Khan, Q, Kauser, R and Abbas, U “Impact of Bank Specific and Macroeconomic Factors on Banks Profitability: A Study on Banking Sector of Pakistan” Journal of Accounting and Finance in Emerging Economies, Vol. 1, Issue. 2, 2015.
  [9]. Klein, P-O. & Weill, L. “Bank profitability and economic growth”, BOFIT Discussion Papers, Vol. 15, pp. 1-41, 2019.
  [10]. Moussa, M. A. B. & Hdidar, Z. “Bank profitability and economic growth: evidence from Tunisia”, European Journal of Economic and Financial Research, Vol. 3, Issue. 4, pp. 81-96, 2019.
  [11]. Obamuyi, T. M. “Determinants of banks’ profitability in a developing economy: evidence from Nigeria”, Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies, Vol. 4, Issue. 2, pp. 97-111, 2013.
  [12]. Ozturk, H. “A n empirical analysis of macroeconomic factors affecting Turkish banking sector”, Finance Politic and Economic Comments Journal, Vol. 53, Issue. 620, pp. 11-29, 2016.
  [13]. Rachdi, H. “What determines the profitability of banks during and before the international financial crisis? Evidence from Tunisia” International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management, Vol. 2, Issue. 4, 2016.
  [14]. Tan, Y. & Floros, C. “Bank profitability and GDP growth in China: a note”, Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, Vol. 10, Issue. 3, pp. 267-273, 2012.
  [15]. Trujillo-Ponce, A. “What determines the profitability of banks? Evidence from Spain”, Accounting and Finance, Issue. 53, pp. 561-586, 2013.
  

  Citation
  Shoun Sarker, "An Empirical Study of The Impact of Banking Sector Prosperity on Economy: Illustration From an Emerging One," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.27-34, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Prediction of Seasonal and Annual Rainfall of Pune and Mahabaleshwar using Multiple Linear Regression Models

  Vivekanandan N.

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.35-41, Mar-2023

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  Abstract
  Prediction of seasonal and annual rainfall for a river basin is of utmost importance for planning and design of irrigation and drainage systems as also for command area development. Since the distribution of rainfall varies over space and time, it is required to analyze the data covering long periods and recorded at various locations to arrive at reliable information for decision support. This paper aims to predict the seasonal (monsoon and post-monsoon) and annual rainfall for Pune and Mahabaleshwar through multiple linear regression (MLR) models viz., Regression Model-1 (RM1), Regression Model-2 (RM2) and Regression Model-3 (RM3). The meteorological data such as rainfall (R), minimum temperature (Tmin), maximum temperature (Tmax), average wind speed (AWS) and relative humidity (RH) is used. The seasonal and annual series of meteorological data is extracted from the daily data and used for prediction of rainfall through three regression models, which are evaluated by correlation coefficient (CC), Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) and root mean squared error (RMSE). The study shows the RMSE on predicted seasonal and annual rainfall using RM3 (with R, Tmin, Tmax, AWS and RH) model is minimum than those values of RM1 (with R, Tmin and Tmax) and RM2 (with R, Tmin, Tmax and AWS) models for Pune and Mahabaleshwar. The study also shows the NSE in rainfall prediction using RM3 is higher than those values given by RM1 and RM2. The CC values in seasonal and annual rainfall prediction using RM1, RM2 and RM3 vary from 0.906 to 0.973 for Pune while 0.963 to 0.987 for Mahabaleshwar. The paper presents the RM3 is better suited regression model for prediction of seasonal and annual rainfall for Pune and Mahabaleshwar.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Correlation coefficient, Mean squared error, Model efficiency, Rainfall, Regression

  References
  [1] Sam Cramer, Michael Kampouridis, Alex A. Freitas and Antonis K. Alexandridis, “An Extensive Evaluation of Seven Machine Learning Methods for Rainfall Prediction in Weather Derivatives”, Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 85, November Issue, pp. 169-181, 2017.
  [2] Abdullah Al Mamun, Md. Noor bin Salleh and Hanapi Mohamad Noor, “Estimation of Short-duration Rainfall Intensity from Daily Rainfall Values in Klang Valley, Malaysia”, Applied Water Science, Vol. 8, Issue 7, pp. 1-10, 2018.
  [3] Anusha N, Sai Chaithanya M and Guru Jithendranath Reddy, “Weather Prediction using Multi Linear Regression Algorithm”, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 590, Issue 1, Paper ID.012034, 2019.
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  [9] Swain S, Patel P and Saswata Nandi, “A Multiple Linear Regression Model for Precipitation Forecasting over Cuttack district, Odisha, India”, 2nd International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT), Mumbai, India, 2017, pp. 355-357.
  [10] Navid MAI and Niloy NH, “Multiple Linear Regressions for Predicting Rainfall for Bangladesh”, Communications, Vol. 6, Issue 1, pp. 1-4, 2018. .
  [11] Refona, M. Lakshmi, R. Raza Abbas and Mohammad Raziullha, “Rainfall Prediction using Regression Model”, International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, Vol.8, Issue 2S3, pp. 543-546, 2019.
  [12] Gnanasankaran, N and Ramaraj E. “A Multiple Linear Regression Model to Predict Rainfall using Indian Meteorological Data”, International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, Vol. 29, Issue 8, pp. 746-758, 2020.
  [13] Shakib Badarpura, Abhishek Jain, Aniket Gupta and Deepali Patil, “Rainfall Prediction using Linear Approach & Neural Networks and Crop Recommendation Based on Decision Tree”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, Vol. 9, Issue 4, pp. 394-399, 2020.
  [14] Chalachew Muluken Liyew and Haileyesus Amsaya Melese, “Machine Learning Techniques to Predict Daily Rainfall Amount”, Journal of Big Data, Article ID. 153, Vol. 8, Issue 1, pp. 1-11, 2021.
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  [16] Muhammad Danish Munir, “Prediction of Heteroscedastic Data Using Linear Regression and Various Machine Learning Models”, International Journal of Scientific Research in Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Vol. 10, Issue 1, pp. 14-19, 2023.
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  Citation
  Vivekanandan N., "Prediction of Seasonal and Annual Rainfall of Pune and Mahabaleshwar using Multiple Linear Regression Models," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.35-41, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  The Roles and Applications of Additive Manufacturing Technology in the Aerospace Industry

  Subash Dhakal

  Review Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.42-49, Mar-2023

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  Abstract
  Additive manufacturing is a fast-emerging technology that is extensively used all over the world. The purpose of this comprehensive Additive Manufacturing or 3D printing technology analysis is to identify the roles and applications of various 3D printing materials, types, and processes in the design and development of fabrication in the aerospace industry. 3D printing technology allows you to create complex shapes with fewer materials than conventional methods. It has been used for the mass customization and production of any type of design and development in the fields of the aerospace industry, aviation industry, and automobile sector as well. One of the methods of additive manufacturing, which is rapid prototyping, is a time-saving 3D printing process applied in the aviation and aerospace sectors. It has been found to be a fast and cost-effective solution in whichever field it is used. In this paper, we will look at how the 3D printing process has impacted the aerospace industry. The applications of AM or 3D printing technology are expanding all the time in the field of aerospace, and it`s proving to be a very exciting technology for today`s manufacturing industries.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Additive manufacturing, Aerospace industry, Cost effective, Fabrication, Rapid prototype, 3d printing

  References
  [1] ASTM F2792-12a, Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies, vol. 10.04.
  [2] Atzeni, E., & Salmi, A. (2012). Economics of additive manufacturing for end-usable metal parts, International Journal of Additive Manufacturing Technology, 62(9), 1147-55.
  [3] Alexandru Pirjan, Dana-Mihaela Petrosanu, “The Impact of 3D Printing Technology on the society and economy”, Journal of Information Systems and Operations Management, Volume 7, Dec 2013
  [4] N. Hopkinson PhD,, R.J.M. Hague PhD,, P.M. Dickens “ Rapid Manufacturing: An Industrial Revolution for the Digital Age”, 2005
  [5] ASTM F2792-12a, Standard terminology for additive manufacturing technologies. ASTM International. West Conshohocken, PA, 2012
  [6] W. Yuanbin, Blache, and X. Xun , “Selection of additive manufacturing processes,” Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 23, 2017
  [7] Matthew Lanaro, Mathilde R.Desselle, Maria A.Woodruff “3D Printing Chocolate: Properties of Formulations for Extrusion, Sintering, Binding and Ink Jetting” Version of Record 11 January 2019.
  [8] Dong Gyu Ahn, “Directed Energy Deposition (DED) Process: State of the Art” International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology volume
  [9] A. M. T. Syed, P. K. Elias, B. Amit, B. Susmita, O. Lisa, & C. Charitidis, “Additive manufacturing: scientific and technological challenges, market uptake and opportunities”, Materials today, Vol. 1, pp. 1-16, 2017
  [10] Ian Gibson, David Rosen, Brent Stucker & Mahyar Khorasani, “ Material Jetting”,11 November 2020
  [11] S.Sun, M.Brandt, M.Easton, “ Powder bed fusion processes: An overview”, 9 September 2016, Version of Record 9 September 2016.
  [12] Silvia Vock, Burghardt Klöden, Alexander Kirchner, Thomas Weißgärber & Bernd Kieback, “Powers for powder bed fusion: a review”, 09 February 2019
  [13] N.Shahrubudin, T.C.Lee, R.Ramlan , “ An Overview on 3D printing technology: Technological, Materials, and Applications”, SMPM 2019
  [14] Z. Low, Y.T. Chua, B.M. Ray, D. Mattia, I.S. Metcalfe, & D.A. Patterson, “Perspective on 3D printing of separation membranes and comparison to related unconventional fabrication techniques,” Journal of Membrane Science, Vol. 523, No.1, pp. 596-613, 2017.
  [15] Jian-Yuan Lee, Jia An, Chee kai Chua,“ Fundamentals and applications of 3D printing for novel materials”, 21 March 2017
  [16] Choon Wee Joel Lim, Kim Quy Le, Qingyang Lu, Chee How Wong,“An overview of 3-D Printing in Manufacturing, Aerospace, and Automotive Industries”, 20 July 2016
  [17] D.J. Horst, C.A. Duvoisin, & R.A. Viera, “Additive manufacturing at Industry 4.0: a review,” International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research, Vol. 8, No.8, pp. 1-8, 2018
  [18] E. Uhlmann, R. Kersting, T. B. Klein, M. F. Cruz, & A. V. Borille, “Additive manufacturing of titanium alloy for aircraft components,” Procedia CIRP, Vol. 35, pp. 55-60, 2015.
  [19] Lu-Yu Zhou,Jianzhong Fu,Yong He,“ A Review of 3D printing technologies for Soft Polymer Materials”, 29 April 2020
  [20] W. Xin, J. Man, Z. Zuowan, G. Jihua, & H. David, “3D printing of polymer matrix composites: A review and prospective,” Composites Part B, Vol. 110, pp. 442-458, 2017.
  [21] Lim Chin Hwa, Srithar Rajoo, Alias Mohd Noor, Norhayati Ahmad, M.B. Uday,“Recent advances in 3D printing of porous ceramics: A review”,30 November 2017
  [22] W. Haoa, Y. Liua, H. Zhouc, H. Chenb, ? D. Fangb, “Preparation and characterization of 3D printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced thermosetting composite.”, Polymer Testing, Vol. 65, pp. 29–34, 2018.
  [23] Thabiso Peter Mpofu, Cephas Mawere, Macdonald Mukosera ,“The Impact and Application of 3D Printing Technology”,2319-7064, 2012
  [24] G.R.?Bennett?,“The application of virtual prototyping in the development of complex aerospace products”, 1 February 1997
  [25] Seung Ki Moon, Yu En Tan, Jihong Hwang & Yong-Jin Yoon ,“Application of 3D Printing Technology for Designing Light-weight Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Wing Structures”, March 21, 2014
  [26] Mohammad Suhel Karkun, Sathish Dharmalingam,“3D Printing Technology in Aerospace Industry – A Review’’, 2022
  [27] S. Sriram, S. Prashanth, S.R. Arun, M.G. Rajagopal, “ Design and Fabrication of High Endurance Mapping Drone”, International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies, Vol.8, Issue.1, pp.06-13, January, 2022.

  Citation
  Subash Dhakal, "The Roles and Applications of Additive Manufacturing Technology in the Aerospace Industry," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.42-49, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  Botanical Characteristics, Anatomy, and Phytochemical Analysis of Euphorbia Dracunculoides Lam. Talod, Sabarkantha District, Gujarat

  Asha R. Vankar, Kaushik C. Patel

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.50-57, Mar-2023

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  Abstract
  This work is based on the morphology, anatomy, and phytochemical analysis of Euphorbia dracunculoides Lam. plants. The Euphorbia dracunculoides Lam. plant is included in the Euphorbiaceae family. The morphological characteristics are useful as a taxonomic tool. Plants of the genus Euphorbia dracunculoides Lam. are used to treat rheumatism, epilepsy, edema, snake bites, and warts. An anatomical study of different parts taken with hand sectioning and a phytochemical investigation have been carried out for these secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, amino acids, phenol, steroids, glycosides, tetraploids, and carbohydrates using three solvents: methanol, water, and acetone. The literature review suggests that no type of morphological or phytochemical study has been done in Gujarat.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Anatomy; Botanical characteristics; Euphorbia dracunculoides Lam.; phytochemical; qualitative analysis

  References
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  [2] (Pranabesh Ghosh ,Chandreyi Ghosh ,Shaktijit Das, Chandrima Das, Suprodip Mandal, Sirshendu Chatterjee .: "Botanical Description, phytochemical constituents and pharmacological properties of euphorbia hirta linn: A Review" .International Journal of Health Sciences & Reserch Vol 9;Issue :3March 2019 .
  [3] Prabhavathi R. M. Prasad M. P. and Jayaramu M: Studies on Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Cissus quadrangularis.Pelagia Research Library.Advances in Applied Science Research 7(4):11–17. 2016.
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  [5] Ekwueme F.N., Nwoda O F C, Joshua P E, Nkwocha C,ehika, P E Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of the aqueous leaf extract of Senna Mimosoideae: Its Effect in vivo Leukocyte mobilization induced by the inflammatory stimulus International Journal of current Microbiology and Applied Sciences.Vulume 4 (5): pp.1176-1188.2015
  [6] Mohammed Shaibu Auwal, Sanni Saka, Ismail Alhaji Mairiga, Kyari Abba Sanda,abdullahi Shuaibu, amina Ibrahim Preliminary phytochemical and element analysis of aqueous and fractionated pod extracts of Acacia nilotica (Thorn mimosa) . Vet res Forum.2014 Spring ;5(2) 95-100 2014.
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  [8] Manisha singh & Mohd Ishfaq et al Study on Morpho-anatomical and phytochemical characterization of Euphorbia helioscopia. In a doon valley, Uttarakhand . International.J Pharm Bio Sci 2017 Apl;8(20)(B) 849-855.
  [9] Muhammad majid,Muhammmad Rashid khan ,Naseer ali shah. Studies on phytochemical, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities of Euphorbia dracunculoides .BMC Complement Altern Med. Oct 7;15:349.2015
  [10] Brigitte Marazzi, Judith L.Bronstein, Suzanne Koptur.The diversity, ecology and evalution of extrafloral nectaries: current perspectives and future challenges. Annals of Botany 111:1243-1250, 2013.
  [11] Kherraz Khaled,Ghemam Amara Djilani, Chouikh Atel,Chefrour Azedinne. Morphological, Anatomical and Environmental Characteristics and The Geographical Distribution of Matricaria Pubscences(Composees)From Algeria. World Journal of Environmental Bioaciences ..Volume 8, Issue 1:76-80.2017.
  [12] Asia Begum*, K Sindhu, K Giri, Fathima Umera, G Gauthami, J Vinod Kumar, N Naveen, K N V Rao, Syed Shaffath Ali, Karuna Sri, Rajeshwar Dutt. Pharmacognostical and Physio-Chemical Evaluation of Indian Asparagus officinalis Linn Family Lamiaceae. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Reserch :9(3);327-336. 2017.
  [13] Naidu sarojini Devi, Y.Padma. and C.L.N. Diversity of stomata and trichomes in Euphorbia dracunculoides Bangladesh J .Plant Taxon.20(1):27-38,2013.
  [14] Onyebuchi E.Nwankwo,Eucharia chizoba Ezigbo,samuei a gdewo and Sunday e wachukwu.Reliable identification of five taxa of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) of ethnobotanical value by morphological cheracters of the leaves . Phytologia Balcanica. 27(2):203-207, sofia 2021.
  [15] M.K.vyas .Distinguishing Microcharacters of medicinal plant: euphorbia hirta L.and their significance. Journal of Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry ; 8(1) : 464-467 .2019
  [16] Saleh Kassem Algfri1*, Mohammed Ahmed Alshakka 2, Ramzi Tariq Munaiem1, Mohammed Suhail Ockba3 Anatomical and phytochemical study of the leaves of Acasia nilotica Subspecies krassiana International journal of Pharmaceutical and Phytopharmacological Reserch . 4 (6): 310-314 2015
  [17] Kamal.Kumar.V, Rajalakshmi .R.Anatomy and stomatal micromorphology of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.).(DC)(Winged Bin).International Journal of Scientific Reserch in Biological sciences. Vol 6 Issue 1pp .233-239, February 2019.
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  [21] G .L. Shah.,” The Flora of Gujarat State Vol 1 sardar Patel University, vallabh Vidhyanagar. pp.1 to 602.
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  [23] G .U .Ojattah, S .O .Oguche .,”Assessment of Five Elements in Some Cereals Obtained from Ajaka Market in Igalamela /Odulu Local Government Area, Kogi State, Nigeria .,”International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies .Vol 9,Issue -1,pp.19-24,January 2023.

  Citation
  Asha R. Vankar, Kaushik C. Patel, "Botanical Characteristics, Anatomy, and Phytochemical Analysis of Euphorbia Dracunculoides Lam. Talod, Sabarkantha District, Gujarat," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.50-57, 2023

• Open Access   Article

  The Integration of Artificial Intelligence into Distance Education: Opportunities and Challenges

  Parveen Singh, Meenakshi Handa, Anwal Ul Haq

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.58-62, Mar-2023

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  Abstract
  This Paper explores the potential advantages of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into distance education systems. The paper emphasizes AI`s ability to quickly and efficiently process and categorize vast amounts of internet data, allowing for centralized management of educational resources and personalized learning experiences for students. Additionally, the Paper compares traditional machine learning and deep learning techniques and provides an overview of the logical structure of an AI-based distance education system, including its data layer, logical layer, and performance layer. The study evaluates the system`s key features from the perspective of students, instructors, and administrators, providing a theoretical basis for the practical implementation of an AI-powered distance education system.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Artificial intelligence, distance education system, machine learning, deep learning

  References
  [1]. Q. L., L. D., and G. T., "The application of Artificial Intelligence in Mobile Learning," in International Conference on System Science, Engineering Design and Manufacturing Informatization, 2010, pp. 80-83.
  [2]. W. S. and X. G., "The Construction of Undergraduate Machine Learning Course in the Artificial Intelligence Era," in The 13th International Conference on Computer Science & Education (ICCSE 2018), 2010, pp. 62-65.
  [3]. Z. Y., X. T., X. Q., F. Z., and Y. D., "The connotation, key technologies and application trends of educational artificial intelligence (EAI) - Analysis of the reports of `Preparing for the Future of Artificial Intelligence` and `National Strategic Planning for Artificial Intelligence Research and Development` in the United States," in Distance education journal, 2017, vol. 1, pp. 26-35.
  [4]. R. Li, "An artificial intelligence agent technology based web distance education system," in J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst., vol. 40, pp. 3289-3299, 2021.
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  Citation
  Parveen Singh, Meenakshi Handa, Anwal Ul Haq, "The Integration of Artificial Intelligence into Distance Education: Opportunities and Challenges," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.58-62, 2023