Volume-9 , Issue-3 , Jun 2021, ISSN 2348-3423 (Online) Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  Electrical and FTIR Studies on Kidney Stone

  D. Aparna, Jabbar Chyad Atiyah, Kaleem Ahmed Jaleeli, Majid Adil, N.V. Prasad

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.1-6, Jun-2021

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  Abstract
  Based on the geographical and habitual differences among the global population, it is reported that the majority of kidney stones are formed due to the disturbances occurred in metabolism. The kidney stone consists of collagen, calcium-oxalates, hydroxyapatite and many other phosphates. Moreover, water molecule and its traces are also present in kidney stone. Therefore, a kidney stone is considered to be ionic (or polar) nature, and has the capability of storing charges (dielectric). A large effort is being made, globally, in search of the origin of the behavior of kidney stone and, thereby it will be helpful for easy-removal, without surgery. In view of this, detailed impedance and FTIR studies were made on surgically removed urinary stone (kidney stone). The electrical results were compared with natural and human made promising materials namely bio-sample (banana peel) and electroceramics (BaTiO3) for better understanding of the results.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Kinney stone, impedance studies, dielectric relaxation, FTIR, Voigt fitting, bio-material

  References
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  Citation
  D. Aparna, Jabbar Chyad Atiyah, Kaleem Ahmed Jaleeli, Majid Adil, N.V. Prasad, "Electrical and FTIR Studies on Kidney Stone," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.1-6, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  What exactly Destiny is: an exploration from a scientific viewpoint

  Sumeru Ray (Maharshi MahaManas)

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.7-10, Jun-2021

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  Abstract
  `Destiny` is a self-created automatic kinetic energy and force and also a cosmic system that came into existence as soon as the creation of the universe began with the Big Bang. This abstract being is the originator of all cosmic events and activities. At the moment of the explosion, it is automatically determined when, where and what will happen one after the other successively. That is Destiny. Destiny is nothing but the spontaneous natural creator of inevitable future events through action-reaction-interaction, causation, etc. Whatever is happening here, Destiny is at the root of everything, Destiny is responsible for everything. This Destiny is predetermined and unchangeable self-created cosmic system. However, in order for Destiny to be effective, it has to proceed on the path of logic, subject to various factors, subject to environmental conditions, causes, action-reaction interaction, etc. Some of us are happy and some are sad, some are successful and some are unsuccessful because of Destiny. Destiny is responsible for all our troubles problems and misery. Therefore, it is necessary to know the Destiny very well

  Key-Words / Index Term
  What is Destiny, What Destiny actually is, Destiny from a scientific point of view, What exactly Destiny is, Destiny or fate from the view-point of science

  References
  [1] S. Willium, “Computer Science and Engineering,” International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.31, Issue.4, pp.123-141, 2020.
  [2] https://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/9354380417/ref=tmm_pap_swatch_0?ie=UTF8&qid=&sr=

  Citation
  Sumeru Ray (Maharshi MahaManas), "What exactly Destiny is: an exploration from a scientific viewpoint," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.7-10, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Spectroscopic study of Enalapril Maleate and Hydrochlorothiazide

  P. Bhattarai, T. Katuwal

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.11-14, Jun-2021

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  In this work, Raman and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopic techniques are utilized. For the study, Q-Pil 5 and Aquazide tablets were collected from the Banepa Hospital and Education Pvt. Ltd., Banepa, Kavre, which were the merchandise of Quest Pharmaceuticals P. Ltd., Birgunj, Nepal. The Q-Pil 5 and Aquazide contain enalapril maleate and hydrochlorothiazide, respectively, as active ingredients. Spectra of those samples are obtained with help of the EnSpectr Raport instrument (Raman) and FTIR instrument. The main peaks are obtained within the range 1000 -1700 cm-1 in Raman spectra and therefore the range 500 -1800 cm-1 in FTIR spectra. The functional groups corresponding to the main peaks are assigned. These functional groups observed in Raman and FTIR spectra were discovered to be present in the tablets` molecular structure. Hence, this study confirms the reliability of those products available within the market.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Enalapril Maleate, Hydrochlorothiazide

  References
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  Citation
  P. Bhattarai, T. Katuwal, "Spectroscopic study of Enalapril Maleate and Hydrochlorothiazide," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.11-14, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Effect of Inter-dot Coupling on Transmission Probability of a Triple Quantum Dot Systems

  S. Chand, S. Devi

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.15-20, Jun-2021

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  Abstract
  Following the techniques of non-equilibrium Green function theory for quantum transport, the transmission probability for the electron transport process through the system of linear triple quantum dots arranged in series and parallel geometry has been investigated in the presence of Coulombic interaction. The mean field approximation technique has been applied to decouple the higher order Green functions, which contain Coulomb interaction in their equations of motion. The Green functions so obtained have been incorporated in the derivations for the electron transmission coefficient. The transmission coefficient has been calculated numerically and the role of inter-dot tunneling rate in the behavior of transmission coefficient has been investigated. In series case, the signatures of merging of three dots to form a single big dot become visible in the transmission peak when inter-dot tunneling exceeds lead-dot coupling strength. Whereas, in the parallel configuration, the transmission probability peaks display the clear signs of Fano peaks when inter-dot tunneling is turned on, which indicates the inter-dot tunneling induced Fano interference occurring during the electron transport.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Coulomb Blockade Regime, Quantum Dot, Triple Quantum Dot System, Transmission Probability, Fano Effect

  References
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  Citation
  S. Chand, S. Devi, "Effect of Inter-dot Coupling on Transmission Probability of a Triple Quantum Dot Systems," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.15-20, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Effect of Self Phase Modulation on Three Level Code Division Multiplexing Technique

  F. Khosravi, M. Mokhtar, P. Thirunvakkarasu, M.A. Mahdi

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp.21-24, Jun-2021

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  Recently, fibre optics has become the core of telecommunications and data networking infrastructures. The impairments factors in optical fibre communication systems which is divided into two categories: dispersion and nonlinear effects. For multiplexing technique, nonlinear effects are crucial particularly at bit rates and moderate powers. Nonlinear effects limit the maximum amount of power that can be launched into fibre span. Additionally, scattering phenomena and changes in the refractive index with the optical power are responsible for nonlinear effects in optical fibers. Self-phase modulation (SPM), Cross phase modulation (XPM), Four wave mixing (FWM), Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS), Stimulated Brillion Scattering (SBS) are some of nonlinear effects in optical fiber communication system. In this research, effect of SPM on 40 Gb/s, Three Level Code Division Multiplexing (3LCDM), is investigated for optical fiber communication systems over 80 km. The highest SPM threshold is observed in post compensation method, which is around 10.7 dBm.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Three level code division multiplexing, self-phase modulation, dispersion, optical communication, multiplexing technique

  References
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  Citation
  F. Khosravi, M. Mokhtar, P. Thirunvakkarasu, M.A. Mahdi, "Effect of Self Phase Modulation on Three Level Code Division Multiplexing Technique," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.9, Issue.3, pp.21-24, 2021