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• Open Access   Article

  Antifungal potential of blends of specific essential oils against Tinea capitis and Tinea corporis

  Avinash Singh, Ajay Kumar

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp.135-139, Dec-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i6.135139

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  Since ancient times, folk medicines have advantageous from the use of natural products and plant derivatives, such as essential oils, to inhibited different types of diseases. In Nature, essential oils play an important role in protecting the different types of infections on human beings. Combinations of different essential oils are often an option for therapeutic use for human health. Several researchers have examined in detail the modes of action of essential oils and most of their components and combinations. Approximately 90 types of essential oils with more than thousand combinations can be identified as being suggested for dermatological use. This research explores the antifungal properties of essential oils as natural treatment against pathogens responsible for dermatological infections. The purpose of this research is to describe the properties of essential oils, principally as antifungal agents, and their role in the form of combinations.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Essential oils, antifungal, human health, natural treatment, dermatological infections

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  Citation
  Avinash Singh, Ajay Kumar, "Antifungal potential of blends of specific essential oils against Tinea capitis and Tinea corporis," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.6, pp.135-139, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Assessment of Inflammatory Markers in Keelvayu Nivarana Churunam (KNC) Supplementation to Carrageenan-Induced Inflammatory Rats

  G. Vijayabaskar, V. Elango

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp.140-143, Dec-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i6.140143

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  Abstract
  The carrageenan-induced paw edema is a well-defined model of acute inflammation that a variety of inflammatory mediators involves in its development and has wildly been used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of natural products. The results of the current study suggested that KNC possessed anti-inflammatory effects in carrageenan-induced rats. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of KNC may be related to the reduction of oxidative stress markers as MDA, GPx, Catalase and inflammatory markers PGE2, NO2, TNFα, IL6, IL-10, Myloperoxidase and IgM. Furthermore, the protective effect of KNC may result from anti-oxidative effects. Our findings provide new perspectives on the therapeutic use KNC in the management of inflammatory diseases including arthritis.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Inflammatory mediators, Oxidative stress markers Keelvayu Nivarana Churunam (KNC)

  References
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  Citation
  G. Vijayabaskar, V. Elango, "Assessment of Inflammatory Markers in Keelvayu Nivarana Churunam (KNC) Supplementation to Carrageenan-Induced Inflammatory Rats," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.6, pp.140-143, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Comparative Evaluation of Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of South Indian Bioactive Medicinal Plant Tribulus terrestris

  M.S. Uma Maheswari, R.Rajendran

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp.144-149, Dec-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i6.144149

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  Abstract
  In India researchers are focused on plant medicine to avoid the use of synthetic antibiotics. About 80% of rural population depends on herbal medicine for their primary health care. Due to the inadequacy of information about their phytochemical and therapeutic properties, some of these sources are still remained unrevealed. In this present study Tribulus terrestris (TT) was collected from local area in and around Gobichettipalayam, Erode and Tiruppur District, India. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of Tribulus terrestris (TT) was performed in seven solvents of Chloroform, Petroleum ether, Acetone, Methanol, Ethanol, Ethyl acetate and Aqueous extracts. The phytochemical analysis of crude extracts of Tribulus terrestris showed the presence of carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, glycosides, tannins, terpenoids, phenols, alkaloids and saponins. Each crude extract of the plant Tribulus terrestris was comparatively analyzed for presence of phytoconstituents and ethyl acetate has good extractability. The qualitative estimation of Tannins, Alkaloids, and Flavonoids in the Ethyl acetate extract of Tribulus terrestris was determined by the standard methods. The total Tannin, Alkaloid and Flavonoid content of the Ethyl acetate extracts were 2.76µg/ml,0.56mg/ml and 0.45mg/ml. The thin layer chromatography was performed to find most active constituent in all fractions.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Tribulus terrestris, Phytochemical screening, Leaf Extract, Secondary Metabolites

  References
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  Citation
  M.S. Uma Maheswari, R.Rajendran, "Comparative Evaluation of Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of South Indian Bioactive Medicinal Plant Tribulus terrestris," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.6, pp.144-149, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Gentamicin Induced Hepatotoxicity: An approach of Hepatoprotecion by Garlic

  R. Mishra and V.K. Shrivastava

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp.150-156, Dec-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i6.150156

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  Abstract
  Gentamicin hepatotoxicity is a major clinical drawback. This investigation was performed to scrutinize the effect of garlic extract as a herbal antidote on liver toxicity after treatment with gentamicin in male albino rats. Gentamicin is a widely used anti-infective broad-spectrum antibiotic of aminoglycoside family. Side effects of gentamicin medication occur due to free radical formation. Garlic, the bulb of Allium sativum, is universally used as a spice and also known for its medicinal and antioxidant properties. Forty adult male albino rats, Rattus norvegicus were randomly classified into four groups of ten each. Group 1 received 0.9% normal saline orally per day and served as control while group 2 received gentamicin intramuscularly per day, however group 3 received both gentamicin intramuscularly per day and garlic extract orally per day, while group 4 received only garlic extract orally per day for 30 and 60 days respectively. Gentamicin caused various structural and functional changes in hepatic cell, increased glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and decreased total protein and creatinine level. Co-administration of garlic extract to rats ameliorates the gentamicin toxicity at some extent in hepatic cells as shown in the results of biochemical, enzymological and histopathological studies. Garlic extract was effective in recovering the level of hepatic enzymes, biochemical markers and histological alterations; hence, it may be concluded that garlic reduces the gentamicin hepatotoxicity in rats.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Gentamicin; Hepatotoxicity; Garlic extract; Hepatoprotection; Male Rattus norvegicus

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  Citation
  R. Mishra and V.K. Shrivastava, "Gentamicin Induced Hepatotoxicity: An approach of Hepatoprotecion by Garlic," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.6, pp.150-156, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Pharmacognostic, physiochemical and Phytochemical Profile of Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd. and Alpinia calcarata Roscoe

  Silvy Mathew

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp.157-162, Dec-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i6.157162

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  Abstract
  Alpinia galanga and Alpinia calcarata (Zingiberaceae), are rare, fast disappearing, threatened species and well known ayurvedic herbs and are used as medicine due to anti-bronchitis, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, anti-cough, anti-diabetic and anti-bacterial properties. The aim of present study was to gather information for the systematic identification and authentication of these valuable species as per WHO guidelines. Powdered leaves of A.calcarata showed high alcohol soluble extractive value, high moisture content, total ash value than rhizome powder and contrary in A.galanga. On the basis of fluorescence analysis rhizomes of these species carry more active ingredients chiefly used for therapeutical purposes. The presences of alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids etc. were confirmed during preliminary phytochemical screening. The pharmacognostic characters obtained in the present investigation might be useful in drug industry for the identification, authentication and quality of commercial samples supplied by suppliers and will be very useful in designing the monograph on these drugs in the Indian Pharmacopoeia.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  A. calcarata, A. galanga, phytochemical, Pharmaceutical, Physiochemical

  References
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  Citation
  Silvy Mathew , "Pharmacognostic, physiochemical and Phytochemical Profile of Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd. and Alpinia calcarata Roscoe," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.6, pp.157-162, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Bacterial Production of Protease-A Preliminary Study

  R. Anusuya, K. Srimathi

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp.163-169, Dec-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i6.163169

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  Abstract
  Proteolytic enzyme, also called protease, proteinase, or peptidase, any of a group of enzymes that break the long chainlike molecules of protein into shorter fragments (peptides) and eventually into their components, amino acids proteolytic enzymes are present in bacteria. Protease are produced from various sources but only little information is available regarding the bacterial population in fish wastes of Chidambaram fish market and their efficiency in synthesizing protease enzyme. Isolated 25 bacterial strains and found that only 5 of them are capable of producing protease enzyme that are Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. was the best protease producer among the tested strains. In the present study, all the bacterial species isolated had a better potentiality of degrading market fish wastes.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Protease, Enzyme, Pseudomonas and Bacillus

  References
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  Citation
  R. Anusuya, K. Srimathi, "Bacterial Production of Protease-A Preliminary Study," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.6, pp.163-169, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Anticonvulsant Activity of Majoon Najah Against PTZ Induced Seizure in Swiss Albino Mice

  Zeba Afrin, Aisha Siddiqui, M.A Jafri, Divya vohora, M Asif

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp.170-179, Dec-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i6.170179

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  Abstract
  Objective: To compare the anticonvulsant activity of Majoon Najah, its hydroalcoholc extract and granular form through Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) test in swiss albino mice. Material & Methods: Majoon Najah (MN), its hydroalcoholic extract (HEMN) and granular form (GMN) were tested for anticonvulsant activity using Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) test animal model. To evaluate the effect of test drugs on motor co-ordination, muscle co-ordination test by rotarod was carried out. Results: It was found that MN (p<0.01), HEMN and GMN (p<0.001) significantly increased the latency of myoclonic jerks and clonic generalized seizures when compared with control. The findings of the rotarod test suggest that the test drugs (MN, HEMN and GMN) did not produced any motor inco-ordination. So MN, HEMN and GMN are safer than conventional antiepileptic drugs. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the experiment performed that Majoon Najah, its hydoalcoholic extract and granular form possess significant anticonvulsant activity.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Majoon Najah, anticonvulsant, pentylenetetrazole, mice

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  Citation
  Zeba Afrin, Aisha Siddiqui, M.A Jafri, Divya vohora, M Asif, "Anticonvulsant Activity of Majoon Najah Against PTZ Induced Seizure in Swiss Albino Mice," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.6, pp.170-179, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Siderophores detection by using blue agar CAS assay methods

  K. Srimathi, H. Ann suji

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp.180-185, Dec-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i6.180185

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  Abstract
  The low iron molecules produced from various sources are the siderophores. These are taken up by bacteria to help their process of iron uptake which is necessary for all microbes to obtain environmental iron indeed for important processes. In the present study, siderophore production by bacteria present in the coastal waters of Parangipettai was analyzed. Among the total of 40 isolates obtained, only five were able to produce siderophores by the CAS agar plate assay method. The production of an orange or a yellow hallow zone around a colony indicated that it is a siderophore producer. The present study provides a detailed protocol to prepare the CAS agar without any difficulty.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Siderophores, ferric iron, Bacillus, Pseudomonas

  References
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  [13]. S.K. Ghosh, S. Pal, N. Chakraborty. 2015. The qualitative and quantitative assay of siderophore production by some microorganisms and effect of different media on its production, Int. J. Chem. Sci. 13 1621–1629.
  
  [14]. B.C. Louden, D. Haarmann, A. Lynne, Use of blue agar CAS assay for siderophore detection, J. Microbiol. Biol. Educ. 12 (2011) 51–53, doi: 10.1128/ jmbe.v12i1.249. [25] M.K. Solanki, R.K.
  

  Citation
  K. Srimathi, H. Ann suji, "Siderophores detection by using blue agar CAS assay methods," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.6, pp.180-185, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  A review of potential candidate genes polymorphism responsible for schiz-ophrenia risk

  Indu Priya, Sakshi Sharma, Isar Sharma, Ritu Mahajan and Nisha Kapoor

  Review Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp.186-195, Dec-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i6.186195

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  Abstract
  Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a strong heritable disorder that involves multiple gene combination, each conferring a little increase in the burden to the disease. Due to the complexity of disease, it is difficult to find susceptible genes and promising biomarker. The true etiology of SCZ is still not fully understood, however, recent studies on SCZ molecular genetics, with a focus on candidate genes approach affirms and predicate association with SCZ. Some investigators have reported the involvement of environment factors in the formation and progression of the Schizophrenia. Literature has been surveyed that reports association between genetic variation and SCZ also between genetic polymorphisms and clinical outcomes. The present study focuses on human populations to review SNPs of various genes which show best association with the disease. We have identified 60 published case control studies that have studied association of various SNPs in different population.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Association studies, Schizophrenia, SNPs, Genes, Inheritance

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  Citation
  Indu Priya, Sakshi Sharma, Isar Sharma, Ritu Mahajan and Nisha Kapoor, "A review of potential candidate genes polymorphism responsible for schiz-ophrenia risk," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.6, pp.186-195, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Freshwater Zooplankton diversity of Halali reservoir: A Review

  Mohd Wasarat, Rajendra Chauhan

  Review Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp.196-198, Dec-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i6.196198

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  Abstract
  Investigations on Zooplankton species were conducted monthly using standard methods in Halali reservoir between Mar. 2016 to Feb. 2017. The plankton fauna of the state of madhya pardesh, central India, especially in the Betwa basin, is still poorly known. Thus, this paper presents data from samples taken recently from different sites in Halali. A total of 23 species were recorded, including 13 new occurred rotifers, 07 of cladocerans and 03 of copepods for the state of Halali. The maximum richness was seen for the rotifers, of which the Genus Brachionus have to be highlighted, mainly at the Halali reservoir.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Zooplankton, cladocerans, copepods, Brachionus

  References
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  Citation
  Mohd Wasarat, Rajendra Chauhan, "Freshwater Zooplankton diversity of Halali reservoir: A Review," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.6, pp.196-198, 2018