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• Open Access   Article

  Prognostic Role of Preoperative Circulatory Immune Cells and ratio of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte and Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte in Women with Breast Cancer of Saurastra, Gujarat Re

  Priya Mehta, Girish K Goswami, Nimesh Rupala

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp.1-7, Aug-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i4.17

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  Abstract
  Cancer is one of the frequently talked and most feared diseases that have evolved, rather rapidly in the past two decades. Breast cancer, a multifactorial disease is the second most common malignancy related mortality among women worldwide. Routine diagnosis for breast cancer is usually done by mammography and histopathology, but current research data suggest that other non-disease specific biomarkers such as protein profiling, tumor specific hormones, hematocrit, serum proteins etc are also hypothesized to be associated with overall health outcome of the patients and can serve as a supplementary parameter to predict overall prognosis of the patients. The present study concerns about relative analysis of Hematocrit and WBC parameters among patients at the time of diagnosis along with the examination of ratio of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte (NLR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte (PLR) and Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte (LMR) by fully automated clinical biochemistry analyzer and its correlation with other socio-demographic factors prevalent among the patients. For this purpose, preoperative blood samples of breast cancer patients were collected from Rajkot Cancer Hospital and results were compared with age and sex matched healthy volunteers. The present study conclude that high NLR ratio in 27%, high PLR ratio in 7.81 % and low LMR ratio in 14.75% of patients was obtained among the studied population.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Breast Cancer, Socio-demographic, WBC, NLR, PLR, LMR, prognosis

  References
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  Citation
  Priya Mehta, Girish K Goswami, Nimesh Rupala, "Prognostic Role of Preoperative Circulatory Immune Cells and ratio of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte and Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte in Women with Breast Cancer of Saurastra, Gujarat Re," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.4, pp.1-7, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Production of cellulases through Solid State Fermentation (SSF) using agricultural waste biomass as solid substrates by Aspergillus niger

  P. R. Kakde, S. C. Aithal

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp.8-11, Aug-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i4.811

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  Abstract
  A study was conducted to appraise the potential of using agricultural lignocellulosic wastes for cellulase production by Aspergillus niger through Solid State Fermentation (SSF) technique. In the present study, agricultural waste biomass like Banana Peels (BP), Cotton Stalks and Leaves (CSL), Green Pea Shell (GPS), Soybean Leaves and Stalks (SLS), Sugarcane Bagasse (SB), Tur Leaves (TL) and Wheat Straw (WS) were used as substrates. These untreated substrates were found to be well suited for the organism’s growth, producing good amounts of cellulases. It was observed that GPS, SB, TL, BP served as better substrates than others for fungal growth. These four substrates were thus selected for cellulase production study. They were supplemented with nitrogen source in the form peptone, casein, sodium nitrate and urea. This comparative study for the cellulase production via SSF indicated that cellulase activity produced by A. niger was higher in GPS supplemented with casein at pH 5 and incubation temperature of 50°C when incubated for 60 min.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Aspergillus niger, Agricultural waste biomass, Cellulases, Solid State Fermentation (SSF)

  References
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  [14] C. Krishna “Solid-state fermentation systems – An Overview”, Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. Vol. 25, pp. 1–30, 2005.
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  Citation
  P. R. Kakde, S. C. Aithal, "Production of cellulases through Solid State Fermentation (SSF) using agricultural waste biomass as solid substrates by Aspergillus niger," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.4, pp.8-11, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activity in Roots of Hygrophila schulli (Buch.-Ham.) M.R.Almeida & S.M. Almeida

  Murugan S and Kumar GV

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp.12-16, Aug-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i4.1216

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  Abstract
  Nowadays herbal medicines form an important part of health care system, due to lots of side effects and complications in the modern medicine. The novel compounds synthesized in plants as secondary metabolites are the potential source of therapeutical uses. Plants produced significant amount of novel compounds to prevent the oxidative stress related diseases and can be used as antioxidant. One such attempt had been made in the present study in investigating the roots of Hygrophila schulli member of acanthaceae family for an antioxidant activity. The roots of H.schulli were extracted using petroleum ether as a solvent. Various assays such as DPPH (1,1-diphenyl 2-picryihydrazyl) free radical, ABTS radical cation, Phosphomolybdeunm reduction assay and ferric reducing power activity were checked for the antioxidant ability and free radical scavenging activity. In all these assays the root extract of H.schulli showed maximum reducing activity of free radical scavenging activity. The IC 50 value of the root extract in each assay was compared with the standard value of ascorbic acid and found Hygrophila schulli has a strong antioxidant and free Radical Scavenging Activity.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Hygrophila schulli, antioxidant, Free radical, DPPH, ABTS, Phosphomolybdeunm, Fe3+

  References
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  7. M. Prasanna, S. Sridhar, “Studies on Antioxidant Activity, Phenol and Flavonoid Content of The Medicinal Plant Hygrophila auriculata”, Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Science. 4, 306-311, 2017.
  8. S. Satpathy, A. Patra, M.D. Hussain, B. Ahirwar, “Amelioration of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and Anticancer Properties of an Antioxidant Enriched Fraction From Hygrophila spinosa T. Anders”, South African Journal of Botany. 117, 247-255, 2018.
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  11. M.P. Sridhar, N. Nandakumar, T. Rangarajan, M.P. Balasubramanian, “Amelioraton of mercuric chloride induced oxidative stress by Hygrophila auriculata (K.Schum) Heine via modulating the oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in rat liver”, Journal of Biochemical Technology. 4, 622-627, 2013.
  12. M.H. Sehitoglu, H. Han, P. Kalin, I. Gulcin, A. Ozkan, H.Y. Aboul-Enein, J. Enzyme Inhib. Med Chem. 30, 264-269, 2015.
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  Citation
  Murugan S and Kumar GV, "Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activity in Roots of Hygrophila schulli (Buch.-Ham.) M.R.Almeida & S.M. Almeida," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.4, pp.12-16, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Synthesis and Characterization of 2-Chloro-6-fluorobenzylalcohol using Electrochemical Approach

  Ritu Saharan

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp.17-20, Aug-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i4.1720

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  Abstract
  Electrochemical Synthesis and characterization of 2-Chloro-6-fluorobenzylalcohol is investigated. The electrochemical behavior and electrochemical reduction of 2-Chloro-6-flourobenzaldehydeis has been carried out using cyclic voltammetry having glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and constant current electrolysis respectively. Reduction reaction peaks at various scan rate and pH has been reported. In kinetic parameters study, the process has been found to be diffusion controlled. The synthesized 2-Chloro-6-fluorobenzylalcohol has been characterized using IR, 1HNMR and Mass spectral analysis.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Cyclic voltammetry, Electrochemical Synthesis, Constant current electrolysis, Glassy carbon electrode, Electrochemical reduction

  References
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  Citation
  Ritu Saharan, "Synthesis and Characterization of 2-Chloro-6-fluorobenzylalcohol using Electrochemical Approach," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.4, pp.17-20, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Feeding pattern of an Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) in periphyton based monoculture and polyculture earthen pond

  Sandip Majumder, Neha Majumdar, Pinki Ghosh, Kousik Roy, Surjya Kumar Saikia, Samar Kumar Saha

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp.21-28, Aug-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i4.2128

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  Abstract
  Food selection of Labeo rohita were studied in periphyton based monoculture and polyculture environment. Electivity Index was used to determine the diet selection under two different culture environments. The fish fed a range of diet. Feed study revealed that fingerlings and adults of rohu differ significantly in selection of food items. More particularly algal groups were taken predominantly during all the growth stages, however, the fish strongly rejected most of the large zooplankton and zooperiphyton during the later months. This investigation found that rohu feed on phytoplankton throughout the life even in the early stage of life. But at early stage it prefers to consume zooplankton in higher quantity and phytoplankton in less quantity, even some blue green algae is preferred throughout the ontogeny of the fish. The study revealed planktivorous nature of feeding of rohu mostly on algal food organisms from both periphytic and planktonic origin and suggests that rohu extends its feeding niche to periphyton along with plankton in substrate based system.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Periphyton, Plankton, Polyculture, Labeo rohita, Gut content, Electivity index

  References
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  Citation
  Sandip Majumder, Neha Majumdar, Pinki Ghosh, Kousik Roy, Surjya Kumar Saikia, Samar Kumar Saha, "Feeding pattern of an Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) in periphyton based monoculture and polyculture earthen pond," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.4, pp.21-28, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  General health status and morbidity pattern of bus drivers in West Bengal

  S. Mukherjee, C. K. Pradhan, I. Chakraborty, A. Saha, S. Thakur, S. Sahu

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp.29-39, Aug-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i4.2939

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  Abstract
  Bus driving is a paradigm of highly strenuous occupation, with high risks of physical and mental ill-health. The drivers must respond to various unforeseen demands over which they have petite control. In driving time they are exposed to different types of hazards but there is dearth of data. This study was aimed at evaluating the general health status of the bus drivers, their demographic profile and morbidity pattern. Bus drivers (n= 254) were randomly taken from different bus depot and divided into two groups according to years of experience. Different type of physical, physiological and biochemical parameters were measured. Detailed job profile of bus drivers was also analyzed with the help of questionnaire. Jaundice, skin diseases, malaria were most prevalent among the two groups of bus drivers due to unhealthy and unhygienic environmental condition at workplaces. It was also observed that most of the bus drivers of two groups had one or multiple addictions and they take it in regular basis. They were compelled to work in different types of strenuous work, which may negatively affect their work capacity along with their physiological and psychological behavior also.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Bus drivers, health status, occupational stress, Morbidity pattern

  References
  Figure 4: Perception about the job of the two groups of bus drivers
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  Citation
  S. Mukherjee, C. K. Pradhan, I. Chakraborty, A. Saha, S. Thakur, S. Sahu, "General health status and morbidity pattern of bus drivers in West Bengal," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.4, pp.29-39, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Evaluation of free radical scavenging activity of Neiebuhria apetala DUNN leaf extracts

  A. Balamurugan, A. Doss, B. Parthipan, V.R. Mohan

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp.40-46, Aug-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i4.4046

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  Abstract
  The present investigation is to assess the antioxidant properties of leaf extracts of Neiebuhria apetala using different in vitro methods. The antioxidant activity was studied by DPPH radical scavenging method, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power methods. Ethanol extract of leaf showed very good antioxidant properties. The present study exposed that ethanol extract of N. apetala include effective potential source of natural antioxidant, which might be useful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stresses.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Medicinal plants, ROS, Antioxidant activity, DPPH, Superoxide assay

  References
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  Citation
  A. Balamurugan, A. Doss, B. Parthipan, V.R. Mohan, "Evaluation of free radical scavenging activity of Neiebuhria apetala DUNN leaf extracts," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.4, pp.40-46, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Effects of soybean meal incorporated diet on enzyme producing autochthonous gut bacteria in fingerlings of Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

  Pinki Ghosh, Suhas K. Dan, Goutam Banerjee, Sandip Majumder, Ankita Nandi, Kousik Roy, Arun K. Ray

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp.47-54, Aug-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i4.4754

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  Abstract
  Gut microbiota have important role in the digestive process of fish. Soybean meal based diet effects on gut microbiota of Labeo rohita by altering enzymatic activities like amylase, protease and cellulase. Two diets were prepared, one using fish meal and the other using soybean meal as the major protein source. The feeding trial was conducted in 90L circular flow-through fibre-glass tanks for 90 days under laboratory condition. After ninety days of feeding trial fish weight gain percentage, SGR FCR, PER was better with soybean meal diet in comparison to the fish meal diet. Amylase, cellulase and protease producing aerobic bacterial count were increased in both the proximal intestine (PI) and distal intestine (DI). The isolated strains from the PI and DI of the test fish were screened by qualitative enzyme test. The specific amylase, cellulase and protease activity before and after feeding trial were recorded. A distinct change in the quantitative enzyme activities in the bacterial strains were noticed after feeding with soybean meal diets which indicated that soybean meal can influence the autochthonous enzyme-producing microbial community in the GI tract of fish.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Gut bacteria, Soybean meal, Enzyme activity, Labeo rohita, Growth

  References
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  Citation
  Pinki Ghosh, Suhas K. Dan, Goutam Banerjee, Sandip Majumder, Ankita Nandi, Kousik Roy, Arun K. Ray, "Effects of soybean meal incorporated diet on enzyme producing autochthonous gut bacteria in fingerlings of Labeo rohita (Hamilton)," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.4, pp.47-54, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Acute toxicity study and behavioural response of Indian minor carp Labeo bata by the exposure of nonylphenol ethoxylate

  K. Roy, D.K. Mandal

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp.55-60, Aug-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i4.5560

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  Abstract
  Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE), a member of alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs) is a toxic xenobiotic compound and non-ionic surfactants. It is used widely as a raw material for processing and cleaning in so many factories, mills and industries. In the present study, median lethal concentration (LC50) of NPE was monitored in the Indian minor carp Labeo bata through probit analysis method. Behavioural responses were also observed in this fish upto 96 hours experimental period with the exposure of NPE. The LC50 value of NPE was followed as 4.90 mg L-1, 4.79 mg L-1, 4.68 mg L-1 and 4.47 mg L-1 at 24h, 48h, 72h and 96h respectively for the fish L. bata. In the exposed fishes, excessive mucous secretion was observed over the body surface and also various type of behavioural changes were followed as suffocation, erratic swimming opening of mouth and gill, lethargic movement upward and downward movement and gulping before death. NPE is moderately toxic to the fish L.bata according to its LC50 values. Behavioural modifications were considered as a stress marker for the Indian minor carp L.bata with the exposure of NPE.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Nonylphenol ethoxylate, Median lethal concentration, Behaviour, Labeo bata

  References
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  K. Roy, D.K. Mandal, "Acute toxicity study and behavioural response of Indian minor carp Labeo bata by the exposure of nonylphenol ethoxylate," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.4, pp.55-60, 2018

• Open Access   Article

  Tosyl ester(s) of α-hydroxy acid(s) – Synthesis and antimicrobial studies

  R. Kavitha and S. Ananthalakshmi

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRBS)

  Vol.5 , Issue.4 , pp.61-65, Aug-2018

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v5i4.6165

  Abstract

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  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  Tosyl ester(s) of α-hydroxy acid(s) were prepared by treating the acid with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (TsCl) in the presence of pyridine. The products were isolated, identified by TLC and characterized by IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral techniques. Anti microbial activity of the synthesized compounds were studied by Agar well diffusion method against two bacterial (Escherichia Coli and Staphylococus Aureus) and two fungal (Candida albicans and Aspergillus Niger) species using Ciprofloxacin against the bacterial strains, Nystatin against Candida albicans and Amphotericin against Aspergillus niger as standard antibiotics. The results infer that the tosyl ester(s) of α- hydroxy acid(s) are potentially active against bacterial and fungal strains.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Tosyl esters, α-hydroxy acids, Sulfonyl sulfur, TLC technique, Antimicrobial activity, Agar well diffusion method

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  Citation
  R. Kavitha and S. Ananthalakshmi, "Tosyl ester(s) of α-hydroxy acid(s) – Synthesis and antimicrobial studies," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.5, Issue.4, pp.61-65, 2018