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• Open Access   Article

  Optimization of exopolysaccharide production by response surface methodology from Enterococcus faecium isolated from the fermented foods of Western Himalaya

  Aditi Chauhan, Sarbjit Singh Kanwar

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp.1-11, Aug-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v6i4.111

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  Abstract
  Eleven potential probiotic bacteria isolated from traditional fermented foods of Western Himalaya were screened for exopolysaccharide production by using ruthenium red milk agar and 3 isolates viz. AdF1, AdF2 and AdF3 were found to be positive. The quantitative analysis of exopolysaccharide production was done by phenol sulphuric acid method where AdF3 showed highest EPS production. For optimization of exopolysaccharide production carbon source, nitrogen source, pH, temperature and incubation time were optimized by using One Variable at a Time approach (OVAT) followed by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Lactose was found to be the best carbon source (5% for AdF1 and 6% for AdF2 & AdF3) and yeast extract as the best nitrogen source (13.82% for AdF1 and 14.51 % for AdF2 & AdF3). The optimum pH, temperature and incubation time were 6.75, 37ºC and 60 h, respectively for all the isolates. Under optimized conditions, an overall increase of 1.55, 1.37 and 1.42 folds in EPS production was observed with AdF1, AdF2 and AdF3, respectively.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Exopolysaccharide, Enterococcus faecium, Response surface methodology

  References
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  Citation
  Aditi Chauhan, Sarbjit Singh Kanwar, "Optimization of exopolysaccharide production by response surface methodology from Enterococcus faecium isolated from the fermented foods of Western Himalaya," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.4, pp.1-11, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Investigation on Antimicrobial Activity of Nickel(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes with Schiff Base Derived from Aminoacid Valine With Citral: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Analysis

  M. Bencela, S. Sudha Kumari, T.S. Parmila

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp.12-16, Aug-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v6i4.1216

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  Abstract
  Ni(II) and Zn(II) metal complexes with Schiff base derived from Citral and Valine are synthesised and characterized on the basis of spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, and UV-Visible) and magnetic susceptibility studies The IR spectral data indicated that the Schiff base coordinated to central Ni(II) and Zn(II) ions in a bridged-tridentate and bidentate fashion respectively. Magnetic moment and spectral studies suggest distorted octahedral around the Ni(II) ion and tetrahedral geomtry around Zn(II) ion. The preliminary antimicrobial activity has been evaluated against two Gram-negative bacteria; namely, Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Escherichia coli, one gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, and antifungal activity are tested against Aspergillus sps and Candida albicans using disc diffusion method. The result revealed that Ni(II) complex exhibited potent activity when compared to Zn(II) complex and Schiff base.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Schiff base, Citral, valine, metal complexes, antimicrobial activity

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  Citation
  M. Bencela, S. Sudha Kumari, T.S. Parmila, "Investigation on Antimicrobial Activity of Nickel(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes with Schiff Base Derived from Aminoacid Valine With Citral: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Analysis," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.4, pp.12-16, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis And Antimicrobial Activty Of Andrographis Serphyllifolia- (Rottler ex Vahl) Wight: Acanthaceae

  Vadivalagan A, Kannan. R, V. Balasubramaniam

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp.17-21, Aug-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v6i4.1721

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  Abstract
  Andrographis serpyllifolia (Rottler ex Vahl) Wight, belonging to Acanthaceae family known for its ethnobotanical importance and possess anti- venom potential especially for snake and scorpion bites. The present study is focused to evaluate the phytochemical profiles and antimicrobial activity A. serpyllifolia using petroleum ether, acetone and methanol solvents. The results revealed that presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, steroids, glycosides, tannins and resins in various extracts studied. Antibacterial activity of A. serpyllifolia against Gram negative bacterial strains Serratia marcescens and Escherichia coli showed 6 mm and 9 mm zone of inhibition respectively in 50% concentration of extracts studied. Antifungal activity of petroleum ether extract showed highest zone of inhibition (11 mm) against Penicillium notatum and Fusarium oxysporum at 100% concentration.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Andrographis serpyllifolia, phytochemical screening and anti-microbial activity

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  Citation
  Vadivalagan A, Kannan. R, V. Balasubramaniam, "Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis And Antimicrobial Activty Of Andrographis Serphyllifolia- (Rottler ex Vahl) Wight: Acanthaceae," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.4, pp.17-21, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Novel Fruit Juice Based Nutraceutical Formulation with Probiotic and Cholesterol Reduction Properties

  Ajitha S. Nair, Aparna V. Dubhashi

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp.22-28, Aug-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v6i4.2228

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  This work encompasses the use of a sporulating probiotic culture, Brevibacillus borstelensis, to prepare a nutraceutical product with a mixed fruit juice as a carrier for the culture. Lyophilization of the formulation was carried out using different dehydrating agents, pectin, ascorbic acid, gelatin, gum Arabic and maltodextrin in specific permissible concentrations. Pectin gave the best results in terms of consistency and appearance of the nutraceutical powder, hence was used in the final formulation. The nutraceutical powder was then analysed for its shelf life, physical, chemical and nutritional profile. It was also tested for heavy metal contaminants, antibacterial activity and cholesterol reduction capability. Microbiological safety of the formulation was verified according to FSSAI manual. Encouraging results were obtained from the analyses. Lyophilization helped retain the nutrients of the fruits as well as improved the keeping quality of the formulation. The novel probiotic containing nutraceutical powder prepared could be helpful to lactose intolerant population. Its cholesterol reduction property could be beneficial to hypercholesteraemic individuals.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Nutraceutical, probiotic, Brevibacillus borstelensis, mixed fruit juice, cholesterol reduction

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  Citation
  Ajitha S. Nair, Aparna V. Dubhashi, "Novel Fruit Juice Based Nutraceutical Formulation with Probiotic and Cholesterol Reduction Properties," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.4, pp.22-28, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  DNA barcoding and evolutionary lineage of banana skipper Erionota torus (Evans) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) from Malabar, a part of Southern WesternGhats, India

  K. Abdul Jaleel, S.M. Ghosh, V. Jiji Joseph

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp.29-32, Aug-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v6i4.2932

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  All Severe incidence of banana leaf roller Erionota spp. has been noticed in banana plantations of Malabar region of Kerala a part of Western Ghat, India. It is currently proposed that banana defoliater E. thrax and E. torus occur together in Kerala and many researchers have treated them as a single species. At present there is no published information regarding whether, one or both the species of Erionota coexist during the occasional outbreak of banana skipper in Kerala.Also it is unknown whether in the field the associated parasitoids attack both species ,equally or showed some preference for one or the other .This information is essential for the implementation of effective biological control programmes against this pest. Since the early stages of E. thrax and E. torus cannot be distinguished easily , and as they are common pests of banana, morphological identification of species is difficult. The present study is aimed to confirm the Erionota species from Malabar region of Kerala by using a molecular genetic approach. We sequenced the partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene sequence (COI ) having 650 base pair DNA from specimens collected from selected localities of Malabar region of Kerala ,India. The COI sequences of the banana skipper supported the existence of E.torus species in the infested areas and all the parasitoid species collected during the course of study where that of E.torus .

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Erionota torus,Erionota thrax,COX I,DNA barcoding ,Musa spp

  References
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  Citation
  K. Abdul Jaleel, S.M. Ghosh, V. Jiji Joseph, "DNA barcoding and evolutionary lineage of banana skipper Erionota torus (Evans) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) from Malabar, a part of Southern WesternGhats, India," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.4, pp.29-32, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Influence of Organic Derivatives on Direct Regeneration of finger millet genotype CO 9

  G. Atul Babu, R. Ravindhran

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp.33-42, Aug-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v6i4.3342

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  Finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) is a commercially important food crop extensively cultivated in the arid and semi-arid tropical regions of India and East Africa. The current study was designed to develop an efficient protocol for micropropagation by the influence of additives to enhance the number of shoots per explant from Shoot Apical Meristems (SAMs) of finger millet genotype CO 9. The highest shoot regeneration frequency (95.89%) with an average of 46.52 shoots per explant and 10.86 cm shoot length per explant was achieved when SAMs were cultured in Shoot Regeneration Medium (SRM) containing Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP), 2.0 mg/L Kinetin and 5% coconut water, 300 mg/L proline and 400 mg/L casein enzymatic hydrolysate, and 3 mg/L glycine. Sub-culturing the SAMs in SRM at 2 weeks interval for 8 weeks resulted in an increase in the number of shoots per explant. The highest rooting frequency (100%) with an average root length of 7.32 cm was obtained on full-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.25 mg/L IAA. and successfully acclimated in the field, subsequently developed into fertile plants. Thus, the procedure described is a rapid and consistent method useful for efficient large-scale propagation and genetic transformation in finger millet.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Eleusine coracana, shoot apical meristems, Shoot Regeneration Medium, Random amplified polymorphic DNA

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  G. Atul Babu, R. Ravindhran, "Influence of Organic Derivatives on Direct Regeneration of finger millet genotype CO 9," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.4, pp.33-42, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Enhancing acclimatization of tissue cultured plants of Albizia amara by Biotization

  G. Indravathi, P. Suresh Babu

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp.43-50, Aug-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v6i4.4350

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  Abstract
  The anatomical, morphological and physiological characteristics of the in vitro developed micro shoots, for a majority of the woody species, have a great impact on subsequent rooting and survival after transfer to greenhouse conditions. Any effort to improve these characteristics by controlling the stressful culture conditions undoubtedly contributes to better rooting of micro cuttings and/or acclimatization of the microplants. In the present investigation, timber yielding leguminous tree, Albizia amara has been selected for micropropagation owing to their, importance as a plant with potential medicinal value. Micropropagated plantlets usually exhibit high mortality rate upon their transfer from lab to land as a result of transplantation shock caused by abiotic and biotic stresses and weak root system. Biotization is the metabolic response of in vitro grown plant material to a microbial inoculum. It leads to morphological and physiological development of plant material thereby enhancing biotic and abiotic stress resistance. The in vitro grown micro shoots of Albizia amara with root primordia were treated with bio inoculants namely - Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma viride and transferred to plastic pots containing sterilized potting mixture (soil: peat : vermiculite: perlite in 2:1:1:1). There were four treatments viz. control, treatment with T.viride and P. fluorescens separately and dual inoculation. Percent survival of plantlets was observed maximum (82%) in dual inoculation, this must be due to the positive interaction between T.viride and P. fluorescens and their ability to enhance stress tolerance by protecting them from subsequent ‘transplantation shock’. These plantlets also exhibited an increase in root length, the number of lateral roots, shoot length, leaf number, and plant biomass.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Biotization,,micropropagation,acclimatization, A.amara, T.viride , P. fluorescens

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  Citation
  G. Indravathi, P. Suresh Babu, "Enhancing acclimatization of tissue cultured plants of Albizia amara by Biotization," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.4, pp.43-50, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Avifaunal study of Majalgaon Reservoir and their tributaries, District Beed, Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India

  R. T. Pawar, T.S. Pathan, Y.M. Bhosale

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp.51-55, Aug-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v6i4.5155

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  Abstract
  An avifaunal survey was conducted at Majalgaon Reservoir for two years, starting from July 2016 to June 2018. The study reveals a rich avian diversity a total of 84 species of birds belonging to 15 orders and 30 families were identified. As the water of the wetland is clear, rich in dissolved oxygen and supports variety of aquatic weeds and fishes, it has been found to be suitable for birds and attracts many migratory birds like large egert, purple heron, white bellied heron, asian open bill stork, greater flamingo, white naked stork etc. Continuous monitoring on the avifaunal diversity was suggested to evaluate the ecological status of the habitats and birds. It can be considered as an efficient tool to the environmentalists, policy makers in order to conserve such species, because, the role of birds in an ecosystem cannot be ignored.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Majalgaon Reservoir, Avian diversity, Sindphana river, Migratory Birds etc

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  Citation
  R. T. Pawar, T.S. Pathan, Y.M. Bhosale, "Avifaunal study of Majalgaon Reservoir and their tributaries, District Beed, Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.4, pp.51-55, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Utilization of Low-cost Agricultural Waste for Removal of Toxic Metals from Environment: A Review

  Snigdha Singh, Indra Jeet Chaudhary, Pankaj Kumar

  Review Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp.56-61, Aug-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v6i4.5661

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  Abstract
  Rapid urbanization and industrialization are the leading causes of environmental pollution nowadays. Heavy metals are serious toxic pollutants in soil, water, and air environments. Anthropogenic activity including industrial waste and dust is a widely known source for metal pollution. Various techniques are being used including ion-exchange, membrane filtration, electrolysis, coagulation, flotation, and adsorption for the removal of heavy metals from the environment. However, these techniques have high operating cost, sludge generation and selectivity of metals. Among them, heavy metal removal by the plant is an eco-friendly, sustainable, rapid and economic process. The adsorbent capacity of metal ions by plant and its removal varies, depending on the nature of the plants, particle size, and metal concentrations. This review paper focuses on the idea of using various agricultural wastes for the removal of heavy metals and also a way to management of waste generated by agriculture field. In this context, agricultural biomass is the best technique for the removal of heavy metals and need to improve the utilization of agricultural waste as sustainable way.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Toxic metals, Removal efficiency, Agricultural waste, Adsorbent, Plant tolerance power

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  Citation
  Snigdha Singh, Indra Jeet Chaudhary, Pankaj Kumar, "Utilization of Low-cost Agricultural Waste for Removal of Toxic Metals from Environment: A Review," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.4, pp.56-61, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Acorus Calamus: A Review

  Durgavati Yadav, Shivani Srivastava, Yamini Bhusan Tripathi

  Review Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRBS)

  Vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp.62-67, Aug-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrbs/v6i4.6267

  Abstract

  Full-Text HTML

  References

  Citation

  Abstract
  We found that Ayurveda, can serve as a “goldmine” for novel anti-inflammatory agents to treat chronic diseases. The current review is an attempt to provide description of one of the important ayurvedic plant and its treatment in various types of diseases. It is used in ailments like bronchitis, nervous disorders, colic, chest pain, diarrhoea, flatulence, ingestion, rheumatism, cough, fever, depression, tumors, skin diseases, acts as cryoprotective, inflammation and other nervous disorders. It is anti-microbial, anti-cancerous and also shown anti-diabetic potential. A number of active phytoconstituents have isolated and characterized from leaves and rhizomes, containing important essential oils. Its important therapeutic potentials are present in the rhizome part of the plant. Constituents, α-asarone and β-asarone are the predominant bioactive compounds found in this plant. At higher doses, genotoxicity and mutagenicity of α- and β-asarone have been reported in various studies, this limits its use. Ayurvedic plant with their active chemical components and the inflammatory pathways that they inhibit are yet clearly to understand.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Acorus, Diseases, Protection

  References
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  Citation
  Durgavati Yadav, Shivani Srivastava, Yamini Bhusan Tripathi, "Acorus Calamus: A Review," International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol.6, Issue.4, pp.62-67, 2019