Volume-7 , Issue-8 , Aug 2021, ISSN 2454-9312 (Online), 2454-6143 (Print) Go Back

• Open Access   Article

  A Single Recurrence Simulates Growth Cycles in Nature

  Alexander Harrison

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.8 , pp.1-7, Aug-2021

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  Numerous systems in nature grow or decay over time, with many exhibiting cycloidal or S-shaped trajectories. Competing effects within any predator-prey system may lead to oscillatory and even chaotic trajectories. Natural systems including solar cycles and even ethanol production curves exhibit an S-curve trajectory during the growth cycle. Traditionally, differential equations are required to analyse the dynamics of a large system of distributed particles. An alternative method for describing growth paths in natural systems applies a single modulated discrete-domain recurrence relation to emulate the shape of growth or decay trajectories. The model requires a known initial condition and a growth target value for the particular physical system. Addition of a modulating term within the recursion model enables wave action within growth cycles, without impacting numerical simulation stability. A recurrence relation is developed to simulate the known growth and decay characteristics in real systems such as hurricanes, tornados, ethanol production during fermentation, coronavirus growth, solar cycle count and sunspot dynamics, to mention a few. Simulation by recursion of growth curves for the above-mentioned natural systems each show S-shape appearance, suggesting that systems with limiting growth may also submit to trajectory predictability. Growth curves for any physical systems that evolve from a minimum to a maximum value are amenable to analysis by the recurrence method.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Simulation, Dynamics, Recurrence, Nature, Growth, Decay

  References
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  [10] A. Harrison, “Predicting US Covid-19 Infection Rate using Time-deay Recurrence Simulation,” International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 5, pp. 1-5, 2020.
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  Citation
  Alexander Harrison, "A Single Recurrence Simulates Growth Cycles in Nature," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.8, pp.1-7, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  A Study on the Influencing Factors of Social Media Use in Recruitment and Selection Process of Employees: A Case of the Banking Sector in the Ga-West Municipality

  Samuel Dartey, FengYing, Sonia Missah Amoabeng, Isaac Ahakwa, Leslie Afotey Odai

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.8 , pp.8-17, Aug-2021

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  This current study focused on the factors influencing social media use in recruitment and selection process of employees: a case of the banking sector in the Ga-west municipality. A purposive sampling technique was used to solicit data using 350 questionnaires among the employees of some banking sectors in the Ga-West Municipality. In analyzing the data, a simple statistical tool, specifically Smart PLS algorithm, bootstrapping, and blindfolding, multiple regression analysis, SPSS version (23) and Sobel test analysis were used to analyze the data collected. The result of the data analysis revealed that: perceived benefit and perceived opportunity have significant and positive effect on social media recruitment and selection process. Again, perceived risk and perceived cost also have significant negative influence on social media recruitment and selection process. Finally, the result from the mediation analysis showed that, Job satisfaction partially mediates the association between the independent variables and the output variable. The study recommended that, for the organization to continue to employ quality candidates through social media, management must commit more resources to the improvement of their internet and other social networks to ensure its effectiveness.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Social media, recruitment and selection, perceived cost, perceived benefit, perceived risk, perceived opportunities, Ga-West Municipality

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  Citation
  Samuel Dartey, FengYing, Sonia Missah Amoabeng, Isaac Ahakwa, Leslie Afotey Odai, "A Study on the Influencing Factors of Social Media Use in Recruitment and Selection Process of Employees: A Case of the Banking Sector in the Ga-West Municipality," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.8, pp.8-17, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  The Impact of Gender Inequality on the Regional Economy in Indonesia

  M. Fajar, W. Alifianto

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.8 , pp.18-22, Aug-2021

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  The study investigates the influence and direction of the relationship between gender inequality and the regional economy. The development of Indonesia`s Gender Inequality Index and economic growth in the observation period tended to slow down and increase, respectively. The panel regression model is used to obtain more detailed information regarding the impact of this relationship. The data used in this study are sourced from the Statistics-Indonesia, namely the Gender Inequality Index (GII) as a proxy for gender inequality and Real Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) per capita as a proxy for the regional economy. This study concludes that modeling between gender inequality and the regional economy is a fixed-effect model. This is caused by: (1) there is only one variable forming the gender inequality index that is directly related to the economy, namely the level of work participation of men and women who have a share that is not strong in index aggregation, (2) in regional economic development, policymakers at the provincial level do not focus on gender equality-oriented policies and work programs that support the economy but instead push the performance of resources that can absorb investment and increase regional income.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  gender inequality, regional economy, panel regression

  References
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  [9] M. Fajar, Z. Nurfalah, S. Nonalisa, "The Impact of Information and Communication Technology Development on Regional Economic Growth", International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.53-57, 2021

  Citation
  M. Fajar, W. Alifianto, "The Impact of Gender Inequality on the Regional Economy in Indonesia," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.8, pp.18-22, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Impact of WaSH Project on Rural Households’ Health: The Case of Ethiopian Kale-Hiwot Church WaSH Project in Gimbichu District, East Shewa Zone of Oromia Region

  T.M. Mekasha, M.Y. Tilahun, D.K. Tekelie

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.8 , pp.23-30, Aug-2021

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  Abstract
  the study aimed to examine the impact of water, sanitation, and hygiene project on water access, the prevalence of water-borne diseases, sanitation, and hygiene practices of rural households in Gimbichu District, East Shewa Zone of Oromia Region. The findings of the study depend on 350 randomly selected rural households from three project interventions and two non-project intervention kebeles. It engaged Propensity Score Marching methods in order to measure the estimated average treatment effect of the project on outcome variables. Therefore, the finding has made a significant impact on water access and the distance of water sources, where project beneficiaries have an average of 7.6 additional litter of water per day with 0.96Km reduced distance. Similarly, the project has made a significant contribution to improving access to toilet, liquid and solid waste discarding services where project users have a 14.7% increase to access toilet service and a 42.2 % increase to access solid and liquid waste disposal structures. Prevalence of water-borne diseases significantly reduced where participants experience on average 44.10% lower cases. In general, the Kale-Hiwot Church water, sanitation, and hygiene project have made a significant contribution to improving water access in nearby villages, locally standardized toilets, solid and liquid west disposal system which have a direct implication to enhance the health status of the family. The project needs extra initiatives to maintain water access standards, scale up to address non-intervention areas, and document best practices for further lessons.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Propensity Score Matching,Water, Sanitation and Hygiene

  References
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  Citation
  T.M. Mekasha, M.Y. Tilahun, D.K. Tekelie, "Impact of WaSH Project on Rural Households’ Health: The Case of Ethiopian Kale-Hiwot Church WaSH Project in Gimbichu District, East Shewa Zone of Oromia Region," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.8, pp.23-30, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Short Term Effect of Knee-to-Chest Position Plus 90-90 Passive-Hamstring-Stretching Versus 90-90 Passive-Hamstring-Stretching in5-15 Years of Spastic Cerebral Palsy: Non-Randomized Controlled Study

  Abhijeet A. Deshmukh, Vidya Krishnaswamy, Maneesha S. Deshpande

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.8 , pp.31-37, Aug-2021

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  Abstract
  Background: In children with cerebral palsy(spastic diplegia/ quadriplegia), commonly has lower limb hamstring muscle tightness. Hamstrings tightness seen to various degree of tightness in these children. Hamstring tightness is determined by knee extension deficit(KED). The present study evaluated whether both proximal and distal ends of hamstrings stretching will prove better/more effective than alone stretching distal end of hamstring in full range. Hence, knee to chest position component addition to 90-90 hamstring stretch passively may enhances the hamstring flexibility. Methods:Total 19 cerebral palsy children of 5-15 years of both gender with bilateral hamstring tightness(more than 20 degrees) were included. on every participant, application of 90-90 hamstrings passive stretch was applied (60 seconds) to the left leg, whereas knee towards chest position (30 seconds) plus passive 90-90 hamstring-stretching(30 seconds) was performed to the right lower limb. KED angle and angle of spasticity was recorded by using knee extension test(actively) and modified Tardieu scale(MTS) respectively before and after completion of stretching procedure on either side using universal goniometer. Results:Statistically paired t-test was used. The mean hamstring angle of tightness before stretching was 38.95degrees on both sides, with KED to 18.42degrees on right side and on left side (control side) reduced to 11.06degrees. The mean change in spasticity angle on MTS on right side was 30degrees whereas on left side mean was 23.68degrees, suggestive of right side was more significant than left side. Conclusion:The 90-90 passive-hamstring-stretching technique plus knee towards chest position found more effective in hamstring flexibility than passive 90-90 hamstring stretching alone in spastic cerebral palsy children.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Cerebral palsy, Hamstring stretching, Knee extension deficit, Active knee extension test, spasticity, Modified Ashwarth’s scale.

  References
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  [13]. Rodríguez PL, Santonja FM,Lopez-Minarro PA, Sainz de Baranda P, Yuste JL. Effect of physical education stretching programme on sit-and-reach score in schoolchildren. Science & Sports.Vol. 23, pp. 170-175, 2008.
  [14]. Page P. Current concepts in muscle stretching for exercise and rehabilitation. Int J Sports Phys Ther.Vol. 7,Issue. 1, pp. 109-119, 2012.
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  [16]. Theis N ,Korff T, Mohagheghi AA.Does long-term passive stretching alter muscle–tendon unit mechanics in children with spastic cerebral palsy? Clinical Biomechanics. Vol. 30, pp. 1071-1076, 2015.
  [17]. Bovend’Eerdt TJ, Newman M, Barker K, Dawes H, Minelli C, Wade DT. The effects of stretching in spasticity: a systematic review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. Vol. 89, Issue. 7, pp.1395-1406, 2008.
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  [21]. Magee DJ. Publish-Saunders.Orthopedic physical assessment. sixth edition.Pg no: 723.
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  [23]. Bohannon RW, Smith MB. Interrater reliability of a modified Ashworth scale of muscle spasticity. Phys Ther .Vol. 67, pp. 206-217, 1987.
  [24]. Chumanov ES, Heiderscheit BC,Thelen DG. Hamstring Musculotendon Dynamics during Stance and Swing Phases of High Speed Running. Med Sci Sports Exerc.Vol. 43,Issue. 3, pp. 525-532, 2011.
  [25]. Fosang AL, Galea MP, McCoy AT, Reddihough DS, Story I. Measures of muscle and joint performance in the lower limb of children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol.Vol. 45,Issue.10, pp. 664-670, 2003.
  [26]. Shaikh Z, Palekar TJ, Basu S. To Compare the Effectiveness of Active Stretching and Eccentric Training on Hamstrings Spasticity in Spastic Cerebral Palsy Children. Ann Physiother Occup Ther.Vol. 2,Issue. 5, pp. 140, 2019.
  [27]. Bhilwade AH, Ganvir S. Effect Of Stretching To Relieve Spasticity In Neurological Conditions- A Systematic Review: Stretching To Relieve Spasticity. Vims J Of Phys Ther,Vol. 2,Issue. 1, pp. 3-12, 2020.

  Citation
  Abhijeet A. Deshmukh, Vidya Krishnaswamy, Maneesha S. Deshpande, "Short Term Effect of Knee-to-Chest Position Plus 90-90 Passive-Hamstring-Stretching Versus 90-90 Passive-Hamstring-Stretching in5-15 Years of Spastic Cerebral Palsy: Non-Randomized Controlled Study," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.8, pp.31-37, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Chaotic Detection in Indonesia`s Business Cycle

  M. Fajar, E. Fajariyanto

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.8 , pp.38-42, Aug-2021

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  Abstract
  The purpose of this study is to investigate the existence of chaotic dynamics in the Indonesian business cycle. The data used in this study is sourced from Fajar`s research [3-4], namely the cyclical component derived from real GDP 1983 Quarter 1 – 2016 Quarter 3 using the Hodrick-Prescott filter on the lambda value with optimum generalized cross-validation of 988,474. The research concludes that the business cycle does not contain chaotic dynamics. It’s indicated by the Lyapunov exponential value and the fractal dimension which shows that the business cycle is dynamically stable and behaves anti-persistent, meaning that the point in the cycle does not tend to persist in a certain trend (short memory), meaning that the movement of the business cycle has a regime of recession and expansion alternately regular (regular regime).

  Key-Words / Index Term
  chaos, fractal dimension, business cycle

  References
  [1] A.F. Burns, W.C. Mitchell, “Measuring Business Cycles,” volume 2 of Studies in Business Cycles, National Bureau of Economic Research, New York, 1946.
  [2] J.H. Stock, M.W. Watson, “Business Cycle Fluctuation in US Macroeconomic Time Series,” 1998.
  From [07/09/16]
  [3] M. Fajar, "Analisis spektral siklus bisnis Indonesia,” 2017.
  DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.17045.63208
  [4] M. K. Rafsanjani, and M. Samareh, “Chaos in East European black market exchange rates,” Journal of Computational Methods in Science and Engineering 16, pp: 599-615, 2016.
  [5] M. Casdagli, “Nonlinear prediction of chaotic time series,” Phisica D 35, pp: 335-356, 1989.
  [6] L. Su, and C. Li, “Research Article – Local Prediction of Chaotic Time Series Based on Polynomial Coefficient Autoregressive Model,” Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Vol. 2015, Article ID 901807, 14 pages, 2015.
  [7] T. Ouyang, H. Huang, Y. He, and Z. Tang, “Chaotic wind power time series prediction via switching data-driven modes,” Renewable Energy 145, pp: 270-281, 2020.
  [8] G. Sun, S. Ben, “Reliability analysis of complex brain networks based on chaotic time series,” Microelectronics Reliability, pp: 295-301, 2019.
  [9] A.M. Fraser, H.L. Swinney, “Independent coordinates for strange attractors from mutual information,” Physical Review A, Volume 33, Number 2, pp: 1134-1140, 1986.
  DOI: 10.1103/physreva.33.1134
  [10] L. Cao, “Practical method for determining the minimum embedding dimension of a scalar time series,” Physica D 110, pp: 43–50, 1997.
  [11] M.T. Rosenstein, J.J. Collins, C.J.D. Luca, “A practical method for calculating largest Lyapunov exponents from small data sets,” Physica D 65, pp: 117–134. 1993.
  [12] H. Kantz, T. Schreiber, “Nonlinear Time series Analysis, 2nd edition,” Cambridge University Press, 2004.
  [13] P. Hall, A. Wood, “On the performance of box-counting estimators of fractal dimension,” Biometrika 80 (1), pp: 246-251, 1993.
  [14] G.A. Gottwald, I. Melbourne, “A new test for chaos in deterministic systems,” Proc. R. Soc.Lond. A 460, pp: 603–611, 2004.
  [15] M. Fajar, “Model markov switching siklus bisnis Indonesia,” 2017.
  DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.32926.64329
  [16] G.A. Gottwald, I. Melbourne, “On the validity of the 0-1 test for chaos,” Nonlinearity 22(6), pp: 1367-1382. 2009.

  Citation
  M. Fajar, E. Fajariyanto, "Chaotic Detection in Indonesia`s Business Cycle," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.8, pp.38-42, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Antibacterial In-Vitro Evaluation of Phenotypically Screened Solasodine from Solanum nigrum Linn. Against Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (0157:H7)

  Michael B. Bibon

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.8 , pp.43-48, Aug-2021

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  Abstract
  Many strains of Escherichia coli (E.coli) are not detrimental yet some can cause serious illness to humans. One virulent strain of this bacterium is 0157:H7 otherwise called as the Enterohemorrhagic E.coli. Since E.coli strains cannot be treated with the available synthetic antibacterial medicines due to its recorded increasing resistance, the quest for using alternative medicines has flooded the literature to treat E.coli-related infections. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of phenotypically screened solasodine from Solanum nigrum Linn. through in vitro assay against E.coli 0157:H7. Disc diffusion method was employed for the antibacterial testing of isolated 97% ± 0.18% concentration of solasodine (experimental) in comparison to the 100% commercialized solasodine (positive control), and disc treated with 80% dried methanol (negative control). Results revealed statistical no difference (p>0.05) in the measure of zone of inhibitions between the positive control and experimental set-up across trials. The result is further supported by the consistency of data across trials (p<0.05), and no appearance of zone of inhibition in the negative control set-up. The in vitro testified for the antibacterial effectiveness of solasodine isolated from Solanum nigrum Linn. extract as an alternative organic source for combating infections caused by E.coli 0157:H7. Nevertheless, further analysis of Solanum nigrum Linn. extract has to be studied to determine its effect in other tissues through in vivo assay.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Alternative medicine, Antibacterial testing, Escherichia coli, Phenotypic Screening, Phytopharmacology, Solasodine

  References
  [1] J.Y. Lim, J.W. Yoon, and C. Hovde, “A Brief Overview of E.coli 0157:H7 and its Plasmid 0157” J Microbiol Biotechnol, Vol. 20, Issue 1, pp. 5-14, 2013
  [2] A.D. Rolfe, I. Condova, S. Oswald, D. Hutto, and S. Tzipori, “Escherichia coli 0157:H7 strains that express shiga toxin (stx) 2 alone are more neurotropic for gnotobiotic piglets than are isotypes producing only stx 1or both stx 1 and stx 2” The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 181, Issue 5, pp. 1825-1829, 2000.
  [3] E.D. Berry and J.E. Wells, “Escherichia coli 0157:H7: Recent advances in research on occurrence, transmission, and control in cattle and the production environment” Adv. Food Nutr. Res., Vol. 60, pp. 67-117, 2010
  [4] B.P. Bell, M. Goldoft, P.M. Griffin, M.A. Davis, D.C. Gordon, and P.I. Tarr, “A multistate outbreak of Escherichia coli 0157:H7-associated bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome from hamburgers” The Washington Experience. JAMA, Vol. 272, pp. 1349-1353, 1994.
  [5] T. Breuer, D, Benkel, R. Shapiro, W. Hall, M. Winnetts, M.J. Linn, J. Neimann, T. Barrett, S. Dietrich, F. Downes, D. Toney, J. Pearson, H. Rolka, L. Slutsker and P. Griffin, “A multistate outbreak of E.coli 0157:H7 infections linked to alfalfa sprouts grown from contaminated seeds” Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol. 7, No. 6, 2001.
  [6] S. Muhlen, and P. Dersch, “Treatment strategies for infections with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli” Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol. 6, 2020.
  [7] F.O. Olorunmola, D.O. Kolawole, and A. Lamikanra, “Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Properties of E.coli Strains From Cases of Urinary Tract Infections” African Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol. 15, pp. 6-8, 2013.
  [8] Z. Xu, H. Li, and Y. Zhao, “Antibacterial Evaluation of Plants Extracts Against Ampicillin-Resistant E.coli by Microcalorimetry and Principal Component Analysis” AMB Express, Vol. 21, pp. 12-13, 2019.
  [9] N. Sharma, “Antibacterial activity of fresh juices of lemon, onion, bottle gourd, and tomato against multiple drug resistant bacteria such as E.coli, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Klebsiella and Salmonella” International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences, Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp. 16-20, 2015
  [10] M. Almazini, H. Abbas, and A. Amer, “Antibacterial activity of the solasodine of Solanum nigrum against bacterial isolates from the wounds” Bas.J.Vet.Res., Vol. 8, Issue 2, pp. 4-6, 2009.
  [11] S.L. Everist. “Poisonous plant of Australia” Angus and Robertson, Australia, pp.93-96, 1981.
  [12] V. Baehr, and R. Haensel, “Immunomodulating properties of 5,20 alpha (r)-dihydroxy-6alpha, 7alpha-epoxy-1-oxo-(5alpha)-witha-2-, 24-dienolide and solasodine” J. Planta Med., Vol. 4, Issue 1, pp. 32-33, 1982.
  [13] Y.W. Zhuang, C.E. Wu, J.Y. Zhou, X. Chen, J. Wu, S. Jiang, H.Y. Peng, X. Zou, J.Y. Liu, D.P. Wu, T. Gong, M.H. Qi, T. Xue, S.L. Liu, and H. Cai, “Solasodine inhibits human colorectal cancers through suppression of the AKT/glycogen synthase kinase-3ß/ß-catenin pathway” Cancer Sci., Vol. 108, No. 11, pp. 2248-2264, 2017.
  [14] J. Nino, Y.M. Corre, and O.M. Mosquera, “Biological Activities of Steroidal Alkaloids Isolated from Solanum leococarpum” Pharmaceutical Biology, Vol. 47, Issue 3, pp. 255-259, 2013.
  [15] V.P. Dixit and R.S. Gupta, “Antispermatogenic/antiandrogenic properties of solasodine (C27H43O2N) obtained from Solanum xanthocarpum berries on the male genital tract of dog. A histopathological approach” J Int. J Androl., Vol. 5, Issue 3, pp. 259-307, 1982.
  [16] V. Dixit, M. Varna, and S. Sharma, “Hypocholesterolaemic and antiantherosclerotic effects of solasodine (C27H43O2N) in cholesterol fed rabbits” Phototherapy Research, Vol. 6, Issue 5, pp. 270-273, 1992.
  [17] Y. Li, W. Chang, M. Zhang, H. Lou, “Natural Product Solasodine3-O-ß-glucopyranoside inhibits the virulence factors of Candida albicans” FEMS Yeast Res, Vol. 15, No. 6, 2015.
  [18] H.A. Ashal, “Biosynthesis and biological activities of in vitro derived solasodine glycoalkaloids from Solanum laciniatum” The Natural Products Journal, Vol. 7, Issue 3, 2017.
  [19] Ibid. [12]
  
  [20] J. Nino, Y.M. Corre, and O.M. Mosquera, “Biological Activities of Steroidal Alkaloids Isolated from Solanum leococarpum” Pharmaceutical Biology. Vol. 47, Issue 3, pp.255-259, 2013.
  [21] P. Kumar, B. Sharma, and N. Bakshi. Biological “Activity of Alkaloids from Solanum dulcamara L.” Natural Products of Research, Vol. 13, Issue 3, pp. 23-24, 2009.
  [22] S. Desai, P. Tatke, and S. Gabhe, “A new validated HPLC-DAD method for estimation of Solasodine nigrum Linn. Extracts and formulation” The Natural Products Journal, Vol. 4, Issue 3, 2014.
  [23] M. Weissenberg, “Isolation of solasodine and other steroidal alkaloids and sapogenins by direct hydrolysis-extraction of solanum plants or glycosides therefrom” Phytochemistry, Vol. 58, No. 3, pp.105-108, 2001.
  [24] J. Manosroi, A. Manosroi, and P. Sripalakit, “Extraction of solasodine from dry fruits and leaves of Solanum laciniatum Ait. And the synthesis of 16-dehydropregnenolone acetate from solasodine by phase-transfer catalysis” ACTA Horticulturae, Vol. 679, Issue 12, pp. 105-111, 2005.
  [25] Ibid. [10]
  [26] S.S. Al-Sinani and E. Eltayeb, “QuantitativeEstimation of Solasodine in Solanum incanum Plants Grown in Oman by HPTLC” International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Vol. 28, Issue 1, pp. 1132-1139, 2013.

  Citation
  Michael B. Bibon, "Antibacterial In-Vitro Evaluation of Phenotypically Screened Solasodine from Solanum nigrum Linn. Against Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (0157:H7)," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.8, pp.43-48, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  The Effects the Diversity in the Person-Situation Debate has on Virtue Ethics

  F.A. Akpudo

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.8 , pp.49-63, Aug-2021

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  Abstract
  Aristotle’s virtue ethics hinges profoundly on both a characterological moral psychology and the notion of practical wisdom. Nevertheless, currently psychological researches have funnelled to debates on the influence of humans character traits on their behaviour, as well as on the likelihood of practical wisdom as vigorous deliberation. According to these researches, humans act differently than usual on the basis of the Aristotelian observation on character, and for the most part, the cognitive processes that sway humans’ behaviour are significantly mechanical and unreflective. Founded on the upshots of these researches, some philosophers, identified as situationists, have averred that mans’ behaviour is swayed predominantly by situational undercurrents and not by their character. This argument between virtue ethicists thoughts, and situationists view on the other hand, is also recognized as the person-situation debate. The objective of this paper is to explore the person-situation debate and examine the upshots of the psychological description of the situationists for virtue ethics. Three positions will be considered herein: the virtue ethical stance, the situationists’ stance, and an integrating position. After considering these three positions the significances of the person-situation debate for virtue ethics will be considered.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Virtue Ethics, Situationism, the Person-Situation Debate

  References
  [1] K. Kristjánsson, Virtues and Vices in Positive Psychology, A Philosophical Critique, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2013.
  [2] J. M. Doris, “Persons, Situations, and Virtue Ethics,” Noûs, Vol. 32, pp.504-530, 1998.
  [3] K. Kristjánsson, “An Aristotelian Critique of Situationism,” Philosophy, Vol. 83, pp.55-76, 2008.
  [4] S. Epstein, E. J. O’Brien, “The Person-Situation Debate in Historical and Current Perspective,” Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 98, pp.513-537, 1985.
  [5] R. Kraut, “Two Conceptions of Happiness,” The Philosophical Review, Vol. 88, pp.167-197, 1979.
  [6] L. Brown, Aristotle: The Nicomachean Ethics, Translated by W.D. Ross, revised with an introduction and notes by Lesley Brown, Oxford World’s Classics, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2009.
  [7] R. Barney “Aristotle’s Argument for a Human Function,” In Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy Vol. XXXIV, edited by David Sedley, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp.293-323, 2008.
  [8] M. R. Johnson , Aristotle on Teleology, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 2005.
  [9] J. M. Cooper, “The Unity of Virtue,” Social Philosophy & Policy, Vol. 15, pp.233-74, 1998.
  [10] M.F. Burnyeat, Explorations in Ancient and Modern Philosophy, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp.261-264, 2012.
  [11] H. J. Curzer, Aristotle and the Virtues, Oxford University Press, Oxford, p.301, 2012.
  [12] G. Harman, “Moral Philosophy Meets Social Psychology: Virtue Ethics and the Fundamental Attribution Error,” Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, New Series, Vol. 99, pp.315-331, 1999.
  [13] L. Ross, “The Intuitive Psychologist and His Shortcomings: Distortions in the Attribution Progress,” In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, edited by L. Berkowitz, Academic Press, New York, pp.173-220, 1977.
  [14] G. Harman, “No Character or Personality,” Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol. 13, pp.87-94, 2003.
  [15] R. Kamtekar, “Situationism and Virtue Ethics on the Content of Our Character,” Ethics, Vol. 114, pp.458-491, 2004.
  [16] J. Sabini, M. Silver, “Lack of Character? Situationism Critiqued,” Ethics, Vol. 115, pp.535-562, 2005.
  [17] C. B. Miller , Moral Character, An Empirical Theory, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2013.
  [18] C. B. Miller, Character and Moral Psychology, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp.43-56, 2014.
  [19] S. Milgram, “Behavioural Study of Obedience,” Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, Vol. 67, pp.371-378, 1963.
  [20] J. M. Darley, C. D. Batson, “From Jerusalem to Jericho’: A Study of Situational and Dispositional Variables in Helping Behaviour,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 27, pp.100-108, 1973.
  [21] O. Flanagan, Varieties of Moral Personality, Ethics and Psychological Realism, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, pp.279-280, 1991.
  [22] M. Merritt, J. M. Doris, G. Harman, “Character,” In The Moral Psychology Handbook, edited by John M. Doris and the Moral Psychology Research Group, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp.355-401, 2010.
  [23] C.C.W. Taylor, Pleasure, Mind, and Soul, Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp.220, 2008.
  [24] B. Williams, Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy, Routledge, London, pp. 140-142, 2006.
  [25] S. Kirchin, “Thick and Thin Concepts,” In The International Encyclopedia of Ethics, edited by Hugh LaFollette, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, pp. 5126-5135, 2013.
  [26] J. M. Doris, Lack of Character, Personality and Moral Behaviour, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp.108-146, 2000.
  [27] H. Hartshorne, M. May, Studies in the Nature of Character Vol. 1. Studies in Deceit, Macmillan, New York, 1928.
  [28] D. Fleming, “The Character of Virtue: Answering the Situationist Challenge to Virtue Ethics,” Ratio (New Series), Vol. XIX, pp.24-42, 2006.
  [29] J. Webber, “Virtue, Character, and Situation,” Journal of Moral Philosophy, Vol. 3, pp.192-213, 2006.

  Citation
  F.A. Akpudo, "The Effects the Diversity in the Person-Situation Debate has on Virtue Ethics," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.8, pp.49-63, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  A Study on Enhancing Productivity & Efficiency of Loomshed in Kanoria-Africa Textile

  N.S. Debele

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.8 , pp.64-68, Aug-2021

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  Abstract
  Kanoria-Africa textile is a foreign owned company in Ethiopia engaged in the production of denim products. In this paper, it is aimed to study the causes why the company is not achieving its target production & efficiency. Accordingly, basic quantitative parameters are taken and compared with the standards. For the analysis, two months of production data have been analyzed and deviations from the standards are also observed. Currently, the company is producing a daily production of 391m/loom while the target is 500m/loom. The standard efficiency for Toyota air-jet loom is 88% but the company’s actual efficiency is about 61%. For the higher efficiency loss, contributions of warp & weft yarn breakages are more than 30% followed by beam-gaiting & knotting contributing a loss of 3.4%. From the study, 3 to 4 times higher than the standard warp & weft yarn cmpx is observed. To solve these efficiency and productivity problems, quality requirements for both warp & weft yarn is suggested to be checked, monitored & implemented. Weavers’ efficiency in attending breaks is six times lower than the standard required. This brings an efficiency loss of about 0.5%/break. To enhance their efficiency, periodic refreshing training & implementation of motivational incentive scheme has to be there.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Kanoria-Africa, efficiency, productivity, training, incentive scheme

  References
  [1] S. Adanur. ‘Handbook of weaving’ CRC press, Boca Raton, 2001
  [2] The Bombay textile research association, ‘Norms for mechanical processing (Weaving)’, LalBahadurShastri Marg, Mumbai-400086, India, 2007.
  [3] Prakash Vasudevan, D.Jayaraman, J Sreenivasan& R Pasupathy. ‘Sitra norms for spinning mills, The South India Textile Research Association’, Coimbatore-641014, India, 2019
  [4] Giovanni Castelli, Salvatore Maietta, Giuseppe Sigrisi& Ivo Matteo Slaviero. ‘Reference Books Of Textile Technology: Weaving’, Italian Association of Textile Machinery, 20123 Milano, Italy, 2000.
  [5] NewaySeboka. ‘Regression model development for showing relation between mechanical yarn stretch % in sizing and warp yarn breakage (cmpx) in looms using ANOVA model’, Ethiopian journal of textile and apparel, vol.1 issue 2. 2020.
  

  Citation
  N.S. Debele, "A Study on Enhancing Productivity & Efficiency of Loomshed in Kanoria-Africa Textile," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.8, pp.64-68, 2021

• Open Access   Article

  Effects of Noug Seed (Guizotia abyssinica) Cake Substitution with Treated Tagasaste (Chamaecytisus palmensis) Leaf Meal on Production Performances of Bovans Brown Layer Chickens

  Amare Sisay Sendekie, Habtamu Ayalew Kasahun, Yohannes Dagnew Alemayhu

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRMS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.8 , pp.69-73, Aug-2021

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  Abstract
  Accessibility, quality and market price of feeds are the critical challenges of chicken production especially intensive and semi-intensive production systems in Ethiopia. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of substitution noug seed cake (NSC) by treated tagasaste leaf meal (TTLM) on feed intake(FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), bodyweight change (BWC), egg production and economic feasibility. For this study one hundred eight, 32 weeks age of Bovans Brown chickens were used. Each ingredient was done the proximate analysis, then four iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric based ration diets were formulated which contain TTLM at 0 (T1), 5 (T2), 10 (T3) and 15% (T4). Complete Random Design (CRD) was used in to grouping four treatments, three replicate (9 chicken/replicate) and the experiment lasted for 12 weeks. Chickens were weighed individually at the start and end of the experiment period. Data collecting daily based obtained from dry matter intake (DMI), hen day egg production (HDEP), average egg weight (AEW) and egg mass (EM). The result showed that DMI, BWC, FCR, HDEP, HHEP, AEW and EM were not significantly different (P>0.05) among the treatment. The level substitution of TTLM in layer ration increase, the feed cost was decreased and egg sell per feed cost was increased. Therefore, we recommend substitute NSC by TTLM up to 15% for laying chicken ration were more economically feasible and implies a great opportunity in utilizing TTLM and further investigation will be needed on different chicken production traits.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Bovans Brown, Egg production, Treated Tagasaste Leaf Meal

  References
  [1] Tewodros Alemneh1 and Mebrate and Getabalew, “Exotic chicken production performance , status and challenges in Ethiopia Exotic chicken production performance , status and challenges in Ethiopia,” Int. J. Vet. Sci. Res., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 039-045., 2019.
  [2] A. Melesse, M. Masebo, and A. Abebe, “The Substitution Effect of Noug Seed ( Guizotia Abyssinica ) Cake with Cassava Leaf ( Manihot Escutulata C .) Meal on Feed Intake , Growth Performance , and Carcass Traits in Broiler Chickens,” vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 1–9, 2018.
  [3] Julie R. Roberts, “Egg Quality Reference Manual,” Australian Eggs Limited. Pp. 1-43, 2019.
  [4] S. A. Abdelnour, M. E. Abd El-Hack, and M. Ragni, “The efficacy of high-protein tropical forages as alternative protein sourcesfor chickens: A review,” Agriculture, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 1–14, 2018.
  [5] M. Mengesha, “Small-Scale Family Poultry Production Feed resources and chicken production in,” vol. 68, no. September 2012, pp. 491–502, 2019.
  [6] Heuzé V, Thiollet H, Tran G, Hassoun P, Bastianelli D, and Lebas F, “Tagasaste (Cytisus proliferus) | Feedipedia,” Anim. Feed Resour. Inf. Syst., 2016.
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  Citation
  Amare Sisay Sendekie, Habtamu Ayalew Kasahun, Yohannes Dagnew Alemayhu, "Effects of Noug Seed (Guizotia abyssinica) Cake Substitution with Treated Tagasaste (Chamaecytisus palmensis) Leaf Meal on Production Performances of Bovans Brown Layer Chickens," International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.7, Issue.8, pp.69-73, 2021