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• Open Access   Article

  Synthesis and Characterization of Polyvinyl alcohol/Silver Nanocomposite films and Effect of Gamma Radiation

  M.G. Pushpanjali, H.M. Somashekarappa

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp.1-9, Feb-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v7i1.19

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  Abstract
  In this work, a unique nanocomposite film based on poly (vinyl alcohol)/silver (PVA/Ag) has been synthesized using solution casting technique and the samples were exposed to gamma radiation for different doses 0, 25, 50 and 75 kGy. Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy, the characteristic Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) band placed at around 427 nm. FTIR analysis shows the formation of chemical bonding/conjugation between the Ag nanoparticles and PVA chains. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that Ag metal is present in face-centered cubic (fcc) crystal structure. The morphology of particles was studied using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) it shows the nanoparticles are in spherical shape. The presence of Ag was confirmed using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) elemental analysis. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) shows the particles were nano size and monodispersed. The antibacterial activities of the PVA/Ag nanocomposites were obtained using the zone inhibition method. The samples were tested against Gram-positive bacteria: Bacillus Subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae. This study reveals that the irradiated PVA/Ag nanocomposites film shows good antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Poly (vinyl alcohol)/Silver Nanocomposites, Gamma Radiation, Characterization, Antibacterial property

  References
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  [21] W. H. Eisa, Y. K. Abdel-Moneam, Y. Shaaban, Atef A. Abdel-Fattah, A. M. Abou Zeid, “Gamma-irradiation assisted seeded growth of Ag nanoparticles within PVA matrix”, Mater. Chem. Phys. Vol. 128, Issue (1-2), pp. 109-113, 2011.
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  Citation
  M.G. Pushpanjali, H.M. Somashekarappa, "Synthesis and Characterization of Polyvinyl alcohol/Silver Nanocomposite films and Effect of Gamma Radiation," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.1-9, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Numerical issues in design of passive micro-mixers and its performance analysis using CFD

  M. Amritkar, A. Patil, S. Barve, S. Gosavi

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp.10-17, Feb-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v7i1.1017

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  Abstract
  Advection dominant fluid flows and transport processes in microfluidic mixing devices pose noteworthy challenges in design related simulations as regards numerical errors. In the present work, an unsteady flow model with decay constant was utilized for testing passive micro-mixer simulations for numerical error. The simulations were performed using OpenFOAM (Open-source Field Operation And Manipulation), a finite volume based open source software. Three types of hydrodynamic boundary conditions representing surface engineered device walls (hydro-active patches) were investigated as design test cases. Our study focuses upon simulated effect of these conditions on concentration profiles from the point of view of numerical error. We show that the model can be analytically treated in part to establish a particular feature in the simulated concentration profiles is a numerical artefact. Further, it is shown that this error is rectified either by changing the method of solving discretized equation or by coarsening the mesh. This process is also sensitive to the type of hydrodynamic boundary conditions imposed. A generalized grid convergence test we carried out attests to the reliability of these micro-fluidics simulation results, despite the fact that they display numerical artefacts. The paper addresses this anomaly to a strong interplay between difference equation solving methods, mesh parameters and boundary conditions in the partial differential equation (PDE) model for micro-flows in passive micro-mixers. Our investigation thus suggests that grid independence tests, instead of being based only upon cell variables and mesh parameters, should also be informed by PDE boundary conditions and difference equation solving methods.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Micro-fluidics , micro-mixer, PDE, CFD, OpenFOAM

  References
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  Citation
  M. Amritkar, A. Patil, S. Barve, S. Gosavi, "Numerical issues in design of passive micro-mixers and its performance analysis using CFD," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.10-17, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Dielectric Relaxation Studies of Triethanolamine with 2-Alkoxyethanol using time Domain Reflectometry Technique

  S. Kumar, R. Amalanathan

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp.18-34, Feb-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v7i1.1834

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  Abstract
  The dielectric relaxation studies of Triethanolamine with 2-Alkoxyethanols binary liquid mixtures have been determined over the frequency range of 10 MHz to 20 GHz at different concentrations using Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR) Technique at 303.15K. The dielectric permittivity (ε`) and dielectric loss (ε") has been plotted in the dielectric complex plane. The static dielectric constant (ε0), dielectric constant at high frequency (ε∞), and relaxation time (τ) values are calculated. Using these parameters, the values of Bruggeman factor (fB), excess dielectric constant (εE) and excess inverse relaxation time (1/τ)E were also calculated. The effective Kirkwood correlation factor (geff) and corrective Kirkwood correlation factor (gf) have also been determined and discussed to yield information on the structure and dynamics of the mixtures. The long range and short range interaction between the dipoles can be studied from the thermodynamic parameter, excess Helmholtz free energy (∆FE). The free energy of activation for relaxation time (∆Fτ) were also calculated and interpreted on the basis of nature of molecular interaction.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Dielectric permittivity, Dielectric loss, Relaxation time, Time Domain Reflectometer, Triethanolamine, 2-Alkoxyethanols, FTIR

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  Citation
  S. Kumar, R. Amalanathan, "Dielectric Relaxation Studies of Triethanolamine with 2-Alkoxyethanol using time Domain Reflectometry Technique," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.18-34, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Pure and Fe doped TiO2 thin films for MOSFET Technology

  Davinder Singh, Alka Singhal, Neenu Saini

  Research Paper | Journal-Paper (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp.35-41, Feb-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v7i1.3541

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  Abstract
  Sol-gel dip coating was used to obtain undoped and Fe doped TiO2 thin films deposited on ITO (indium tin oxide) coated glass substrate. These films were sintered at 500°C for 1 hour and were thoroughly characterized with respect to their crystal structure, phase transformation and elemental composition. The structural and dielectric properties of the films were characterized by XPS, TEM, and impedance analyzer. The elemental composition and the oxidation state of the elements in the films were investigated by XPS, titanium peaks were observed at 458.67eV, 457.45eV and 457.28eV that belongs to Ti+4. The presence of Fe+3 in the samples is indicated by peaks found at 717.9eV and 709.41eV (2p1/2 and 2p3/2) state and at 743eV TEM studies confirm mostly the crystallite anatase and rutile phase for the Fe doped TiO2 films. Particle size decreased from 35 nm to 17 nm by 10-mol % iron doping. The density of interfacial states decreases with increase in iron concentration. XPS studies reveal that titanium exists in Ti+4 state in all the samples. Dielectric conductivity increased with increase in Fe concentration. Different types of polarization processes exist in different regions of frequency due to which the value of dielectric constant changes in pure as well as Fe doped TiO2 thin films.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Sol-gel, anatase, rutile

  References
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  Citation
  Davinder Singh, Alka Singhal, Neenu Saini, "Pure and Fe doped TiO2 thin films for MOSFET Technology," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.35-41, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Chemical Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel Sulphide Thin Film Electrode for Supercapacitor Performances

  M. S. Sonawane and R. S. Patil

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp.42-45, Feb-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v7i1.4245

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  Abstract
  All Nickel Sulphide thin films were deposited onto the stainless steel substrate by modified chemical bath deposition method. The structural, surface morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. The electrochemical capacitor performances were examined by using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge method. The NiS electrode exhibits a good cycling performance. The specific capacitance of 353 Fgm-1 has been obtained in 2 M KOH solution at a scan rate 50 mVs-1 within the potential range 0 to 0.8 V Vs Ag/AgCl. In charge-discharge behaviors, the maximum energy density (E) of 11.7 Whkg-1 and power density (P) of 4.3 kWkg-1 was obtained at a current density 1 mA/cm2. Impedance spectroscopic analysis revealed that the ESR is 5 Ω in KOH electrolyte.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Nickel Sulphide (NiS), Thin films, Cyclic voltammetry, Supercapacitor, Charge-discharge

  References
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  Citation
  M. S. Sonawane and R. S. Patil, "Chemical Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel Sulphide Thin Film Electrode for Supercapacitor Performances," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.42-45, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Investigation on new NLO material L-histidine potassium pentaborate (LHKB5)

  C.Karnan, A.R.Prabakaran

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp.46-51, Feb-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v7i1.4651

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  Abstract
  A new nonlinear optical crystal L-histidine potassium pentaborate single crystal was grown from aqueous solution by the slow evaporation solution growth technique to analyse its suitability for NLO device applications. It belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system which is confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The UV-visible analysis was carried out on LHKB5 crystal to find out cut-off wavelength and the energy gap of the material was found to be 245 nm and 5.05 eV. The presence of L-histidine potassium pentaborate on grown material was confirmed by FTIR analysis. TG-DSC analysis determines that the material has two stages of decomposition and it has three stages of weight loss. From DTA curve a sharp endothermic peak at 192.45°C shows good crystallinity and corresponds to the melting of the grown crystal. The mechanical strength of the material is calculated using Vicker’s microhardness. Grown crystal shows that the material is very much suitable for a second harmonic generation and frequency conversion applications.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, Optical, TG-DSC and microhardness

  References
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  Citation
  C.Karnan, A.R.Prabakaran, "Investigation on new NLO material L-histidine potassium pentaborate (LHKB5)," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.46-51, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Optical Characteristic Investigation on Copper Sulphide thin film for photovoltaic Applications

  W. Christopher Immanuel, S. Paul Mary Deborrah, S.S.R. Inbanathan

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp.52-55, Feb-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v7i1.5255

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  Abstract
  Copper sulfide has been considered as the most superior optical and semiconductor material. The current fossil-fuel based economy has proven to be no longer sustainable, due to economical, political, and environmental concerns. The global demand of energy has additional than doubled during the last 40 years and the predictions show an expected increase of 50% with respect to the current situation. This further raise in global consumption can be mostly attributed to developing countries, with countries like China and India and the Middle East region playing a major role among them. The constantly growing energy demand cannot be satisfied by currently-used non renewable energy sources, mainly fossil fuels. Among all types of renewable resources, solar energy has the greatest development potential, since it is the biggest energy source available on Earth. In particular photovoltaic (PV), which is the direct change of solar irradiation into electricity, offers a great number of advantages: not only it is a technology that produces clean energy from an “inexhaustible and mostly import-independent resource”. Latest research findings indicate that possessions of thin film solar cells powerfully depend on the various deposition techniques chemical bath deposition (CBD) being unique of them. In this research, CBD method was used to deposit thin films of Copper (II) sulphide (Cu2S) on glass substrates. Solutions of copper (II) sulphate, thiourea and tartaric acid were used to deposit Cu2S thin films at constant temperature 40 ± 20C. The optical properties of films were investigated. Optical properties like reflectance and transmittance and band gap were determined. Transmittance of Cu2S thin films varied between 10% and 40% with wavelength of the light energy. This research explain optical characterization on Cu2S for solar cell application. The Results of optical properties like transmittance, reflectance and band gap also reported.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Semiconductors; Cu2S; Deposition Technique, Analysis

  References
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  Citation
  W. Christopher Immanuel, S. Paul Mary Deborrah, S.S.R. Inbanathan, "Optical Characteristic Investigation on Copper Sulphide thin film for photovoltaic Applications," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.52-55, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Microscopic Transport Phenomena in a Liquid Alkali Metal: K39

  Grima Dhingra

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp.56-59, Feb-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v7i1.5659

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  Abstract
  Microscopic equations of an interacting and correlated system of particles has been solved to compute two of the transport properties, namely diffusion coefficient and longitudinal viscosity, of liquid potassium near its melting point, at 343K, for a wave vector range: 0.9 nm−1 to 17.0 nm−1. The present theoretical approach uses microscopic theory as a tool to compute the detailed dynamical structure factor, current-current correlation function and hence, the diffusion coefficient as well as the coefficient of longitudinal viscosity. Microscopic theory uses interparticle-interaction present among particles of a liquid to yield density-density response function and hence, its complete dynamics. The diffusion coefficient is evolved as a realistic parameter which has been fit to explain the experimental dynamical structure factors. The coefficient of longitudinal viscosity on the other hand is directly related to static structure factor and diffusion coefficient in the regime where wavevector and frequency approaches zero. It also depends upon velocity of sound which, in the present communication, has been calculated from peak positions of current-current correlation functions in the limit wavevector approaches zero. Computed results for both of the transport coefficients, self diffusion coefficient and longitudinal viscosity are found to agree well with the corresponding experimentally reported values.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  transport coefficients, current-current correlation function, microscopic theory, dynamical structure factor, longitudinal viscosity, diffusion coefficient

  References
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  Citation
  Grima Dhingra, "Microscopic Transport Phenomena in a Liquid Alkali Metal: K39," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.56-59, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Slabs of Crystallographic Planes of Rutile TiO2 as a Photocatalytic Surface

  N. T. Tayade, M. P. Tirpude, P. R. Arjunwadkar

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp.60-64, Feb-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v7i1.6064

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  Abstract
  This study is initially dealing with the density of states of the rutile TiO2 system and then dealing with the system made from the crystallographic plane in term of the slab. Four slabs (corresponding to the planes (110), (101), (211) and (301)) had been chosen for the study. These slabs assumed to be having the free surfaces of its solid and involved in a catalytic activity as a photocatalyst. The nature of such surfaces as a catalyst has been studied from their electron density of state in this paper. The variation in Band gap and nature of DOS was found significantly different. The work has reported (110) plane surface would be better compare to other as a free surface for the application as a photocatalyst.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Photocatalyst slab, DFT, Density of states, Energy band gap, slabs of rutile TiO2

  References
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  Citation
  N. T. Tayade, M. P. Tirpude, P. R. Arjunwadkar, "Slabs of Crystallographic Planes of Rutile TiO2 as a Photocatalytic Surface," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.60-64, 2019

• Open Access   Article

  Band Gap Engineering of Cu2-II-IV-VI4 Quaternary Semiconductors Using PBE-GGA, TB-mBJ and mBJ+U Potentials

  J. Bhavani, Rita John

  Research Paper | Isroset-Journal (IJSRPAS)

  Vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp.65-75, Feb-2019

  CrossRef-DOI:   https://doi.org/10.26438/ijsrpas/v7i1.6575

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  Abstract
  The structural and electronic properties of Cu2ZnGeX4 (X = S, Se and Te) with a tetrahedral coordinated stannite structure have been investigated using first-principles calculations. The optimized lattice constants, anion displacement u, tetragonal distortion parameter η, band gap, density of states and bulk modulus values are reported. The modified Becke-Johnson exchange potential (TB-mBJ), is used to calculate the electronic properties of Cu based quaternary semiconductors Cu2ZnGeX4 (X = S, Se and Te) and thus the results for the band gap and other electronic properties such as Total Density of States (TDOS) and Partial Density of States (PDOS) are analyzed in detail. Also the results obtained using TB-mBJ potential are compared with the standard local density and generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Even though the comparison of results shows that the results obtained by TB-mBJ are still underestimating the experimental results. This explains the inadequacy of mBJ potential for semiconductors with strongly delocalized d electrons. Thus in this paper an on-site Coulomb U is incorporated within mBJ potential (mBJ + U) which leads to a better description of the pd hybridization and therefore the band gap which is very much comparable with the experimental results.

  Key-Words / Index Term
  Cu2-II-IV-VI4(X = S, Se and Te), Band Structure, TB-mBJ potential, mBJ+U, Cu-based semiconductor, importance of d-orbitals.

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  Citation
  J. Bhavani, Rita John, "Band Gap Engineering of Cu2-II-IV-VI4 Quaternary Semiconductors Using PBE-GGA, TB-mBJ and mBJ+U Potentials," International Journal of Scientific Research in Physics and Applied Sciences, Vol.7, Issue.1, pp.65-75, 2019